scholarly journals Identification of Pinus sylvestris clones with highest and lowest allelopathic potential

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Bielinis ◽  
Jacek Kwiatkowski ◽  
Sergii Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Allelopathy is a kind of interaction between plants in which the inhibitory effect on growth and germination can play an important role during the struggle for existence in interspecific competition. The species (or clone of one species) with a higher allelopathic potential might win the competition and place themselves in a better biosocial position for growth. Also, the clones with a lower allopathic potential might be useful in agroforestry, e.g.  as trees useful for shading the crops. The allelopathic potential of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), the tree species with a wide range of distribution in Europe and of great economic importance, was estimated in this study. To this end, needles from trees growing in a clonal seed orchard were collected and used as a material to obtain water leachates. The leachates were diluted to 25 and 50% and used in allelopathy tests. The differences between potentials of leachates from Scots pine clones to inhibit germination and growth of the test plant (Sinapis alba L. cv. Borowska) were assessed. The clones 1702 and 1703 were characterized as highly allelopathic, with the potential confirmed in two independent allelopathic tests. The clones 355 and 2209 were characterized as clones with a moderate allopathic potential. The possibility of selecting clones with the known allelopathic potential for the successful use in forestry was discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Prunus serotina Ehrh. Volatile Compounds on Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus sylvestris L.

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Halarewicz ◽  
Antoni Szumny ◽  
Paulina Bączek
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect

In temperate European forests invaded by Prunus serotina Ehrh. (black cherry), a reduction in the spontaneous regeneration capacity of Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) is observed. It could be caused by various factors, including allelopathic properties of this invasive plant. In this study the phytotoxic effect of P. serotina volatile compounds on P. sylvestris and the seasonal variation in this effect were assessed. Simple assays showed that volatiles emitted from P. serotina leaves significantly inhibited root growth of P. sylvestris seedlings. Their negative effect on stem growth was much weaker. The strongest phytotoxic effect on Scots pine seedlings was caused by the volatiles emitted from the youngest black cherry leaves. In fresh foliage of P. serotina, nineteen volatile organic compounds were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The dominant compound was benzaldehyde. On the basis of tests of linalool alone, it was found that this monoterpene present in the volatile fraction has a strong allelopathic potential and inhibits germination, root elongation and shoot elongation of pine seedlings. The results of our research suggest that volatile compounds from P. serotina leaves could limited survival of P. sylvestris individuals in the seedling phase.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF WEED SPEICES AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF SESAMUM INDICUM L

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Anbarasan R ◽  
Prabhakaran J
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of aqueous extracts prepared from two weed species namely Ageratum conyzoides L. and Cleome viscosa L. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The weed extracts showed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings. The extracts of A.conyzoides had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of C.viscosa on growth parameters of sesame.

Bursaphelenchus vallesianus. [Distribution map].

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bursaphelenchus vallesianus Braasch et al. Host: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Czech Republic, Germany, Greece and Switzerland) and Asia (China, Zhejiang, Turkey).

scholarly journals Are we narrowing genetic variability in seed orchards? An attempt to answer, based on the analysis of microsatellite DNA of grafts growing in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seed orchard in the Forest District Susz

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Paweł Przybylski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Forest District

Abstract Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most common species in Poland’s forest stands. The mode of pine stands renovation requires that silviculture practitioners have continuous access to seed banks. Orchard-grown seeds are predicted to constitute an increasingly larger part of the average demand for pine seeds in Poland. Seed orchards, due to a limited number of maternal trees as well as the irregularity of their blooming and pollination, enhance the risk of genetic diversity reduction in planted forest stands. This is of particular importance in the context of dynamic climate change. Markers based on microsatellite DNA fragments are effective tools for monitoring genetic variability. In the present study, three different microsatellite DNA fragments were used: SPAC 12.5, SPAG 7.14 and SPAC 11.4. The main objective of this research was to study genetic variability in one of the biggest seed orchards in Poland, located in the Forest District Susz. The obtained results indicated heterozygosity loss within the orchard, proving the existence of specimen selection effects on genetic variability. Hence, it seems quite important to take account of molecular genetic variability of maternal trees in future breeding strategies.

The importance of being the first pollen in the strobili of Scots pine

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2976-2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saila Varis ◽  
Arja Santanen ◽  
Anne Pakkanen ◽  
Pertti Pulkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pine Pollen

Timing of pollen arrival may affect the level of seeds fertilized by pollen from outside seed orchards, especially in seed orchards of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) established in southern Finland with stock from northern populations. We performed sequential pollination experiments with Scots pine pollen collected from seed orchard clones originating from southern and northern Finland and recipient strobili in clones originating from southern Finland. When southern pollen was introduced first, seeds were sired equally by northern and southern genotypes. When northern pollen was introduced first, northern genotypes were found in 75% of the resulting seeds. When both pollen types were introduced at the same time, the resulting seed crop was split almost equally between northern and southern genotypes. These results do not unconditionally support the idea that the first pollen grain in the pollen chamber always fertilizes the ovum; instead, they suggest a more complex way of competition between pollen grains.

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