scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE REPRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS OF FRIESIANS, BUNAJI AND CROSSED COWS IN A SUBTROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
I. S. R. BUTSWAT ◽  
D. J. U. KALLA ◽  
S. T. MBAP ◽  
J. U. MOLOKWU ◽  
R. B. CHUO
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Marked Influence ◽  
Still Birth ◽  
Retained Placenta ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Subtropical Environment

Herd health fertility records of 248 cows comprising 103 Friesians, 84 Bunaji and 61 Crossbreeds in Vom from 1992-1999 were utilized to study the incidence of reproductive problems. The overall incidence of various reproductive problems was 54.4% and this was more frequent (P<0.001) in crossbred cows (72.6%) than in Friesians, (59.9%) and in Bunaji (32.7%). Second Calvers (67.1%) were more susceptible (P<0.01) to reproductive problems than heifers (56.0%) and mature cows (45.3%). The incidence of still birth (8.10%) and relative infertility (8.2%), were influenced by genotype (P<0.05); similarly genotypic differences (P<0.001) were observed in the incidence of retained placenta (7.4%). Abortion (5.6%), dystocia (12.2%) and repeat breeding (12.5%) were uniformly distributed among genotypes. Parity of dams had marked influence (P<0.001) on dystocia, still birth and retained placenta. Significant differences (P<0.0l) were also observed on the incidence of relative infertility, but the rate of dystocia (P<0.01), abortion and repeat breeding (P<0.001) varied with the years. The results emphasize the need for greater management intervention to reduce the incidence of reproductive problems in sub tropical cattle herds.

Modelling the impact of bovine herpesvirus-1 seropositivity on the technical and economic performance of a pastoral-based suckler beef system

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-564
Author(s):  
R. Lynch ◽  
D. A. Kenny ◽  
M. H. Parr ◽  
D. Barrett ◽  
A. K. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Net Margin ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) manifests as a latent viral infection putatively affecting bovines. Understanding its effect on cattle herds is critical to maintaining sustainable beef and dairy production systems, as well as aiding in the development of herd health policies. The primary objective of the current study was, therefore, to use a whole-farm bio-economic model to evaluate the effect of herd seroprevalence to BHV-1 on the productive and economic performance of a spring calving beef cow herd. As part of a wider epidemiological study of herd pathogen status, a total of 4240 cows from 134 spring calving beef cow herds across the Republic of Ireland were blood sampled to measure the seroprevalence to BHV-1. Using data from a national breeding database, productive and reproductive performance indicators were used to parameterize a single year, static and deterministic whole-farm bio-economic model. A spring-calving, pasture-based suckler beef cow production system with an emphasis on calf-to-weanling production was simulated. The impact of BHV-1 seropositivity on whole-farm technical and economic performance was relatively small, with a marginal drop in the net margin of 4% relative to a baseline seronegative herd. Subsequent risk factors for increased pathogenicity were considered such as total herd size, percentage of intra-herd movements and vaccination status for BHV-1. In contrast to all others, scenarios representing herds that were either small in size or those which indicated an active vaccination policy for BHV-1 had no reduction in net margin against the baseline as a result of seropositivity to BHV-1.

Short-term associations between disease and milk yield of dairy cows

1986 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Lucey ◽  
G. John Rowlands ◽  
Alexander M. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Retained Placenta ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
Subclinical Disease ◽  
Daily Milk

SUMMARYShort-term associations between disease and milk yield were studied in 1594 lactations occurring between 1977 and 1982 in 732 Friesian, Ayrshire and Holstein crossbred cows. Statistically significant differences in milk yield between one week before and one week after clinical diagnosis were observed for ketosis (5·l kg/d), hypomagnesaemia (4·1 kg/d), mastitis occurring after peak yield (2·1 kg/d) and lameness (1·1 kg/d). Milk yield declined for as much as 2–4 weeks before diagnosis of disease, and total losses in milk yield associated with ketosis or hypomagnesaemia were estimated to be 60–70 kg. No significant differences were found for endometritis or for mastitis when it occurred before peak yield. Milk yield was suppressed for about 4 weeks after calvings with retained placenta, but there were no corresponding effects of dystocia or hypocalcaemia on milk yield. It is suggested that if automatic daily milk recording is available it may be possible to detect deviations from normal, and hence detect subclinical disease 2 or more weeks before its clinical appearance.

scholarly journals Effects of a participatory approach, with systematic impact matrix analysis in herd health planning in organic dairy cattle herds

animal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sjöström ◽  
S. Sternberg-Lewerin ◽  
I. Blanco-Penedo ◽  
J.E. Duval ◽  
M. Krieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Organic Dairy ◽  
Cattle Herds

scholarly journals Effect of Oxytetracycline Treatment on Postpartum Reproductive Performance in Dairy Buffalo-Cows with Retained Placenta in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A Gohar ◽  
Mohammed A Elmetwally ◽  
Abdelmonem Montaser ◽  
Samy M. Zaabel
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Retained Placenta ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Dairy Buffalo

Retained fetal membrane (RFM) is a crucial calving related disorder that affects economic for the farmer and herd health. Retention of Placenta (ROP) is the condition in which the fetal membranes are not expelled within a period of 12 hours after parturition. Buffalo cows (n=34) aged 4-9 years old with 2-6 lactation season were used in the present study. The Experimental buffaloes were divided into either with (n=25) or without (n=9) fetal membrane retention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oxytetracycline treatment on reproductive performance of buffalo-cows with retained fetal membranes. All buffaloes in treated group received systemic infusion of oxytetracyclin Hcl injection 5% and 10 mg/kg oxytetracycline for 3 days intrauterine. Reproductive performance parameters for all experimental buffaloes were days to first estrous, number of service per conception, days open and pregnancy diagnosis. All reproductive parameters demonstrated significant changes between treated and non-treated animals (P < 0.05). Altogether, the obtained results indicated that retained placenta in buffaloes could be treated successfully by intrauterine infusion of oxytetracycline

scholarly journals The Nature, Economics and Public Health Aspects of Bovine Brucellosis in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
G. O. Esuruoso
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Retained Placenta ◽  
The Status ◽  
Northern State ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
Available Information

BOVINE Brucellosis is a disease of cattle which causes abortions, retained placenta, inferillity and cconomic losses in calf pro duction in the affected herds. This disease has been diagnosed in various parts of the country (Efurioso, 1974). Although some herds were found to be free, others were moderately infected, while others still were heavily infected. Unfortunately, some of the heavily infected cattle herds were at the breeding centres from where animal were usually sold out to beginners about to start their own foundation herds. Therefore a trail of brucellosis could be followed to many of these herds. From currently available information (Esuruoso & Hill, 1971; Esuruoso & Van Blake, 1972; Esuruoso 1974a & 1974b) it is estimated that direct losses due to bovine brucellosis alone in Oyo State is around ₦200,000 per 10,000 adult female cattle per annum. Losses in other parts of the country have been shown to be heavy in some places and low in others (Banerjee and Bhatty, 1970; Esurdoso, 1974b; Esaruoso, 1975; Nuru and Dennis, 1975) but can only be properly estimated when more work has been done to find out the status of most of the herds in relation to the incidence; only a very small percentage of herds in the northern state (Esurtoso, 1974b; Nuru and Dennis, 1975) have been investigated.

scholarly journals Bovine Brucellosis in Gauteng, South Africa: Seroprevalence amongst Cattle Handlers and Variables Associated with Seropositive Cattle Herds, 2014–2016

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1547
Author(s):  
Krpasha Govindasamy ◽  
Peter N. Thompson ◽  
Bernice N. Harris ◽  
Jennifer Rossouw ◽  
Darrell A. Abernethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Private Farm

In South Africa, the prevalence of cattle handler exposure to Brucella on cattle farms is unknown and risk factors and cattle symptoms associated with infected cattle herds are unavailable. To address this gap, a case-control study of cattle herds was conducted in Gauteng province and farm workers and veterinary officials were tested for exposure to Brucella. Seroprevalence amongst farm workers exposed to case herds ranged from 4.0% (BrucellaCapt®) to 16.7% (IgG ELISA®), compared to those exposed to control herds, where seroprevalence ranged from 1.9% (BrucellaCapt®) to 5.7% (IgG ELISA®). Seroprevalence amongst veterinary officials was significantly greater compared to farm workers exposed to case herds for the outcome RBT+ IgM- IgG+ (OR = 11.1, 95% CI: 2.5–49.9, p = 0.002) and RBT- IgM- IgG+ (OR = 6.3, 95% CI: 2.3–17.3, p < 0.001). Risk factors associated with being an infected herd were: being a government-sponsored farm vs. private farm (OR 4.0; 95% CI: 1.4–11.3; p = 0.009), beef vs. dairy herd (OR 7.9; 95% CI: 1.4–44.9; p = 0.020), open vs. closed herd (OR 3.3; 95% CI: 1.1–10.4; p = 0.038) and the presence of antelope on the farm (OR 29.4; 95% CI: 4.0–218.2; p = 0.001). Abortions (OR = 5.1; 95% CI: 2.0–13.3; p < 0.001), weak calves in the herd (OR = 8.0; 95% CI: 2.6–24.4; p < 0.001), reduction in number of calves born (OR = 9.0; 95% CI: 2.1–43.6; p < 0.001), reduction in conception rate (OR = 3.9; 95% CI: 0.8–18.3; p = 0.046), hygromas in cattle (p = 0.011) and farmers reporting brucellosis-like symptoms in their farm workers or in him/herself (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.3–8.7; p = 0.006) were more likely to be associated with Brucella infected herds than control herds. This evidence can be used in strategic planning to protect both human and herd health.

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