scholarly journals Methods for safety-related weighting and comparative assessment in the site selection process (MABeSt)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Gerd Frieling ◽  
Klaus Fischer-Appelt ◽  
Ute Maurer-Rurack ◽  
Thomas Beuth ◽  
Guido Bracke
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Landfill Site Selection ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Potential Applicability

Abstract. The Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (BASE) supervises the site selection process in Germany and in particular has the task to review the proposals made by the implementer (Federal Company for Radioactive Waste Disposal, BGE) for determining the siting regions and sites in accordance with §§ 14, 16 and 18 of the German Repository Site Selection Act (StandAG). To determine the siting regions from the sub-areas and the sites from the siting regions, it is likely that safety-related weighting of the results from the application of the geoscientific weighting criteria (§ 24 StandAG) and the application of the preliminary safety investigations (§ 27 StandAG) are necessary. In order to be able to assess and evaluate the proposals of the BGE with respect to the methodological procedure for determining the siting regions and sites, the research project “Methods for safety-related weighting and comparative assessment in the site selection process” (MABeSt) was initiated by BASE. The objective of the research project was to research and explain the state of the art in science and technology (S&T) with respect to safety-oriented weighting and comparative assessment methods and their potential applicability for the selection of siting regions and sites in the site selection process. The status of S&T for safety-oriented weighting and comparative assessment methods was examined and evaluated with respect to site selection procedures for repositories in Germany and abroad (e.g. Switzerland) and also to methodological approaches from other topics (e.g. landfill site selection). The site selection process represents a multicriteria decision problem, which means that methods from the research field of decision theory appear to be suitable. In particular, methods from the multiattribute decision making/aid (MADM) category were identified as suitable and their potential applicability was examined and evaluated. Specific challenges (e.g. data uncertainties, different scales of evaluation criteria) for the relevant procedural steps of the site selection process were taken into account. We present the results and conclusions of the project MABeSt (funding code/4718F13001) carried out by GRS gGmbH and initiated and funded by BASE.

scholarly journals Analysis of Multi-Criteria Evaluation Method of Landfill Site Selection for Municipal Solid Waste Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 02010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habiba Ibrahim Mohammed ◽  
Zulkepli Majid ◽  
Norhakim Bin Yusof ◽  
Yamusa Bello Yamusa
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Landfill Site ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Landfill Site Selection ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Selection For

Landfilling remains the most common systematic technique of solid waste disposal in most of the developed and developing countries. Finding a suitable site for landfill is a very challenging task. Landfill site selection process aims to provide suitable areas that will protect the environment and public health from pollution and hazards. Therefore, various factors such as environmental, physical, socio-economic, and geological criteria must be considered before siting any landfill. This makes the site selection process vigorous and tedious because it involves the processing of large amount of spatial data, rules and regulations from different agencies and also policy from decision makers. This allows the incorporation of conflicting objectives and decision maker preferences into spatial decision models. This paper particularly analyzes the multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) method of landfill site selection for solid waste management by means of literature reviews and surveys. The study will help the decision makers and waste management authorities to choose the most effective method when considering landfill site selection.

scholarly journals Odor-aided Analysis for Landfill Site Selection: Study of DOKAP Region, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Yildirim ◽  
Bayram Uzun ◽  
Tugba Memisoglu Baykal ◽  
Fatih Terzi ◽  
BURA ADEM ATASOY
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Landfill Site Selection ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
Environmental Disasters ◽  
Prevailing Wind Direction ◽  
Data Layers

Abstract In our world, with the increase of factors such as the rapid and irresponsible consumption of natural resources, man-made environmental disasters, global warming, and pollution of water resources, solid wastes have to be stored or disposed of more effectively. The presentation of the data required to solve spatial problems such as storage, management, and location selection can be carried out extensively and effectively using geographic information systems (GIS). On the other hand, the unsatisfactory results obtained with GIS recently have made it mandatory to use spatial multiple-criteria decision-making (S-MCDM) methods that include the decision-makers in the process. In this study, RSWSA site selection was carried out in eight cities under the responsibility of the Eastern Black Sea Project Regional Development Administration (DOKAP). A combination of GIS and S-MCDM was used in this site selection process. A total of eight data layers were used in the site selection application. Afterwards, storage areas determined as suitable via GIS analysis underwent additional evaluation, taking into account geological, seismic, and environmental factors as well as transportation costs. In addition to these multi-component evaluations, odor analyses were carried out on the proposed storage areas using the prevailing wind direction.

scholarly journals Towards best possible safety – current regulatory research for the German site selection process for high-level radioactive waste disposal

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Axel Liebscher ◽  
Christoph Borkel ◽  
Michael Jendras ◽  
Ute Maurer-Rurack ◽  
Carsten Rücker
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Abstract. The Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (BASE – Bundesamt für die Sicherheit der nuklearen Entsorgung) is the German federal regulatory authority for radioactive waste disposal. It supervises the German site selection process and is responsible for the accompanying public participation. Task related research is an integral part of BASE's activities. The projects MessEr and übErStand compiled the state-of-the-art science and technology regarding surface based exploration methods suitable for addressing the criteria and requirements specified in the German Site Selection Act. The results support BASE to review and define the surface-based exploration programs to be executed by the national implementer BGE (Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung mbH). To support BASE in reviewing the application of the exclusion criteria “active fault zones” according to the Site Selection Act, the project KaStör reviewed the current knowledge on active faults and fault zones in Germany and recommends methodological approaches to date and identify the activity of faulting. For the time being, the Site Selection Act defines 100 ∘C as a draft limit on the temperature at the outer surface of a repository container for all host rocks. The project Grenztemperatur studied the temperature dependency of the different thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical/biological (THMC/B) processes according to available features-events-processes (FEP) catalogues for rock salt, clay stone, and crystalline rock and describes ways to defining host rock specific maximum temperatures based on specific disposal and safety concepts. Safety oriented weighting of different criteria and comparison of different potential regions and sites are key challenges during the siting process. The project MABeSt studied and reviewed methodological approaches to this weighting and comparison problem with special emphasis on multi criteria analysis (MCA) and multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA). A key requirement for safe geological disposal of nuclear waste is barrier integrity. The project PeTroS performed the first triaxial flow-through experiments on natural rock salt samples at disposal relevant p−T conditions and studied potential percolation mechanisms of fluids within rock salt. The data substantiate that the minimum stress criterion and/or the dilatancy criterion are the prime “percolation thresholds” in rock salt. The research results support BASE in fulfilling its tasks as national regulator according to state-of-the-art science and technology and are also relevant to other stakeholders of the siting process.

Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen für die Suche nach einem Endlager für hochradioaktiven Abfall (HAW)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Emanuel
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Disposal Facility ◽  
Nuclear Phase ◽  
Phase Out

Producing nuclear energy inherently produces high active nuclear waste (HAW), which has to be disposed of properly and safely. Disposal of HAW represents an eternal burden of nuclear power – even after the German nuclear phase-out in 2022. This intergenerational challenge is a challenge for many more countries than just Germany. Up to date, in the whole world, there is not one operational disposal facility for HAW. The author deals with the constitutional requirements for the German Site Selection Process and the evaluation criteria derived from the constitution. Based on an international legal comparison, he finally develops recommendations concerning a further legal development of this process. The legal comparison particularly emphasizes Canada, Switzerland and Finland.

A Comprehensive Review of Environmental, Physical and Socio-Economic (EPSE) Criteria for Spatial Site Selection of Landfills in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 412-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zubaidah Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Sanusi S. Ahamad ◽  
Mohd Suffian Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Bench Mark ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Landfill Site Selection ◽  
Comprehensive Review

Location of municipal solid waste landfills in Malaysia has been attributed to causing bad odour, dust, litter, unattractive neighbourhoods, groundwater contamination, hazardous waste pollution and etc. Therefore, proper selection criteria are very important in preliminary siting of new landfill to avoid undesirable long-term effects. This article presents a comprehensive review of landfill spatial siting criteria and their frequency of occurrence (ranked order) found in literatures. The highest ranked criterion is the surface water and the lowest is climate/rainfall density. The dissimilarity in the criteria is found to be specifically influenced by published guidelines or policies from respective countries. In addition, group ranking of spatial criteria from frequency study made on Malaysian local literatures shows that wind factor and infrastructure (utilities) has never been considered in landfill site selection process here. These factors cannot be ignored because enhancing the condition of social, economic and environmental efficiency is part of promoting sustainable development. Subsequently, a benchmarking process of common environmental, physical and socio-economic (EPSE) criteria made with Malaysian landfill siting guideline; National Strategic Plan for Solid Waste Management and Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines for Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Treatment and Disposal Project. The bench mark process is useful for research references and its uniformity provides efficient site selection process in solid waste management.

scholarly journals A Model for Optimizing Location Selection for Biomass Energy Power Plants

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Nan Wang ◽  
Tsang-Ta Tsai ◽  
Ying-Fang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
Selection For

In addition to its potential for wave power, wind power, hydropower, and solar power, it can be said that Vietnam is a country with great potential for biomass energy derived from agricultural waste, garbage, and urban wastewater, which are resources widely available across the country. This huge amount of biomass, however, if left untreated, could become a major source of pollution and cause serious impacts on ecosystems (soil, water, and air), as well as on human health. In this research, the authors present a fuzzy multicriteria decision-making model (FMCDM) for optimizing the site selection process for biomass power plants. All of the criteria affecting location selection are identified by experts and literature reviews; in addition, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) method was utilized so as to identify the weight of all of the criteria in the second stage. Furthermore, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is applied for ranking potential locations in the final stage of this research. As a result, Long An (DMU/005) was found to be the best location for building biomass energy in Vietnam. The main contributions of this work include modeling the site selection decision process under fuzzy environment conditions. The proposed approaches also can address the complex problems in site selection; it is also a flexible design model for considering the evaluation criteria, and is applicable to location selection for other industries.

scholarly journals Management of high-level radioactive waste in Germany: roads from storage towards disposal – need and options for action

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 217-218
Author(s):  
Saleem Chaudry ◽  
Angelika Spieth-Achtnich ◽  
Wilhelm Bollingerfehr
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Final Disposal ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
The Road ◽  
High Level ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Interim Storage

Abstract. The road towards final disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HAW) produced in Germany requires extensive and foresighted management. To date, HAW has been stored in dual-purpose casks inside 15 interim storage facilities. Finally, it is disposed of in a deep geological repository. A site-selection process for this repository, taking into account the whole national territory, started in 2017. The road from interim storage to final disposal is not yet planned in detail: neither temporally nor spatially nor technically. Important parameters are still unknown. The last operating licenses of the existing interim storage facilities, originally built to last for up to 40 years, will end in 2047, and a concept for prolonged interim storage does not exist. The dates for the decision on the repository site and the start of its operation are plagued by uncertainties, as well as the development of safety concepts for different potential host rocks or knowledge on the long-time behavior of disused fuel assemblies during dry interim storage. According to the German site-selection law (Deutscher Bundestag, 2017) the siting decision for the final repository is planned to be made in 2031; Thomauske and Kudla (2016) drew up timelines for the site-selection process to end between 2059 and 2096. The research project WERA – Management of high-level radioactive waste in Germany: Roads from storage towards disposal – addressed these uncertainties through the development of different design options for the four main steps of the German road to disposal and of a variety of scenarios combining these steps, covering a broad range of potential future designs of the road to disposal. These scenarios have been analyzed in detail. Need for technical and political action along the road to final disposal has been identified. Options for action were named, and their preconditions and consequences were listed. The design options and the scenarios derived form the basis of societal discourse on the disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Thus, the research project WERA contributes toward the politically and societally active integration of the different disposal steps (interim storage, receiving storage facility, waste conditioning, and final disposal).

Towards best possible safety - Current regulatory research for the German site selection process for high-level radioactive waste disposal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Liebscher ◽  
Christoph Borkel ◽  
Ute Maurer-Rurack ◽  
Michael Jendras
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
High Level

<p>The German Site Selection Act (Standortauswahlgesetz – StandAG) defines the search for and selection of the national German site with best possible safety for a disposal facility for high-level radioactive waste. The Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (BASE) is the federal regulatory authority for radioactive waste disposal. BASE supervises the site selection process for a repository for high-level radioactive waste and is responsible for the accompanying public participation. To fulfill its tasks according to the state of science and technology, task related research forms an integral part of BASEs activities. Current research activities in the context of the site selection process address geoscientific questions, methodological aspects of the implementation of the site selection process, and public participation aspects. This contribution provides an overview on the current geoscientific and methodological research activities of BASE.</p><p>According to § 16 StandAG , the national implementer (Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung  mbH) has to execute surface-based exploration and BASE has to review and define the respective exploration program. Therefore, the two projects <em>MessEr</em> and <em>übErStand</em> compiled state of science and technology with regard to surface based exploration methods. The foci were on methods suitable for addressing the criteria and requirements set out in the German Site Selection Act.</p><p>The project <em>KaStör</em> reviewed the current knowledge on active faults and fault zones in Germany and studied methodological approaches to date and identify the activity of faulting. The results support BASE to review the application of the exclusion criteria for areas with “active faults zones” according to § 22 (2) StandAG.</p><p>For the time being, § 27 (4) StandAG defines 100 °C as precautionary maximum temperature at the outer surface of waste canisters for all host rocks. The project <em>Grenztemperatur</em> compiled and studied the temperature dependency of the different THMC/B processes according to available FEP catalogues for rock salt, clay stone, and crystalline rock. The project also identified open and pending research questions and describes ways to define host rock specific maximum temperatures based on specific disposal and safety concepts.</p><p>During the site selection process, safety oriented weighting of different criteria and comparison of different potential regions and sites have to be performed. The project <em>MaBeSt</em> studied and reviewed methodological approaches to this weighting and comparison problem with special emphasis on multi criteria analysis (MCA) and multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA).</p><p>Key requirement for safe geological disposal of nuclear waste is barrier integrity. The project <em>PeTroS</em> experimentally studied potential percolation mechanisms of fluids within rock salt at isotropic conditions at disposal relevant pressures and temperatures.</p>

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