The 2019 Eruption Dynamics and Morphology at Ebeko Volcano Monitored by geophysical instrument networks and Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Walter ◽  
Alexander and Marina Belousov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Geophysical Field ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Northern Kuril Islands ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
Structural Architecture

<p>Vulcanian explosions are hazardous and are often spontaneous and direct observations are therefore challenging. Ebeko is an active volcano on Paramushir Island, northern Kuril Islands, showing characteristic Vulcanian-type activity. In 2019, we started a comprehensive survey using a combination of geophysical field station records and repeated unoccupied aircraft system (UAS) surveys to describe the geomorphological features of the edifice and its evolution during ongoing activity. Seismic data revealed the activity of the volcano and were complemented by monitoring cameras, showing a mean explosion interval of 34 min. Digital terrain data generated from UAS quadcopter photographs allowed for the identification of the dimensions of the craters, a structural architecture and the tephra deposition at cm-scale resolution. The UAS was equipped with a thermal camera, which in combination with the terrain data, allowed it to identify fumaroles, volcano-tectonic structures and vents and generate a catalog of 282 thermal spots. The data provide details on a nested crater complex, aligned NNE-SSW, erupting on the northern rim of the former North Crater. Our catalog of thermal spots also follows a similar alignment on the edifice-scale and is also affected by topography on a local scale. New analysis are included in this presentation as well as a long term change analysis based on remote sensing data.</p>

scholarly journals The 2019 Eruption Dynamics and Morphology at Ebeko Volcano Monitored by Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Field Stations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Walter ◽  
Alexander Belousov ◽  
Marina Belousova ◽  
Tatiana Kotenko ◽  
Andreas Auer
Keyword(s):  
Active Volcano ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Geothermal Activity ◽  
Northern Kuril Islands ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
Structural Architecture

Vulcanian explosions are hazardous and are often spontaneous and direct observations are therefore challenging. Ebeko is an active volcano on Paramushir Island, northern Kuril Islands, showing characteristic Vulcanian-type activity. In 2019, we started a comprehensive survey using a combination of field station records and repeated unoccupied aircraft system (UAS) surveys to describe the geomorphological features of the edifice and its evolution during ongoing activity. Seismic data revealed the activity of the volcano and were complemented by monitoring cameras, showing a mean explosion interval of 34 min. Digital terrain data generated from UAS quadcopter photographs allowed for the identification of the dimensions of the craters, a structural architecture and the tephra deposition at cm-scale resolution. The UAS was equipped with a thermal camera, which in combination with the terrain data, allowed it to identify fumaroles, volcano-tectonic structures and vents and generate a catalog of 282 thermal spots. The data provide details on a nested crater complex, aligned NNE-SSW, erupting on the northern rim of the former North Crater. Our catalog of thermal spots also follows a similar alignment on the edifice-scale and is also affected by topography on a local scale. This paper provides rare observations at Ebeko volcano and shows details on its Vulcanian eruption style, highlighting the relevance of structural and morphologic control for the geometry of craters and tephra fallout as well as for structurally controlled geothermal activity.

Spatial analysis of limiting resources on an island: diet and shelter use reveal sites of conservation importance for the Rottnest Island quokka

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly L. Poole ◽  
Laily Mukaromah ◽  
Halina T. Kobryn ◽  
Patricia A. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Resource Limitation ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Dietary Analysis ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Rest Sites

Context For conservation of any species, we need baseline data that will guide conservation planning strategies. Identifying plant resources used by animal species for food and shelter is the first important step towards fauna conservation. The second step is to determine the extent and distribution of these resources and thus identify prime habitat or habitat that could be improved through suitable management actions. This information provides the necessary spatial targeting required to make the most of few resources and a shortage of time. Aims Applying this model approach, we identified plant species used as food or shelter resources by the conservationally significant quokka (Setonix brachyurus) across Rottnest Island, Western Australia in the aftermath of the hottest and driest summer on record. Methods Dietary analysis was carried out using microhistological examination of plant cuticle remains from faecal samples for 67 locations across the island. Plants acting as diurnal rest shelters (n = 73 sites) were identified through observation of individuals flushed during surveys. Identifying key resources requires both a comprehensive analysis of the current use, as well as knowledge of availability of resources to determine selectivity. We therefore compared food plants or rest sites with a comprehensive survey of floristic diversity and abundance for 210 stratified-randomly located sites across the island. Key results We identified eight plant species that quokkas fed on preferentially and identified four plant species that were the principal shelter sites. We then used hyperspectral remote sensing data to map the distribution of these plant species to quantify their distribution and identify key habitat areas. Conclusions Understanding resource limitation over the most physiologically challenging time of the year provides important information for quokka conservation. Quokkas prefer Malvaceae species as food plants, and use dense, abundant shrubs for shelter. Implications Quokkas appear to have shifted their use of food plants since a previous study (50 years ago), likely reflecting modification of island vegetation due to anthropogenic influences, fire and herbivory over time. In the face of changing climate, this information will serve as an important guide towards conservation management actions on the island (e.g. future planning of revegetation and habitat protection/enhancement).

scholarly journals MEASUREMENTS FROM A FAST-MOVING AIR-CUSHION PLATFORM

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (20) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kerchkaert ◽  
A. Grobben ◽  
P. De Candt
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Coastal Morphology ◽  
Nearshore Area ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
Aerial Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

In 1976 the Belgian Government decided to enlarge the harbour of Zeebrugge and to execute an artificial beach renourishment on the beaches at Knokke-Heist. A comprehensive survey program along the 24 km coastline was conceived using remote sensing techniques. This enabled correct momentary recordings of the beach areas, the production of differential charts and calculations of dune and beach volumes. However, the observations of the nearshore and offshore areas from ordinary survey vessels take too long so that no accurate momentary recordings of the seabottom topography can be achieved. On these grounds, in 1983, the Belgian Authorities have instructed the Eurosense Belfotop Company to develop an effective measuring method based on the use of a hovercraft. This hovercraft platform, named "BEASAC" and designed for hydrographic surveys, is now used for monitoring the coastal morphology and the dredging activities in the access channels to the major Belgian seaports. On the basis of the "Beasac"-soundings of the nearshore area and the aerial remote sensing data of the beach, charts and differential charts of the combined beach and nearshore area are produced. The results of this technique are very promising and will be incorporated in the further survey programs ordered by the Belgian Authorities as a substitute for the classic bathymetric vessel soundings.

scholarly journals Urban Landscape Change Analysis Using Local Climate Zones and Object-Based Classification in the Salt Lake Metro Region, Utah, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed Collins ◽  
Iryna Dronova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Local Climate Zones

Urban areas globally are vulnerable to warming climate trends exacerbated by their growing populations and heat island effects. The Local Climate Zone (LCZ) typology has become a popular framework for characterizing urban microclimates in different regions using various classification methods, including a widely adopted pixel-based protocol by the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) Project. However, few studies to date have explored the potential of object-based image analysis (OBIA) to facilitate classification of LCZs given their inherent complexity, and few studies have further used the LCZ framework to analyze land cover changes in urban areas over time. This study classified LCZs in the Salt Lake Metro Region, Utah, USA for 1993 and 2017 using a supervised object-based analysis of Landsat satellite imagery and assessed their change during this time frame. The overall accuracy, measured for the most recent classification period (2017), was equal to 64% across 12 LCZs, with most of the error resulting from similarities among highly developed LCZs and non-developed classes with sparse or low-stature vegetation. The observed 1993–2017 changes in LCZs indicated a regional tendency towards primarily suburban, open low-rise development, and large low-rise and paved classes. However, despite the potential for local cooling with landscape transitions likely to increase vegetation cover and irrigation compared to pre-development conditions, summer averages of Landsat-derived top-of-atmosphere brightness temperatures showed a pronounced warming between 1992–1994 and 2016–2018 across the study region, with a 0.1–2.9 °C increase among individual LCZs. Our results indicate that future applications of LCZs towards urban change analyses should develop a stronger understanding of LCZ microclimate sensitivity to changes in size and configuration of urban neighborhoods and regions. Furthermore, while OBIA is promising for capturing the heterogeneous and multi-scale nature of LCZs, its applications could be strengthened by adopting more generalizable approaches for LCZ-relevant segmentation and validation, and by incorporating active remote sensing data to account for the 3D complexity of urban areas.

scholarly journals Perubahan lahan vegetasi berbasis citra satelit di DAS Citarum, Bandung, Jawa Barat

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Teguh Husodo ◽  
Yazid Ali ◽  
Siti Rodiatan Mardiyah ◽  
Sya Sya Shanida ◽  
Oekan S Abdoellah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Study Results

Abstrak DAS Citarum mengalami perubahan struktur lingkungan yang tinggi yang berakibat pada penurunan kualitas lingkungan, sehingga diperlukan gambaran mendetail mengenai kondisi perubahan lahan vegetasi di DAS Citarum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses perubahan luasan lahan vegetasi di DAS Citarum, Bandung, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data penginderaan jauh dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pemetaan perubahan penutupan vegetasi di DAS Citarum menggunakan data citra Landsat multitemporal dengan perangkat lunak QGIS. Pada pelaksanaan penelitian ini, beberapa tahapan yang dilakukan, diantaranya pengolahan awal citra satelit (pre-processing), pengolahan citra digital (image processing), verifikasi data citra (NDVI), dan analisis perubahan penutupan lahan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan luasan lahan vegetasi seluas 35% pada tahun 1989 – 2019 dengan rata-rata penyusutan luas lahan sebesar 0.64% setiap tahunnya dan penyusutan terbesar pada tahun 2006. Penyusutan lahan cenderung terjadi pada wilayah yang berbatasan dengan Kota Bandung, yang diperkirakan sebagai bagian dari pengembangan wilayah kota kedaerah sekitarnya dan hasil menunjukkan wilayah yang mengalami penyusutan terbesar merupakan kecamatan dengan luas wilayah relatif kecil dibandingkan dengan wilayah kecamatan lainnya seperti Cipatat (74%) dan Batujajar (83%). Meski demikian, selama periode tahun 1989 – 2019, beberapa kecamatan menunjukkan peningkatan luas lahan bervegetasi seperti Kecamatan Bojongsoang, Slawi, dan Tanjungsari. Kata kunci: Citra Satelit, Landsat, Penyusutan Lahan. Abstract The Citarum watershed undergoes a significant change in environmental structure, which results in a decrease in environmental quality, so a detailed description of the conditions of land change in vegetation in the Citarum watershed is needed. The main objective of this study: the process of changing the area of vegetation in the Citarum watershed, Bandung, West Java. This study uses remote sensing data with a quantitative approach. Mapping of land cover changes in the Citarum watershed uses multitemporal Landsat imagery with QGIS software. Several steps were carried out, including pre-processing, image processing, NDVI, and land cover change analysis. The study results show a decrease in the area of vegetation area of 35% in 1989 - 2019, with an average shrinkage of the land area of 0.64% annually and the most extensive shrinkage in 2006. Land shrinkage tends to occur in areas bordering Bandung City, which is estimated as part of the city's development to the surrounding area. The most extensive shrinkage areas are the districts with relatively small areas compared to other sub-districts such as Cipatat (74%) and Batujajar (83%). However, during the period 1989 - 2019, several sub-districts showed an increase in vegetated land areas, such as Bojongsoang, Slawi, and Tanjungsari Districts. 

scholarly journals MORPHOTECTONIC ANALYSIS OF SOUTHERN ARGOLIS PENINSULA (GREECE) BASED ON GROUND AND SATELLITE DATA BY GIS DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 516 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vassilopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
Terrain Analysis ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Western Area ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Active Tectonic ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Planation Surfaces

Southern Argolis Peninsula is an interesting Geological and Geomorphological area due to the variety of the geological structures and the interchange on the terrain. Ground and remote sensing data, relating to geology and tectonics, were compiled with terrain analysis data in a GIS data base, in order to perform morpho-tectonic analysis in the Southern Argolis Peninsula. Terrain analysis data were automatically produced by the specific software “PROANA” (based on ArcGIS). The main direction of Southern Argolis Terrain is E-W. The same direction is observed from the rose-diagrams of morphological discontinuities. The hydrographic network has a NW-SE main direction. The depositional planation surfaces (0-5%) that are located near the coast are related with neotectonic faults. The direction of the Faulting Zones is mainly ESE-WNW and E-W. The most active tectonic structures were observed to the southern and south-western area of Southern Argolis Peninsula, towards Kranidi and Argolikos Gulf.

scholarly journals FOREST COVER CHANGE ANALYSIS IN INNER MONGOLIA USING REMOTE SENSING DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 1951-1954
Author(s):  
S. Xie ◽  
J. Gong ◽  
X. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Forest Cover Change ◽  
Forest Change ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Forest Patches

Forest is the lung of the earth, and it has important effect on maintaining the ecological balance of the whole earth. This study was conducted in Inner Mongolia during the year 1990–2015. Land use and land cover data were used to obtain forest cover change of Inner Mongolia. In addition, protected area data, road data, ASTER GDEM data were combined with forest cover change data to analyze the relationship between them. Moreover, patch density and landscape shape index were calculated to analyze forest change in perspective of landscape aspect. The results indicated that forest area increased overall during the study period. However, a few cities still had a phenomenon of reduced forest area. Results also demonstrated that the construction of protected area had positive effect on protecting forest while roads may disturbed forest due to human activities. In addition, forest patches in most of cities of Inner Mongolia tended to be larger and less fragmented. This paper reflected forest change in Inner Mongolia objectively, which is helpful for policy making by government.

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