scholarly journals Disgraced of the West, Deserted of the East: Men in the Films Shame and Issız Adam (Alone)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 424-455
Author(s):  
Selen Gökçem Akyıldız
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Sex Addiction ◽  
The West ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Adult Romantic Attachment ◽  
Different Cultures

Apart from being shot in almost the same decades, Shame (Steve McQueen, 2011) and Issız Adam (Çağan Irmak, 2008) have other analogies that require to study on. Even though both men live in different cultures and have different relationship models, they struggle in life concurrently. While Steve McQueen’s Shame focuses on uncompromising sex addiction that overthrows a man’s life, Çağan Irmak’s Issız Adam takes it on a romantic level and presents a lonely man who cannot attach women. Though it seems an ordinary attachment problem on the surface, both men have deep social, sexual, familial problems that force them to be left alone. In consideration of adult romantic attachment theory of Hazan and Shaver (1987), both male characters will be examined under the topics of adult loneliness and love, romantic incest and sex addiction to analyze the reasons and the results of the bond that both male characters cannot have built. 

scholarly journals Adult Romantic Attachment, Electronic Messaging, and Relationship Quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prit Patel ◽  
Elizabeth Mahar ◽  
Gregory D. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Electronic Communication ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Attachment Relationship ◽  
Adult Romantic Attachment ◽  
Romantic Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Electronic Messaging

The present study examined associations among adult romantic attachment, relationship quality, and electronic messaging frequency/preferences in 302 romantically-partnered undergraduates. Satisfaction with partner’s messaging frequency positively related to one’s own relationship quality. Anxious people desired more frequent messages than they received, whereas avoidant people desired less frequent messages than they received. Anxious people sent more messages to their partners than they received, whereas avoidant people received more messages than they sent. Additionally, anxious people took less time to respond to their partner than their partners took to respond to them, whereas avoidant people took more time to respond to their partner than their partners did to respond to them. We discuss implications for attachment theory, romantic relationship satisfaction, and electronic communication.

The Impact of Culture on Reactions to Promise Breaches: Differences Between East and West in Behavioral Integrity Perceptions

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Friedman ◽  
Ying-Yi Hong ◽  
Tony Simons ◽  
Shu-Cheng (Steve) Chi ◽  
Se-Hyung (David) Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
The West ◽  
Behavioral Integrity ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
East And West ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Behavioral integrity (BI)—a perception that a person acts in ways that are consistent with their words—has been shown to have an impact on many areas of work life. However, there have been few studies of BI in Eastern cultural contexts. Differences in communication style and the nature of hierarchical relationships suggest that spoken commitments are interpreted differently in the East and the West. We performed three scenario-based experiments that look at response to word–deed inconsistency in different cultures. The experiments show that Indians, Koreans, and Taiwanese do not as readily revise BI downward following a broken promise as do Americans (Study 1), that the U.S.–Indian difference is especially pronounced when the speaker is a boss rather than a subordinate (Study 2), and that people exposed to both cultures adjust perceptions of BI based on the cultural context of where the speaking occurs (Study 3).

Feminist Occidentalist Discourse in ‘Shehrazad Goes West: Different Cultures, Different Harems’ by Fatima Mernissi

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-46
Author(s):  
Bitari Wissam
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Hegemonic Discourse ◽  
Fatima Mernissi ◽  
Democratic Discourse ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Postcolonial Feminist

Occidental discourses tend to revise orientalist images about the orient. Many authors have taken the responsibility of giving a new voice to the occident and among those is Fatima Mernissi. In this regard, this paper aims at discussing the shift that has marked the writings of Fatima Mernissi with a particular focus on her book, ‘Shehrazad Goes West: Different Cultures, Different Harems’. It is undeniable that Fatima Mernissi‘s thoughts have known a radical change in terms of ideology and discourse. ‘Shehrazad Goes West’ seems to promote an Occidentalist discourse that isn’t based on appropriating orientalist rhetorical images of the orient but rather on revising/ reconsidering the tropes of essentialism, dehumanization and fixity that Orientalist texts usually opt for. From an auto-orientalist discourse that Mernissi advocated in her narrative Dreams of Trespass, we move to another discourse that manifests itself in ‘Shehrazad Goes West’, which is Occidentalism. In this article, based on a postcolonial feminist approach, I argue that Fatima Mernissi uses another approach of occidentalism in her construction of Western gender relations and the space of Western Harem. Instead of constructing a counter-hegemonic discourse to orientalism that based on misrepresenting the “other” and denying their voices, Eastern representation of the West in ‘Shehrazad Goes West’ does not keep with the same rhetoric of orientalism; rather it dismantles that logic which victimized people of the East and replaces it with a humane vocabulary. Moreover, the Occidentalist approach appropriated in the book does not only target the occident but also the orient resulting on what Abdelkbir Khatibi calls “double critiques”. The significance of this paper lies in highlighting such a potentially inclusive and democratic discourse that would counterbalance the politics of othering inherent in the discourse of orientalism.

scholarly journals SOM E FÉ: DA PRÁTICA COMUNITÁRIA RELIGIOSA PARA A COMPLEXIDADE DO PENSAMENTO MUSICAL ERUDITO DO ÚLTIMO QUARTEL DO SÉC. XX

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
José Luís Postiga
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
The West ◽  
Communicative Practice ◽  
Musical Concepts ◽  
Musical Works ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Western Classical Music

When faced with the artistic-musical concepts developed in the second half of the twentieth century, it is common to observe them from the perspective of the scientific advances they have promoted or resulted from, the abstract organizations in which they are based, the aesthetic principles they create or and almost always fall within the individuality of the interpretation present in the creative act and its representativeness, regardless of the support in which it presents itself. Paradoxically, some of the main classical musical works written in the last quarter of the twentieth century resulted from the musicological study and/or musical representation of concepts, rites, religious practices representative of different cultures of the West and especially the East. In this sense, throughout the present article will be addressed works by composers of Western classical music, such as the case of Jonathan Harvey and Tristan Murail, characteristics of the musical currents that fit, from serialism to spectralism, as well as acoustic and electronic casts, which result. reinterpretations of religious practices of Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as sound behaviors of the communicative practice of peoples, such as the songs and instruments of Tibet and Mongolia.

scholarly journals Psychological Effects of Rhythmic Entrainment and Trance Experience: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
The West ◽  
Brain Waves ◽  
Basic Ability ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Fundamental Mechanism

Synchronization to music is a basic ability for humans and the key component of synchronization is to entrain a particular rhythm. EEG studies show that when we synchronize with a rhythm, our brain waves also synchronize. From this view, trance can be a state of consciousness that is a result of rhythmic entrainment of brain waves. It is known that Shamans perform a ceremony with drums and experience trance for centuries. Although using rhythm to mediate trance goes back to Shamanism, it is also a part of different cultures. Trance experience continues its existence with psychedelic trance dance in the West and also with dhikr and Sama in the East world. If we define the term of “trance” as “a state of wajd”, experiences of Shaman rituals, psychedelic dance and dhikr are similar, because of using rhythm as a mediator. In this review, comparison of the trance experiences shows that the psychological effects of rhythmic entrainment point to a fundamental mechanism beyond cultural differences. Keywords Rhythmic entrainment, synchronization, trance

Couples’ prenatal bonding to the fetus and the association with one's own and partner's emotional well-being and adult romantic attachment style

Midwifery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 102549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Göbel ◽  
Claus Barkmann ◽  
Petra Arck ◽  
Kurt Hecher ◽  
Michael Schulte-Markwort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adult Romantic Attachment ◽  
Prenatal Bonding

The Family-Couple-Parenting Questionnaire

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 957-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Leonilde Carli ◽  
Elena Anzelmo ◽  
Elisa Gatti ◽  
Alessandra Santona ◽  
Stefania Pozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Reported Study ◽  
Attachment Experience ◽  
Nomological Validity

This work describes the construction of family-couple-parenting (FCP) questionnaire, a new measure of three aspects related to the developmental path toward parenting choices, within the perspective of the family life cycle and attachment theory. Two studies are reported. Study 1 reports the development of the FCP questionnaire and its psychometric properties. Study 2 assesses the FCP’s nomological validity by investigating group differences on FCP factors and links between FCP factors and romantic attachment (experience in close relationships–revised) and recalled parental bonding (parental bonding instrument). Participants were 791 Italian participants: 405 young adults (203 students, 202 workers) and 193 couples (91 childless-by-choice, 102 parents-to-be). The results suggest that the FCP’s stable psychometric structure and strong theoretical basis make FCP a useful instrument for research related to the path to parenthood.

Culturally sensitive assessment of depression from a psychometric perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2140-2140
Author(s):  
A. Qureshi ◽  
F. Collazos ◽  
H.-W. Revollo ◽  
M. Casas
Keyword(s):  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Item Bias ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
The West ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Response Item ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Different Cultures

A significant challenge in the culturally sensitive use of psychological and psychiatric instruments for depression is “bias”. Bias means that there is a lack of equivalence: Variation in the score is a result not of variation in the disorder or presence of the symptom in question but rather is due to “cultural factors”. Construct bias is perhaps the most complex of all, and is related to the very manner in which depression is understood. Psychological and psychiatric diagnostic and screening instruments delimit the very “nature” of depression, and fall prey to both false positives and false negatives when assessing individuals from cultures in which the experience and expression of depression is distinct from that found in the West. Equally complex are both method and item bias. In the former, the very method used—for example, a horizontal Likert-like scale—is responded to differentially across cultures, thus resulting in variance that is due not to variations in the presence of symptom but rather the manner of response. Item bias occurs when the item in question is understood in different ways in different cultures. Finally, there is concern about basic issues surround norms, cut-off scores and the like, in as much as the lack of equivalence indicates that results must be interpreted in accordance with population specific norms. Depression diagnostic and screening instruments and their items will be selectively reviewed to demonstrate the presence of bias, and concrete suggestions will be presented to achieve a more culturally sensitive assessment process.

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