scholarly journals Influence of drought on allelopathic properties of Pinus sylvestris L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 85-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Rositska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity

Objective – to investigate the influence of drought on allelopathic activity of Pinus sylvestris L. plants in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. Material and methods. The choice of study objects was due to their habitat: plants of P. sylvestris grew in compliance with the necessary agricultural technology including regular irrigation at site 1 (control) and in the conditions of drought at site 2 that models natural ecosystems (experiment). The allelopathic activity of leaves and soil was determined. In the model experiments, Lepidium sativum L. ‘Azhur’, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Poliska 90’, Amaranthus caudatum L. ‘Rothschwanz’ were applied as the test plants. Results of the current study revealed that the allelopathic potential of needles and rhizosphere soil of P. sylvestris depends not only from the species but also from drought conditions. The inhibitory effect was stronger against root elongation than shoot elongation of seedlings. Conclusion. This study provides a laboratory-based evidence of the allelopathic effect of P. sylvestris exudates under drought stress on model plants. Studies showed that plants grown under conditions of lower soil moisture exhibit stronger inhibitory effect or slightly stimulate the growth of test objects in comparison with plants that had better water supply. This testifies to the relationship between soil moisture and seasonal allelopathic activity of the plants.

scholarly journals Evaluation of allelopathic competency of Lamium amplexicaule and identification of its allelopathic active substance

2019 ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Chisato Sakamoto, Masahiko Suzuki ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki, Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
Hisashi Kato- Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Arctium Lappa ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Methyl Caffeate

The weedy annual grass Lamium amplexicaule (L.) originated from the Mediterranean region, spreads quickly, and becomes naturalized in areas it invades. It was assumed that volatile phytotoxic substances are one of the invasive characteristics of L. amplexicaule. However, no volatile compound has been found. Therefore, we re-evaluated the allelopathic potential of L. amplexicaule and investigated the phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity. An extract of L. amplexicaule inhibited the root and shoot growth of Lepidium sativum, Lactuca sativa, Arctium lappa, Lolium multiflorum Lam., Echinochloa crus-galli, and Vulpia myuros, which indicates that the extract has an allelopathic effect. The extract was purified using bioassay-guided chromatographic separations, and a phytotoxic substance with allelopathic activity was isolated and characterized as methyl caffeate. The compound significantly inhibited the root and shoot growth of L. sativum and L. multiflorum. The present results suggest that methyl caffeate may contribute to the allelopathic effect of the L. amplexicaule extracts and consequently, may be partly responsible for the invasive characteristics of the species. 

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Papaver Somniferum L. on Seed Germination Against Three Different Varities of Zea Mays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muntaha Tul Sidra ◽  
SAYEDA SARAH MUBARAK ◽  
FATIMA KHAN SHERWANI ◽  
NAZMA AZEEM
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Hot Water Extract

Abstract Aims To evaluate the allelopathic effect of Papaver somniferum against the 3 varieties of Zea mays seeds cv. Azam, Pahari and Iqbal. Methods Aqueous extracts were made by soaking the powder of dried leaves of Papaver somniferum. For the aqueous extract treatment, the extract was soaked in distilled water for 24 and 48 hours separately. For mulching treatment, the seeds were sowed in soil and sprinkled powder of leaves. For litter, the petri dishes were grounded with randomly cut pieces of filter paper wetted with extract. For hot water treatment the water was boiled for 5 minutes. The powder was then mixed in boil water. Results Azam got effected in 24h extract in aqueous extract treatment while Pahari in 48h treatment. In mulching all the three varieties got inhibited by extract. Azam showed resistance toward the inhibitory effect of extract in litter experiments. Iqbal was affected in hot water extract. Conclusion It is concluded that the extracts obtained from Papaver somniferum showed inhibitory effects on all the three varieties except few exceptions of maize. The plumule and radical growth got affected the most.

Chemical constituents and allelopathic activity of the essential oil from leaves of Eremanthus erythropappus

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Resende Pinto ◽  
Janaína Brandão Seibert ◽  
Orlando David Henrique dos Santos ◽  
Sidney Augusto Vieira Filho ◽  
Andréa Mendes do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Radicle Length

The essential oil from leaves of Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish (Asteraceae) collected in South-eastern Brazil was extracted using a combination of water and steam distillation and investigated by chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were predominant (46.6%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (29.3%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (18.8%). The major compounds were (β)-caryophyllene (29.3%), caryophyllene oxide (22.1%) and β-pinene (12.8%). The allelopathic activity of E. erythropappus essential oil on the seed germination and radicle length of seedlings was evaluated in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and in two field weeds (field mustard – Brassica rapa L. and hairy beggarticks – Bidens pilosa L.). Among the weed species tested, the most significant inhibition of seed germination was observed in field mustard, as measured by the half–minimal inhibitory concentration, IC50 (IC50=26.5μL mL–1), and the most significant inhibitory effect on radicle length of seedlings was observed in seedlings of hairy beggarticks (IC50=16.3μL mL–1). In contrast, the lowest allelopathic effects of E. erythropappus essential oil on seed germination and radicle length of seedlings were observed in tomato (IC50=>200μL mL–1 and 130.1μL mL–1 respectively) and lettuce (IC50=97.1μL mL–1 and 35.1μL mL–1 respectively). These results revealed significant allelopathic potential of E. erythropappus essential oil against weeds, but minimal effect on lettuce and tomato germination, and thus suggests it is feasible to use E. erythropappus sustainability as an eco-friendly bioherbicide in cropping settings.

scholarly journals Comparative account of allelopathic potential of essential oil of Tagetes minuta L. and its major component cis-β-Ocimene

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 1428
Author(s):  
Komal Arora* ◽  
Daizy Batish ◽  
Harminder Pal Singh ◽  
Ravinder Kumar Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Plant Laboratory ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Tagetes Minuta

The study aims to explore the chemical composition of volatile essential oil of Tagetes minuta and comparison of its allelopathic potential with cis-β-ocimene, a major component of oil. T. minuta L. is an exotic aromatic plant found growing in northern plains and western Himalayas in India. The water distilled essential oil from aerial parts of T. minuta (at flowering stage) was analyzed by GC-MS. The analysis revealed 27 compounds representing 95.73% of the oil. cis-b-Ocimene (44.56%), dihydrotagetone (28.52%), limonene (3.99%) and tagetone (7.42%) were its major compounds. A comparison of allelopathic effect of cis-b-ocimene was made with T. minuta oil using Cassia occidentalis L., a common wasteland weed, as test plant.  Laboratory study included growth studies in the form of germination, seedling length and dry weight of test plant under both treatments i.e. T. minuta oil and cis-b-ocimene. The inhibitory effect of ocimene was more significant as compared to oil. However, highest concentration (20µg/cc) of both treatments was found to be inhibitory with respect to all parameters. 

scholarly journals Assessment of Allelopathic Potential of Senna garrettiana Leaves and Identification of Potent Phytotoxic Substances

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Ramida Krumsri ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki ◽  
Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Natural Herbicides ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Spectral Data Analysis ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Senna garrettiana (Craib) Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae) is a medicinal plant known to be rich in biologically active compounds that could be exploited to produce bioherbicides. The present study was conducted to explore the allelopathic potential and phytotoxic substances of S. garrettiana. Extracts of S. garrettiana leaves were found to significantly inhibit the growth of Lepidium sativum L. and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. (p ≤ 0.05). The phytotoxic substances were isolated and identified as vanillic acid and ferulic acid by bioassay-directed fractionation and spectral data analysis. The two compounds were shown to significantly inhibit the seed germination, seedling growth, and dry biomass of L. sativum. Based on the concentration required for 50% growth inhibition (defined as IC50), the roots of L. sativum were the most sensitive to the compounds, and the inhibitory effect of ferulic acid (IC50 = 0.62 mM) was >1.3 times more potent than that of vanillic acid (IC50 = 0.82 mM). In addition, a mixture of the two compounds (0.3 mM) resulted in synergistic inhibitory activity against the L. sativum roots compared with the individual compounds. These results suggest that the extracts of S. garrettiana leaves and their phytotoxic compounds have potential as candidate natural herbicides.

scholarly journals Essential oil of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. influences the germination, vigor and emergence of lettuce seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-425
Author(s):  
Leonardo Antonio Thiesen ◽  
Denise Schmidt ◽  
Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro ◽  
Ezequiel Holz ◽  
Bruna Stringari Altissimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Vigor ◽  
Environment Experiment

Secondary metabolites are produced by certain plant species and may influence the development of some species through the action of allelopathic effects. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Lippia alba essential oil on the germination, emergence and vigor of seedlings of different batches of lettuce seeds. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 3´5 factorial scheme consisting of three batches of seeds of the cultivar Grand Rapids® and five doses of L. alba essential oil (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00%) diluted in distilled water and homogenized in Tween® 80. Seed germination and vigor, in the laboratory (experiment I), and emergence, in a protected environment (experiment II), were evaluated. The results demonstrated that there was an inhibitory effect with a significant reduction of germination, vigor and seed emergence when L. alba essential oil was added starting at concentrations of 0.25%. The essential oil showed allelopathic potential over different lettuce seed lots, affecting germination, vigor and seed emergence.

scholarly journals The effect of Pinus sylvestris L. plantings on the components activity of legumes antioxidant system

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Kolmogorova ◽  
Oksana L. Tsandekova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Melilotus Officinalis

The paper shows the content of some components of the antioxidant system (ascorbic acid and peroxidase) in the leaves of leguminous plants growing under Pinus sylvestris L. plantings during the growing season. The studies were conducted on the territory of the Kuzbass Botanical Garden (coordinates 55,366186, 86,190160). The objects of the research were Melilotus officinalis and Trifolium repens. The ascorbic acid content was determined by the titrimetric method, peroxidase activity was determined by spectrophotometry. The components activity of the antioxidant system in the leaves of leguminous plants growing under P. sylvestris plantings depended on the species characteristics and the period of plant vegetation. The activity of peroxidase during the growing season in the leaves of Trifolium repens is higher than in the leaves of the Melilotus officinalis. As plants grow and develop, peroxidase levels increase. The content of ascorbic acid in the leaves of leguminous plants revealed an inverse relationship. The studied samples were characterized by the least variability in the content of ascorbic acid, in comparison with the activity of peroxidase. In the Melilotus officinalis, the gap in the variability of ascorbic acid decreased by 1,4 times, compared with Trifolium repens. The closest negative relationship in legumes was found between the activity of peroxidase and organic matter, mobile phosphorus; a positive correlation was noted between peroxidase and the amount of absorbed bases, which indicates a possibility of using the obtained data as diagnostic signs of plant conditions for monitoring natural ecosystems.

ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF EUCALYPTUS TERETICORNIS CLONES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF ZEA MAYS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. TRIPATHI
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Eucalyptus Tereticornis ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Plant Parts

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of various concentrations of an aqueous extract of Eucalyptus tereticornis clones (C3, C6, C7 and C10) plant parts viz., leaves, twigs and roots on Zea mays (maize) seeds. Different plant part extracts of E. tereticornis clones were used to run the experiment under laboratory condition. The aqueous extracts of leaf showed significant inhibitory effect on germination, root and shoot elongation of Zea mays. The inhibitory effect was proportional to the concentrations of the extracts and the higher concentration (15%) had the strongest inhibitory effect. In plant part leaf extract had more inhibitory effect compared to twig and root extract. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that, Eucalyptus seems to be a potential threat to the cereals industry under small-scale farming condition. Therefore, it could be recommended that different remedial practices (like removal of excess leaf litters) should be done before sowing maize, in land previously planted with Eucalyptus in order to reduce the potential risks.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Sorghum bicolor at Different Phenological Stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. ZUCARELI ◽  
E.M.P. COELHO ◽  
W.V. FERNANDES ◽  
E.M. PERES ◽  
J. STRACIERI
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Bioindicator Species ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the allelopathic potential of the aqueous extract of the shoot of Sorghum bicolor at different phenological stages on seed germination and initial growth of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) seedlings, which is considered a bioindicator species. The experiment was carried out at five development stages of S. bicolor (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 days after emergence), which was used as aqueous extract at six concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%) applied in four replications per treatment in 10 or 50 kale seeds per plot. The percentage of germination, germination rate index, root growth, shoot length, and dry matter of kale seedlings were analyzed in the presence of this extract on different days of collection and concentrations. The aqueous extract of S. bicolor presented an allelopathic effect on germination and initial growth of kale seeds, with a higher inhibitory effect when more concentrated extracts from pre-flowering plants were used, which corresponds to 60 days after emergence. Thus, this stage should be recommended in the use of S. bicolor straw to help in controlling weeds.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Medicinal Plants: Costus speciosus Koen ex. Retz and Justicia adhatoda Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Devkota ◽  
Swasti Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Costus Speciosus ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Justicia Adhatoda ◽  
Germination And Growth

The study was carried out to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of rhizome and leaves of Costus speciosus Koen ex. Retz and Justicia adhatoda Linn. respectively on germination and growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.) and pea (Pisum sativum Linn.). Effect was assessed by recording their effects on germination and percentage growth of root and hypocotyle of test plants. However, the extent of inhibitory and stimulatory effect of extracts varied with the plant species. The extract reduced the germination of the test seeds. However, root and hypocotyle elongations of wheat and pea seedlings were significantly inhibited by the extract of studied plant parts, with the percentage of inhibition increased as the concentration of the extract increased. The observed allelopathic activity of the extract of both medicinal plants on the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat and pea was attributed to the presence of the allelopathic phytochemicals in medicinal plants. The results showed that Justicia adhatoda Linn. had strong inhibitory effect on germination as well as root and hypocotyls growth of test seeds. Phytochemical screening of both medicinal plants was also carried out by using standard methods. The extract contained alkaloid, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins in different proportions; with more of alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 57-65

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