scholarly journals The Purpose and Value of Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syed Myhammad Imran Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Impact Factor ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Quadruple Helix ◽  
New York University ◽  
Wavelet Theory ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Continuous Wavelets ◽  
New Knowledge

Human cognition and intellect have always strived for improvement of the human condition. Improvements are primarily based upon development of new knowledge and its application. This remains the prime purpose of all research and its value.There is often a spatiotemporal disconnect between the occurrence of research and realization of its value. Translation of new knowledge into socio economically valuable application takes time. An apt example is as follow:Alfred Haar, a Hungarian mathematician-scientist, introduced the idea of HAAR orthogonal system through his doctoral thesis at University of Gottingen, Germany in 1909. Ingrid Daubechics, a Belgian mathematicianphysicist, working at Courount Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University, USA, in 1980s developed compactly supported continuous wavelets finding useful application of wavelet theory in digital signal processing especially image compression. Stephen Hallet, originally from France, also helped develop wavelet theory applications in signal and image processing. It took at least seven decades before valuable applications were developed based on Haar's theoretical concepts. New knowledge thus created through research, in one part of the world, may lead to production of valuable applications in a different part of theworld, at a different time.The puritan idea of research as enumerated above, has been corrupted with time. A lot of Ivory tower's research today is taking place to fulfil criteria of job placement and promotions. The concept of impact factor supports this purpose by providing a mechanism, howsoever flawed, of providing a quantitative mechanism to judge research capabilities of individuals and institutions. This lends greater impetus to self-serving researchthan to society serving. This impact factor approach appears to have helped increase the quantity of research, but certainly not its quality in terms of socio economic value.Much greater interaction between the elements of quadruple helix (of academia, industry, society and government) is required to improve our understanding to develop means for enhancing the ratio of socioeconomically valuable research to self serving one.By directing our endeavors to yield better fruits for the society as a whole, serves a far higher purpose and generates much greater value.

Précis ofUnified theories of cognition

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Newell
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Syllogistic Reasoning ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unified Theories

AbstractThe book presents the case that cognitive science should turn its attention to developing theories of human cognition that cover the full range of human perceptual, cognitive, and action phenomena. Cognitive science has now produced a massive number of high-quality regularities with many microtheories that reveal important mechanisms. The need for integration is pressing and will continue to increase. Equally important, cognitive science now has the theoretical concepts and tools to support serious attempts at unified theories. The argument is made entirely by presenting an exemplar unified theory of cognition both to show what a real unified theory would be like and to provide convincing evidence that such theories are feasible. The exemplar is SOAR, a cognitive architecture, which is realized as a software system. After a detailed discussion of the architecture and its properties, with its relation to the constraints on cognition in the real world and to existing ideas in cognitive science, SOAR is used as theory for a wide range of cognitive phenomena: immediate responses (stimulus-response compatibility and the Sternberg phenomena); discrete motor skills (transcription typing); memory and learning (episodic memory and the acquisition of skill through practice); problem solving (cryptarithmetic puzzles and syllogistic reasoning); language (sentence verification and taking instructions); and development (transitions in the balance beam task). The treatments vary in depth and adequacy, but they clearly reveal a single, highly specific, operational theory that works over the entire range of human cognition, SOAR is presented as an exemplar unified theory, not as the sole candidate. Cognitive science is not ready yet for a single theory – there must be multiple attempts. But cognitive science must begin to work toward such unified theories.

Shamanism, Totemism and Rock Art: Les Chamanes de la Préhistoire in the Context of Rock Art Research

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Layton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
David Lewis ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
American People ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Cultural Themes ◽  
Art Research

Les Chamanes de la Préhistoire: Transe et Magie dans les Grottes Ornées, by Jean Clottes & David Lewis-Williams, 1996. Paris: Éditions Seuil; ISBN 2-02-028902-4 hardback 249FF, 110 pp., 114 colour ills.The Shamans of Prehistory: Trance and Magic in the Painted Caves, by Jean Clottes & David Lewis-Williams, 1996. New York (NY): Harry N. Abrams; ISBN 0-8109-4182-1 hardback, US$49.50, 120 pp., 116 colour ills.Jean Clottes and David Lewis-Williams' recent book Les Chamanes de la Préhistoire builds on a body of rock art research which has come to dominate the field, marginalizing interest in other cultural themes such as totemism and records of everyday foraging. Shamanism and totemism are, however, two of the most pervasive indigenous theories of being to have been discussed in the anthropological literature. The word totem comes from the Ojibwa, a native North American people, while the word shaman comes from the Tungus of central Siberia. Their use cross-culturally to refer to types of religion (i.e. shamanism and totemism), is an artefact of anthropology. Shamanism can be applied to customs that are inferred to have arisen independently in different parts of the world; customs in a single circum-arctic culture area; or scattered survivals from an allegedly original human condition. The cross-cultural validity of shamanism has been considered by Eliade, Lewis, Hultkrantz and Vitebsky. Shamanism refers to the use of spirits as guardians and helpers of individuals, contacted through trance. The validity of totemism as a cross-culturally-valid category has been vigorously debated in anthropology. It is generally agreed to refer to the use of animals or plants as emblems or guardians of social groups celebrated in ritual. The rationale of totemism is that each group is identified with a different species; the significance of each species derives from its place in the cognitive structure. Group A is kangaroo because it is not emu or python. While Durkheim interpreted totemism as the original human religion, Lévi-Strauss persuasively argued that totemism is a product of human cognition, which has developed independently in North America, Australia and Africa.

AI: A Semiotic Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Walsh Matthews ◽  
Marcel Danesi
Keyword(s):  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Human Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Semiotic Perspective ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Human Sense ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a powerful new form of inquiry unto human cognition that has obvious implications for semiotic theories, practices, and modeling of mind, yet, as far as can be determined, it has hardly attracted the attention of semioticians in any meaningful analytical way. AI aims to model and thus penetrate mentality in all its forms (perception, cognition, emotion, etc.) and even to build artificial minds that will surpass human intelligence in the near future. This paper takes a look at AI through the lens of semiotic analysis, in the context of current philosophies such as posthumanism and transhumanism, which are based on the assumption that technology will improve the human condition and chart a path to the future progress of the human species. Semiotics must respond to the AI challenge, focusing on how abductive responses to the world generate meaning in the human sense, not in software or algorithms. The AI approach is instructive, but semiotics is much more relevant to the understanding of human cognition, because it studies signs as paths into the brain, not artificial models of that organ. The semiotic agenda can enrich AI by providing the relevant insight into human semiosis that may defy any attempt to model them.

Comment: The Science of Positive Emotion: You’ve Come a Long Way, Baby/There’s Still a Long Way to Go

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Shiota
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Emotion Differentiation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Nonverbal Expression ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Contextual Moderators

After decades of neglect, positive emotion is now the focus of a rich, diverse, and rapidly growing field. Basic research has advanced understanding of positive emotions’ neural mechanisms, nonverbal expression, and implications for cognition and motivation, with increasing appreciation of positive emotion differentiation, as well as cultural and contextual moderators of positive emotions’ effects. Much research has also addressed ways positive emotions can be leveraged to improve the human condition, and the mechanisms by which interventions have beneficial effects. As always, new knowledge raises more questions, and we still have a long way to go before the promise of this field can be fully realized. This comment reviews major developments in positive emotion science and offers recommendations for the future.

A DSP and FPGA Testbed for Teaching and Research of Wireless Communications

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Webber ◽  
Toshihiko Nishimura ◽  
Takeo Ohgane ◽  
Yasutaka Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
System Development ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Field Programmable

This paper describes the teaching and research of signal processing and communications systems that took place during the development of a real-time transceiver and radio channel testbed at Hokkaido University, Japan. Digital signal processing (DSP) concepts were taught and learnt during both the testbed system development and also the results gathering and analysis stages. The performance of a modern multiple antenna communications system is dependent on a number of key parameters, and the student interaction with such a real-time system can assist in the understanding of key but often abstract theoretical concepts. The communications algorithm and architecture overview on a signal processing board containing a Xilinx field programmable gate array (FPGA) and Analog Devices TigerSharc DSP is detailed. The lessons learned and potential uses of the testbed in both teaching and research are also described.

scholarly journals Governing the Anthropocene

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Delanty ◽  
Aurea Mota
Keyword(s):  
Human Science ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Temporal Shift ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Human World ◽  
Object Of Knowledge

The growing body of literature on the idea of the Anthropocene has opened up serious questions that go to the heart of the social and human sciences. There has been as yet no satisfactory theoretical framework for the analysis of the Anthropocene debate in the social and human sciences. The notion of the Anthropocene is not only a condition in which humans have become geologic agents, thus signalling a temporal shift in Earth history: it can be seen as a new object of knowledge and an order of governance. A promising direction for theorizing in the social and human science is to approach the notion of the Anthropocene as exemplified in new knowledge practices that have implications for governance. It invokes new conceptions of time, agency, knowledge and governance. The Anthropocene has become a way in which the human world is re-imagined culturally and politically in terms of its relation with the Earth. It entails a cultural model, that is an interpretative category by which contemporary societies make sense of the world as embedded in the Earth, and articulate a new kind of historical self-understanding, by which an alternative order of governance is projected. This points in the direction of cosmopolitics – and thus of a ‘Cosmopolocene’ – rather than a geologization of the social or in the post-humanist philosophy, the end of the human condition as one marked by agency.

scholarly journals Fractal Communication System Using Digital Signal Processing Starter Kit (DSK) TMS320c6713

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Arsyad Ramadhan Darlis
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Digital Signal Processing ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Wavelet Theory ◽  
Rayleigh Channel ◽  
Information Signal ◽  
The Ideal

In 1992, Wornell and Oppenheim did research on a modulation which is formed by using wavelet theory. In some other studies, proved that this modulation can survive on a few channels and has reliability in some applications. Because of this modulation using the concept of fractal, then it is called as fractalmodulation. Fractal modulation is formed by inserting information signal into fractal signals that are selffractal similary. This modulation technique has the potential to replace the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), which is currently used on some of the latest telecommunication technologies. The purpose of this research is to implement the fractal communication system using Digital Signal Processing Starter Kit (DSK) TMS320C6713 without using AWGN and Rayleigh channel in order to obtain the ideal performance of the system. From the simulation results using MATLAB7.4. it appears that this communication system has good performance on some channels than any other communication systems. While in terms of implementation by using (DSK) via TMS320C6713 Code Composer Studio (CCS), it can be concluded that thefractal communication system has a better execution time on some tests.

scholarly journals What Should a Social Psychology for Social Change Look Like in Asia? Reflections on Scientific Research, Aimed at Solving Social Problems and Generating New Knowledge With ‘a Theory of Culture Change at Its Centre’

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Liu ◽  
Allan B.I. Bernardo
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Impact Factor ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
President Elect

In late 2013, the Asian Association of Social Psychology (AASP) signed an agreement with the Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology (JPRP) to annually produce one themed issue in accordance with both organisations’ missions, for a period of 5 years. For AASP, the annual publication of a themed issue on ‘The Social Psychology of Social Change: Science and Practice in Asia’ was the end result of 2 years of member consultation, undertaken by President-Elect James Liu from 2012 to 2013. This resulted in a Mission Statement, and a directive from members to develop a second publications outlet with an SSCI impact factor, but more focused on applied research, to complement AASP's eponymous flagship journal the Asian Journal of Social Psychology (which is more basic in its research orientation).

scholarly journals ON THE PROBLEM OF THEORETICAL IDEAS ABOUT THE PHENOMENA OF PROTO-STATE, STATE AND STATEHOOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
M.N. Abdullaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The article examines some aspects of the theoretical concepts of proto-state, state and statehood, which coexist in modern Russian scientific research practice. Considerable attention is paid to the features of the studied social phenomena, determined from different methodological approaches. It is emphasized that in the process of studying the modern state, reliance on the principle of historical continuity acquires significant significance. The work focuses on the fact that when understanding the nature of the state as a complex social phenomenon, it is also important to consider the concept of a nation-specific state, which will create a broad system of concepts of the state and help to understand the characteristics of various states of the world. The idea is put forward that the study of the statehood of republics – subjects of the Federation – in the framework of the centuries-old process of the unity of peoples within the boundaries of the historical space of Russia, will contribute to the formation of new knowledge about the nature of domestic multinational statehood

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