Legalitas dan Pandangan Majelis Ulama Indonesia terhadap Bitcoin sebagai Alat Transaksi

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-320
Author(s):  
Ardhi Barkah Apandi ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Fasa ◽  
A.Kumedi Ja’far
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Commodity Futures ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Online Payment ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
The Law

ABSTRAK Bitcoin adalah sistem pembayaran online dari uang elektronik peer-to-peer (P2P) yang dikirim langsung dari satu pihak ke pihak lain tanpa melalui lembaga keuangan. Di Indonesia Bitcoin tidak memiliki legalitas untuk dijadikan sebagai alat transaksi yang sah karena bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang nomor 7 tahun 2011 dan Peraturan Bank Indonesia nomor 17 tahun 2015 serta kepemilikan Bitcoin hanya dianggap sah apabila Bitcoin dijadikan sebagai asset kripto dalam bursa berjangka komoditi. Konsep Bitcoin menurut ulama Indonesia haram karena mengandung gharar dan dharar serta bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang. Gharar disebabkan karena penemu atau penciptanya tidak diketahui secara pasti, tidak adanya otoritas yang memastikan keabsahan transaksi, tidak memiliki nilai intrinsik, tidak memiliki validitas dalam sistem ekonomi, nilainya yang tidak stabil karena volatilitas yang tinggi, sulit untuk diawasi akibat ketidakjelasan pemiliki. Dharar disebabkan karena factor kemanan yang rentan akan peretasan, nilai yang fluktuatif sehingga harga bisa turun drastis dan merugikan pemilik, tidak adanya regulasi yang memberikan jaminan terlindung dari kerugian. ABSTRACT Bitcoin is an online payment system of peer-to-peer (P2P) electronic money sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution. Bitcoin does not have the legality to be used as a legal transaction tool because it is contrary to Undang-Undang nomor 7 of 2011 and Bank Indonesia Regulation number 17 of 2015 and Bitcoin ownership is only considered legal if Bitcoin is used as a crypto asset in the commodity futures exchange. The concept of Bitcoin according to Indonesian scholars is haram because it contains gharar and dharar and is against the law. Gharar is caused by the inventor or creator is not known with certainty, there is no authority to ensure the validity of transactions, has no intrinsic value, has no validity in the economic system, the value is unstable due to high volatility, difficult to announce due to the uncertainty of the owner. Dharar is caused by security factors that are vulnerable to hacking, fluctuating values ​​so that prices can drop drastically and harm the owner, there is no regulation that guarantees protection from losses.

Web-Based Electronic Money for Online Banking

2017 ◽  
pp. 55-63
Keyword(s):  
Payment System ◽  
Online Banking ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Online Payment

Online transaction payment for the purpose of introducing web-based electronic money as an alternative way of online transaction payment, the main areas that cover in this chapter include research of current payment system, limitation of current payment, what are e-money and the current state of electronic money. It will discuss the proposed web-based electronic money as an alternative for online payment and the benefit of web-based e-money. Online payment transaction is a form of a financial exchange that takes place between the buyer and seller facilitated by means of electronic communications for conducting e-commerce and online purchasing. This chapter includes research of current payment system, limitation of current payment, what are e-money and the current state of electronic money.

Technological Change of the Innovation Payment System

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarunee Wonglimpiyarat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Creative Destruction ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Paradigmatic Shift ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Online Payment ◽  
S Curve

This paper explores the process of technological change in the payment system. In particular, the study aims to gain understanding if Bitcoin would bring about a paradigmatic shift toward a cashless society. The analysis is based on the technology S-curve and Schumpeter’s model of economic development. It is interesting to see that the swing of S-curves is not strong enough to cause a paradigm shift according to the Schumpeterian concept of creative destruction. The study also compares Bitcoin with PayPal, a similar digital currency and major online payment system, to gain insights of the new challenge toward a cashless economy. The parallel S-curve trajectories of electronic money innovations signify a move from a cash-based economy toward a less cash society.

Web-Based Electronic Money for Online Banking

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Raghvendra Kumar ◽  
Preeta Sharan ◽  
Aruna Devi
Keyword(s):  
Payment System ◽  
Online Banking ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Online Payment

Online transaction payment for the purpose of introducing web-based electronic money as an alternative way of online transaction payment, the main areas that cover in this chapter include research of current payment system, limitation of current payment, what are e-money and the current state of electronic money. It will discuss the proposed web-based electronic money as an alternative for online payment and the benefit of web-based e-money. Online payment transaction is a form of a financial exchange that takes place between the buyer and seller facilitated by means of electronic communications for conducting e-commerce and online purchasing. This chapter includes research of current payment system, limitation of current payment, what are e-money and the current state of electronic money.

scholarly journals Online Payment Using Blockchain

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Karthikeya Thanapal ◽  
Dhiraj Mehta ◽  
Karthik Mudaliar ◽  
Bushra Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institution ◽  
Digital Signatures ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Online Transactions ◽  
System A ◽  
Online Payment ◽  
A Current ◽  
Payment Gateway

Increasing list of records is with blockchain where each record is linked with the help of cryptography. Every block in the chain contains timestamp, transaction details and hash of a previous block, hash is cryptographic hash. This is a secured system, which we plan to replace the current online payment system. A current online payment gateway is prone to hackers where the attacker can tamper into the network, thus creating money loss. And not only this but also the transaction has to go through multiple payment systems which consumes time, also creating a risk of transaction getting failed. So, our system would be using blockchain that allows online transactions which would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution and in a secured way. This system allows online transactions between two parties based on cryptographic proof without relying and trusting for a third party. To record transactions, we use proof of work algorithm which makes computationally impractical for an attacker to change. Digital signatures provide part of the solution for ensuring the security and integrity of the data that is recorded onto a blockchain.

Peranan Hukum Dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Negara Menurut Pandangan Ibnu Khaldun

Al-Risalah ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
M Lohot Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Law System ◽  
The Law ◽  
Almost All

 The law is no longer a record of behaviors which shape  the live of society; instead the law is expected to reveal the new  powers which expect the prosperity of the society. As the result,  almost all aspects of life are tied by law. The law should also realize  that there are external factors which effect the law and in the  application in reality. In that way, when designing the law policy,  the designer needs to consider some aspects such as psychology,  sociology,  and  geography.  Concerning  on  the  development  of  national economy, Ibnu Khaldun stated that law system should be  based on religion rule for the reason that the law will organize the  economic  system  well  to  be  balance  and  develop  the  economic  productivity 

scholarly journals FUNGSI BANK INDONESIA SEBAGAI PENGAWAS PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Mutiara Hikmah
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Banking Supervision ◽  
Command Economy ◽  
The Law

AbstrakThis article giving elaboration regarding Bank Indonesia role as centralbank that hold significant's role and position in Indonesian economicprogress, so Bank Indonesia ought to take position in the change of economicsystem from command economy to market economy. Considering thatcircumstance the role of Bank Indonesia under Article 23D of Constitution ofRepublic Indonesia has been endorsed to promulgating Peraturan BankIndonesia (Bank Indonesia Regulation) which is has same level withPresidential regulation. That regulation considers to the Bank Indonesiaroles to accomplishing through implementation of Law Number 23 year 1999regarding Bank Indonesia. Under the Law central bank have responsibilityto assure and conserve toward rupiah stability. monetary policy. continuityof payment system and banking supervision

scholarly journals Mobile Based Secure Digital Wallet for Peer to Peer Payment System

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Taghiloo ◽  
Mohammad Ali Agheli ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rezaeinezhad
Keyword(s):  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Digital Wallet

scholarly journals IDA-Pay: a secure and efficient micro-payment system based on Peer-to-Peer NFC technology for Android mobile devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Mainetti ◽  
Luigi Patrono ◽  
Roberto Vergallo
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
System Effectiveness

The evolution of modern mobile devices towards novel Radio Frequency (RF) capabilities, such as Near Field Communication, leads to a potential for delivering innovative mobile services, which is still partially unexplored. Mobile proximity payment systems are going to enhance the daily shopping experience, but the access to payment security resources of a mobile device (e.g. the “Secure Element”) by third party applications is still blocked by smartphone and Operating System manufacturers. In this paper, the IDA-Pay system is presented, an innovative and secure NFC micro-payment system based on Peer-to-Peer NFC operating mode for Android mobile phones. It allows to deliver mobile-to-POS micro-payment services, bypassing the need for special hardware. A validation scenario and a system evaluation are also reported to demonstrate the system effectiveness and performance.

scholarly journals Penerapan Menu Konfirmasi Pembayaran Online Berbasis Yii pada Perguruan Tinggi

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Qurotul Aini ◽  
Made Bunga Thalia
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Information System ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Online Transactions ◽  
Online Payment ◽  
Academic Information

Sistem informasi pembayaran saat ini sudah menggunakan sistem berbasis modernisasi atau online, yang sangat dibutuhkan pada era globalisasi ini. Peranan transaksi online menjadi sangat penting bagi masyarakat modern. Seperti E-Commerce yang menjadi referensi dalam pengembangan form menu konfirmasi pembayaran pada sistem pembayaran online perguruan tinggi, dari sistem yang sebelumnya masih berjalan manual atau tidak online. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengimplementasikan form menu konfirmasi pembayaran online guna meningkatkan pelayanan kepada mahasiswa perguruan tinggi dalam hal memberikan informasi pembayaran yang tepat dan akurat kepada mahasiswa, serta memberikan akses mudah bagi mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi Raharja dalam hal konfirmasi pembayaran. Selain dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi mahasiswa, sistem ini juga dapat memberikan kemudahan untuk bagian keuangan dalam pengecekan transaksi yang sudah masuk. Sistem yang diimplementasikan pada Perguruan Tinggi Raharja untuk form menu konfirmasi pembayaran ini ialah website goplus. Website goplus ini dibangun dengan menggunakan yii2 framework, dimana sudah banyak diterapkan sebelumnya pada sistem informasi akademik lainnya di Perguruan Tinggi Raharja. Pada yii2 framework terdapat fitur CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) yang dapat mempermudah dalam membuat suatu form.The current payment information systems already use-based systems modernization or online, which is much needed in this era of globalization. The role of online transactions is becoming very important for modern society. Like the E-Commerce as a reference in the development of the payment confirmation menu form on the college online payment system, from a system that previously still runs manually or not online. The purpose of this research is to implement online payment confirmation menu form to enhance services to college students in terms of providing payment information which is precise and accurate to college students, as well as providing easy access for students College Raharja in terms of payment confirmation. In addition to providing convenience for students, the system is also able to provide convenience to the financial section in checking of transactions already entered. The system is implemented on College Raharja to form this payment confirmation menu is goplus website. Goplus website was built using the yii2 framework, which already implemented earlier in other academic information system in College Raharja. In the yii 2 framework there are features of the CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) which can make it easier to create a form.

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