scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF HYDROPON INSTALLATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Ivan Sevostianov ◽  
Oleksandr Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Static Solution ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Water Nutrients

Hydroponics is a promising area of development of modern agriculture, which provides long-term cultivation of basic vegetables and greenery in small areas with minimal consumption of water and fertilizers. This technology allows you to get a fairly large harvest of fresh vegetables within large cities, including office and residential premises. Entrepreneurs and researchers are paying close attention to developing more efficient hydroponics methods and equipment to implement them in order to reduce usable space, save water, nutrients and increase air supply and plant capacity. Several hydroponics systems are known: static solution culture, continuous flow solution (NFT) culture, deep water culture, passive irrigation, underwater and drainage irrigation systems, wastewater drainage system, deep-water fertilized culture, rotary system, aeroponics, wick system. The first three of the above methods were used commercially and industrially. The system of static culture solution does not provide the necessary saturation of plant roots with air. With the implementation of the method of continuous solution culture, minor buffering is possible due to interruptions in the flow (power outage), flooding of water in some canals, in addition, there are restrictions on the maximum length of canals (12 - 15 m). The system of deep-water culture on an industrial scale is used mainly for growing lettuce. Other mentioned systems are not efficient enough in terms of commercial use. The improved hydroponic installations presented in the article were developed taking into account the following requirements: universality of use (possibility of growing different types of plants); harmonization of optimal supply of crops with water, nutrients, light and air; maximum use of space; increasing the area for each plant and maintaining its stems and shoots. Also in the article the equation for definition of the basic parameters of the developed installations is given.

scholarly journals ELABORATION OF IMPROVED HYDROPONIC INSTALLATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Ivan Sevostyanov ◽  
Oleksandr Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Static Solution ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Flow Solution ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Water Nutrients

Hydroponics is a perspective direction of development of modern agriculture that provides perennial growing of main species of vegetables and greenery on small areas and with minimal expenses of water and fertilizers. This technology allows to get large enough harvests of fresh vegetables in big cities including office and living premises. Last time entrepreneurs and inventors pay a lot of attention for elaboration of more effective methods of hydroponics and equipment for their realization in direction of decrease of using areas, economy of water, nutrients and increase of air supply and plants capacity. There are several known methods of hydroponics: static solution culture, continuous-flow solution culture (NFT), deep water culture, passive sub-irrigation, flood and drain sub-irrigation, run-to-waste system, top-fed deep water culture, rotary system, aeroponics, fogponics. Commercial and industrial use got the first three from above mentioned methods. Herewith the method of static solution culture does not provide of necessary saturation of plant’s roots with air. Under realization of the method of continuous-flow solution culture are possible little buffering against interruptions in the flow (power outages), water logging in some channels, besides there are limitations for maximal length of channels (12 – 15 m). The method of deep water culture in industrial scales is used mainly for growing of lettuce. The other mentioned methods are not enough effective from point of view of commercial utilization. The improved hydroponic installations, presented in the article, were elaborated with consideration of such demands: versatility of use (a possibility of growing of various species of plants); harmonies optimal provision of crops with water, nutrients, light and air; maximal use of premise’s space; a possibility of re-space during of the growth period, increase of area for each plant and support of its stalk and sprouts. Also, the formulas for definition of main parameters of the elaborated installations are presented in the article.

scholarly journals Effect of Bacillus spp. on Lettuce Growth and Root Associated Bacterial Community in a Small-Scale Aquaponics System

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 947
Author(s):  
Nasser Kasozi ◽  
Horst Kaiser ◽  
Brendan Wilhelmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Lettuce Growth ◽  
The Mean

The integration of probiotics in aquaponics systems is a strategy for mitigating environmental impacts and for promoting sustainable agriculture. In order to understand the role of probiotics, we investigated the effect of a commercial probiotic mixture of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under deep-water culture integrated with Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). We determined plant growth, water quality parameters, and leaf mineral analysis, and assessed the influence of a probiotic mixture on the microbiota. Bacterial communities were analyzed by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Compared to the control systems, the addition of the probiotic Bacillus significantly increased the concentration of nitrate and phosphate in deep water culture solution, which contributed to improved lettuce growth. In both the growth trials, the Fv/Fm, the mean shoot dry weight, and the mean fresh weight of the harvested shoots from the Bacillus treatment were significantly higher than those observed for the control plants. Higher concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, and zinc in the lettuce leaves were found in systems that received the Bacillus. Although differences were observed at the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were predominant in both the Bacillus-treatment and the control systems. At the genus level, however, the communities present in the two types of systems were heterogeneous with Bacillus-treated systems, containing significantly higher numbers of Chryseobacterium, Bacillus, Nitrospira, Polynucleobacter, and Thermomonas. The results indicate that Bacillus supplementation can effectively alleviate nutrient deficiencies, improve water quality, and modify the composition of bacterial communities in aquaponics systems.

Hydroponic System - Solution Culture.

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Deep Flow Technique

Abstract This paper discusses about the solution culture or 'hydroculture' systems, which are methods of crop production which do not employ the use of substrates to contain the root system and hold moisture between irrigations. It includes NFT or the nutrient film technique, deep water culture/deep flow technique - float, raft or pond systems, aeroponics, aquaponics, organic solution culture, hydroponic fodder systems, and automation for solution culture systems.

Hydroponic System - Solution Culture.

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Deep Flow Technique

Abstract This paper discusses about the solution culture or 'hydroculture' systems, which are methods of crop production which do not employ the use of substrates to contain the root system and hold moisture between irrigations. It includes NFT or the nutrient film technique, deep water culture/deep flow technique - float, raft or pond systems, aeroponics, aquaponics, organic solution culture, hydroponic fodder systems, and automation for solution culture systems.

The time-course of ion and water transport across decapitated sunflowers for 32 h after detopping

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1625-1631 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Sobey ◽  
L. B. MacLeod ◽  
D. S. Fensom
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Time Axis ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Exudation Rate

Sunflowers growing in water culture solution containing only six ions (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, and NO3−) were decapitated and the exudate was allowed to accumulate in vinyl tubes. Measurements of biopotential, exudation rate, and ion concentration in the exudate and the nutrient medium were made at 4-h intervals during the 32-h period after detopping. The exudation rate, fluxes for each ion, biopotentials, and Δ E values for each ion were plotted on a time axis. With the fluxratio equation, chloride, nitrate, and potassium were observed to be entering actively, whereas for the other cations the gradient inward was passive. The active or passive movement for each ion and the diurnal cycles in exudation and ion fluxes changed as time after detopping increased. These changes might be accounted for in terms of the effects of detopping which remove the supply of energy compounds necessary for the normal functioning of the root.

scholarly journals Effects of Seeding Pattern and Cultivar on Productivity of Baby Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) Grown Hydroponically in Deep-Water Culture

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Janeczko ◽  
Michael Timmons
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Bench Scale

Baby spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was grown in a bench-scale deep-water culture (DWC) system in expanded polystyrene (EPS) plug trays. Two experiments were performed. In the first, different seeding patterns, [1-2-1-2…] or [3-0-3-0…] seeds per sequential cell, at the same overall density per tray, were compared to evaluate the potential of an EPS tray designed with fewer cells, but sown with more seeds per cell (to preserve canopy density). Using such a flat would lower growing substrate requirements. Seeding in the [3-0-3-0…] pattern reduced seed germination, but only by 5%. Harvested fresh weight was also less numerically in the [3-0-3-0…] pattern but not statistically. The second experiment observed cultivars Carmel, Seaside and Space grown concurrently. Carmel had the highest germination, nearly 100%, which was significantly greater than Seaside but not Space. Germination for Space was not significantly different from that of Seaside. Carmel also had the highest harvested fresh weight but was not significantly different from Space; both Carmel and Space produced significantly more harvested fresh weight than Seaside.

scholarly journals Some effects of organic growth-promoting substances (auximones) on the growth of Lemna minor in mineral culture solutions

1917 ◽  
Vol 89 (621) ◽  
pp. 481-507 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Numerical Estimate ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Water Plants ◽  
Aerobic Soil

In a previous communication experiments were described which indicated what when peat is incubated with a mixed culture of aerobic soil organisms for about fourteen days at a temperature of 26°C., a rapid decomposition of the organic matter takes place, with the formation in the "bacterised" peat of certain organic growth-promoting substances or "auximones", the addition of which in very small amounts to wheat seedlings growing in water culture causes a marked increase in growth. It was desirable to repeat these experiments with plants in which any variation in growth could be readily and more accurately estimated than in wheat seedlings. There was a difficulty at first in selecting a suitable plant for experiment. The objections to using the seedlings of land plants are: the difficulty of accurate weighings at regular intervals; the fact that a water culture solution is not the natural habitat for a land plant; the possibility that such seedlings may contain a supply of organic growth-promoting substances produced from the endosperm during germination. Water plants, on the other hand, are usually considered unsuitable for water culture experiments because they will not grow for any length of time in pure mineral culture solutions. Darwin and Acton state that “water plants cannot generally be recommended for accurate experiments extending over any considerable time, as we have found it much more difficult to grow them satisfactorily in culture solutions than to grow ordinary plants with the roots immersed.” They say, however, “we have found Lemna minor useful for purposes of demonstration. They grow rapidly, and their increase being principally in one plane is easily noticed at a glance. Moreover a rough numerical estimate of the amount of increase in a given time can be made by counting the fronds.”

scholarly journals The isolation from peat of certain nucleic acid derivatives

1917 ◽  
Vol 90 (623) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Bacterial Treatment ◽  
Pyrimidine Bases ◽  
Organic Nutrients

In a previous communication* describing the stimulating effect of certain organic substances, extracted from “bacterised” peat, on the growth of Lemna minor in water-culture solution, it was suggested that some of the substances may act directly as organic nutrients, being absorbed as such and utilised directly for building up the protein and other complex nitrogenous constituents of the plant. The marked effect of these substances on the development of the nucleus in the cells of the Lemna minor plants also suggested the possible presence of some nuclear constituent, such as nucleic acid, in the extracts. An examination of the aqueous extract of “bacterised” peat showed that, although it contained no nucleic acid, certain purine and pyrimidine bases, together with phosphoric acid, were present. As the presence of these free radicles indicated the possibility that nucleic acid exists as such in raw peat, and is decomposed by further bacterial treatment, an attempt was made to isolate nucleic acid from raw peat.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document