scholarly journals Heavy-mineral derived provenance study of Quaternary sediments of the Mazovian Lowland, Central Poland

Baltica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Edyta Kalińska-Nartiša ◽  
Māris Nartišs
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Provenance Study ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Aeolian Process ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Clastic Sediments ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
Geological Conditions

This study makes an attempt to characterise Quaternary sediments in terms of their heavy minerals (HM) composition. Authors focus on the Mazovian Lowland, Central Poland, where a number of clastic sediments of different age and origin overlap. Five sedimentary settings, covering the Saalian-Holocene (MIS 1-6) time frame, have been studied to reveal whether these sediments have single or multiple source areas and to decipher sediment transformations. In the glacial setting either garnet- or amphibole-dominated sediments occur. This unequivocal mineral combination likely reflects a multi-sourcing resulting from multi-directional ice advance. The HM taken from fan-like forms and aeolian sediments are closely related; these sediments are largely multicyclic and likely derived from pre-existing recycling sediments. Similar mineral suite is also typical for long-lasting aeolian processes and is observed in dune sediments. Ultrastable components are less frequent in the coversand, which points at a shorter-lived aeolian process. Finally, the fluvial setting reveals multi-sourcing largely depending on local geological conditions.

Comparing a new paleomap of European loess landscapes to an atmospheric dust circulation model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina J. (Bösken) Nett ◽  
Frank Lehmkuhl ◽  
Erik J. Schaffernicht ◽  
Stephan Pötter ◽  
Philipp Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

<p>Loess is an important archive of environmental change covering approximately 10% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface. Numerous studies have analyzed loess deposits and in particular loess-paleosol sequences. To analyze these sequences, it is important to know the spatial distribution of aeolian sediments, their location relative to potential source areas, and the geomorphology of the sink area. We investigated these aspects by compiling a new map of aeolian sediments in Europe using highly resolved geodata from 27 countries (Lehmkuhl et al., in press). To determine the most relevant factors for the European loess distribution, we further mapped potential source areas and divided the map into different facies domains. We analyzed the geomorphological and paleoenvironmental effects on the deposition and preservation of Late Pleistocene loess. Finally, the geodata-based results were compared with results obtained from high-resolved regional numerical climate-dust experiments for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Europe, which were performed with the LGM-adapted Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem-LGM; Schaffernicht et al., 2020).  Complementing the mapping-based findings with the WRF-Chem-LGM experiments results in an improved understanding of the Late Pleistocene loess landscape in Europe.</p><p> </p><p>References:</p><p>Lehmkuhl, F., Nett, J.J., Pötter, S., Schulte, P., Sprafke, T., Jary, Z., Antoine, P., Wacha, L., Wolf, D., Zerboni, A., Hošek, J., Marković, S.B., Obreht, I., Sümegi, P., Veres, D., Zeeden, C., Boemke, B., Schaubert, V., Viehweger, J., Hambach, U. (in press). Loess landscapes of Europe – Mapping, geomorphology, and zonal differentiation. Earth-Science Reviews. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103496</p><p>Schaffernicht, E.J., Ludwig, P., Shao, Y., 2020. Linkage between dust cycle and loess of the last Glacial Maximum in Europe. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, 4969–4986. Doi:10.5194/acp-20-4969-2020.</p>

Heavy minerals as a guide to turbidite provenance in the Lower Palaeozoic Southern Welsh Basin: a pilot study

1992 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Morton ◽  
J. R. Davies ◽  
R. A. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Distinct Source ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
Heavy Mineral Analysis

AbstractA pilot study has demonstrated that heavy mineral analysis is a useful guide to the provenance of Silurian turbidites in the Southern Welsh Basin. The results confirm the sedimentological evidence for two distinct source areas of coarse clastic detritus, one lying to the south and the other to the east. They also provide mineralogical criteria by which the two source areas may be distinguished. The southern area provided material with relatively low mineral diversity, and is characteristic in having low rutile/zircon ratios, whereas the eastern source provided more diverse assemblages, generally with high rutile/zircon ratios. The southern source shows variations in terms of apatite/tourmaline ratio, with the older Aberystwyth Grits Group tending to contain relatively low apatite compared with the younger Cwmystwyth Grits Group (Rhuddnant and Pysgotwr Grits formations). There is evidence for polycyclic material and volcanic detritus in both southerly and easterly derived samples; however, easterly-sourced sandstones apparently tapped a more lithologically-diverse terrain.

Recognition of a Cretaceous outlier in northwestern Ontario

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre A. Zippi ◽  
Andrew F. Bajc
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Clastic Sediments ◽  
Angiosperm Pollen ◽  
Mineral Analyses

Borehole F-88-33, located near Rainy River, Ontario, intersected Cretaceous nonmarine clastic sediments. This is the first documented occurrence in Ontario of Cretaceous sediments associated with the western interior. Lithologie and heavy-mineral analyses were used to differentiate this unit from the overlying Quaternary sediments. Seventy-five species of fossil angiosperm pollen, gymnosperm pollen, spores, megaspores, and algal cysts were recovered from borehole F-88-33 and used to date the pre-Quaternary sediments as late Albian to early Cenomanian. The occurrence of these nonmarine sediments in northwestern Ontario helps to better define the limits of Cretaceous sedimentation in the western interior.

scholarly journals Atmospheric significance of aeolian salts in the sandy deserts of northwestern China

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 3409-3440
Author(s):  
B.-Q. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Atmospheric Depositions ◽  
Aeolian Deposits ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Closed Systems

Abstract. Large sandy deserts in the middle latitudes of northwestern China were investigated for soluble salt variations in modern and ancient aeolian sediments, aiming to explore the environmental significance of "aeolian salts". Results revealed that aeolian salt variations have a clear relationship with the changing meridional and zonal gradients of the desert locations and the aeolian differentiation effect, but are weakly linked to local geological conditions. It suggests that the natural system of aeolian salts is hydrologically open and the chemistry of the parent brines are different from that predicted for hydrologically closed systems. Atmospheric depositions of water-soluble chemical species are an important process/source contributing to aeolian salt. Sequential variations of soluble salts in sedimentary profiles interbedded with aeolian and non-aeolian deposits and their palaeoenvironmental implications in the hinterland areas of these deserts were further evaluated, based on the constraints of OSL dating and radiocarbon dating data. The results indicate that the inorganic salts may be a latent geoproxy in revealing regional palaeoclimatic changes in desert areas for the sediments deposited under onefold depositional environment, but the interpretation should be more careful for the sediments deposited under diverse depositional conditions. This study presents the evidence of atmospheric origin of aeolian salt in sandy deserts, with limited climatic significance in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.

scholarly journals Heavy-mineral provenance signatures during the infill and uplift of a foreland basin: An example from the Jaca basin (southern Pyrenees, Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1747-1769
Author(s):  
Xavier Coll ◽  
David Gómez-Gras ◽  
Marta Roigé ◽  
Antonio Teixell ◽  
Salva Boya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
The North ◽  
Sediment Routing ◽  
Central Pyrenees

ABSTRACT In the Jaca foreland basin (southern Pyrenees), two main sediment routing systems merge from the late Eocene to the early Miocene, providing an excellent example of interaction of different source areas with distinct petrographic signatures. An axially drained fluvial system, with its source area located in the eastern Central Pyrenees, is progressively replaced by a transverse-drained system that leads to the recycling of the older turbiditic foredeep. Aiming to provide new insights into the source-area evolution of the Jaca foreland basin, we provide new data on heavy-mineral suites, from the turbiditic underfilled stage to the youngest alluvial-fan systems of the Jaca basin, and integrate the heavy-mineral signatures with available sandstone petrography. Our results show a dominance of the ultrastable Ap-Zrn-Tur-Rt assemblage through the entire basin evolution. However, a late alluvial sedimentation stage brings an increase in other more unstable heavy minerals, pointing to specific source areas belonging to the Axial and the North Pyrenean Zone and providing new insights into the response of the heavy-mineral suites to sediment recycling. Furthermore, we assess the degree of diagenetic overprint vs. provenance signals and infer that the loss of unstable heavy minerals due intrastratal dissolution is negligible at least in the Peña Oroel and San Juan de la Peña sections. Finally, we provide new evidence to the idea that during the late Eocene the water divide of the transverse drainage system was located in the North Pyrenean Zone, and areas constituted by the Paleozoic basement were exposed in the west-Central Pyrenees at that time. Our findings provide new insights into the heavy-mineral response in recycled foreland basins adjacent to fold-and-thrust belts.

scholarly journals ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES OF THE SITE (MICRODISTRICT "MASANY" IN CHERNIHIV) BETWEEN THE KRASNOSELSKY AND GLEBOV STREETS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF MULTI-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

2019 ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Ivanyshyn ◽  
◽  
Viktor Buhay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Soil Sediment ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Neogene Sediments ◽  
Second Category

Relevance of the topic. Engineering-geological researches for the construction of any object obligatory therefore are always relevant. Formulation of the problem. The distribution, thickness and lithology of Quaternary sediments on the territory of Chernihiv often change by area in the incision (on depth), what is dangerous in the construction of various buildings or structures. To provide the fastness of constructed objects, it is necessary to study in detail the geological conditions of construction before the start of the construction. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Publications that relate to the topic of the article are missing. Emphasizing of previously unexplored parts of a common problem. A common complex problem that is not sufficiently solved for the territory of Chernihiv, Chernihiv region is the distribution, thickness and lithology of the Quaternary sediments. Statement of a task. Detailed researches of the geological structure of the site in microdistrict "Masany" in Chernihiv between the Krasnoselsky and Glebov streets (to Andrusenko Street) for the construction of multi-storey residential buildings. Statement of the main material. According to geomorphological features, the site of work is located on the Chernigov-Gorodnya moreno-zander plain. The geological incision of the site to a depth of 18 m is composed of modern man-made, upper- and mid-Quaternary, Neogene sediments. In it, according to the results of drilling, static sounding and laboratory research, 11 engineering-geological elements were identified. The area of research on the complexity of engineering and geological conditions belongs to the second category. Conclusions according to the article. According to the results of the studies performed, it has been established that the thickness of the soil (sediment) in the section and in area is not uniform. Soils IGE-3-6 subside with additional loads. Groundwater, which is located at a depth of 4.2 - 8.1 m, during intense precipitation and melting snow can rise to a depth of 1.4 m. When designing buildings and structures, there is possibility of flooding of the territory therefore, it is necessary to provide for waterproofing foundations and basements, water regulation of surface runoff, arrangement of water-carrying communications in order to prevent water losses. Water is non-aggressive to all brands of concrete and cement, reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures.

scholarly journals Provenance of Aeolian Sediments in the Ordos Deserts and Its Implication for Weathering, Sedimentary Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxiang Chen ◽  
Zhibao Dong ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Weikang Shi ◽  
Tianjie Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Mu Us Sandy Land ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Aeolian Sands

Identifying the provenance of aeolian deposits in semi-arid zones of China is beneficial in understanding Earth’s surface processes and helping to alleviate ecological stress. In this paper, we use grain-size, geochemical elements, heavy-minerals, and quartz grain morphology data to investigate the potential source of aeolian sands from the Ordos Deserts (Mu Us Sandy Land and Hobq Desert). Sedimentological, geochemical and geomorphological results indicate that significant provenance differences exist among various parts of the Mu Us Sandy Land, i.e., aeolian sediments from the southwest region are obviously distinct from other areas in the Mu Us Sandy Land but show the same external provenance with the Hobq Desert referring to the sorting, mineralogical maturity, geochemical characteristics, heavy-minerals, and quartz grain morphology. Comparing the samples from the Ordos Deserts with felsic rocks from potential sources via a serious of geochemical methods, we conclude that: 1) Aeolian sands from other regions of the Mu Us are a mixture of binary provenance, i.e., one originated from local lacustrine sediments and underlying sandstones, and another from the Alxa Plateau (AP) carried by northwesterly Asian winter monsoon. 2) The fluvial deposits denuded from the Qilian Orogenic Belt in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau (NTP) and carried by the Yellow River are likely the initial material source for the southwest region of the Mu Us Sandy Land and the Hobq Desert. 3) The Yellow River plays a significant and critical role in sediment transport for sand seas in arid and semi-arid areas of northern China.

scholarly journals Natural compositional variation of the river Meuse (Maas) suspended load: a 13 ka bulk geochemical record from the upper Kreftenheye and Betuwe Formations in northern Limburg

2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Tebbens ◽  
A. Veldkamp ◽  
S.B. Kroonenberg
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Suspended Load ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Compositional Variation ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Geological Unit

AbstractUnambiguously pristine and largely unpolluted sediments from the Late Weichselian and Holocene infillings of the Meuse residual channels in northern Limburg (the Netherlands) have been sampled to determine the natural compositional variation of the river’s suspended load.Bulk geochemical and granulometric analyses demonstrate that about 70% of the variation can be ascribed to hydrodynamic mineral sorting. Clay- and fine silt-sized phyllosilicates are the most important deterministic features, hosting the bulk of AI2O3, TiO2, K2O, MgO and trace element variability (notably Ba, Cr, Ga, Rb and V). Quartz is abundant in the fine and coarse sand fractions. Na2O and the Zr-Nb-Nd-Y quartet relate to albitic feldspars and heavy minerals, respectively, in the coarse silt fraction. The granulometry should therefore be quantified if geochemical baseline data for a particular geological unit or region are drawn up and for the evaluation of potentially polluted sediments.Although provenance has not changed, the composition of Meuse sediments cannot be considered constant over a time frame of 1000–10,000 years, due to climatic change. Weathering of phyllosilicates in both interstadial and interglacial soil environments and changing relative source-area contributions alter the detrital clay-mineral supply to raise the AI2O3 and lower the K2O and MgO contents in Holocene Meuse sediments. Early diagenetic siderite and vivianite formation in gyttjas causes relative accumulations of Fe2O3, MnO, P2O5, Co, Ni and notably Zn above the phyllosilicate background values. These accumulations are natural and show that sediments with elevated trace metal contents are not necessarily polluted. Very early atmospheric pollution in relation to ore mining and smelting activities in the Roman era, however, probably caused elevated Pb contents in Subatlantic humic clays and peat samples, long before the historic pollution of the Industrial Revolution started.The A12O3, Fe2O3 and CaO contents are used to predict the trace-element values as a function of sample granulometry, siderite/vivianite and lime content, respectively. As such, they can provide a sound basis for environmental researchers to determine baseline values of heavy metals in bulk samples of fine-grained fluvial sediments.

scholarly journals Atmospheric significance of aeolian salts in the sandy deserts of northwestern China

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-Q. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Atmospheric Depositions ◽  
Aeolian Deposits ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Desert Areas

Abstract. Large sandy deserts in the middle latitudes of northwestern China were investigated for soluble salt variations in modern and ancient aeolian sediments, aiming to explore the environmental significance of “aeolian salts”. Results revealed that aeolian salt variations have a clear relationship with the changing meridional and zonal gradients of the desert locations and the aeolian differentiation effect, but are weakly linked to local geological conditions. Atmospheric depositions of water-soluble chemical species are an important process/source contributing to aeolian salt. Sequential variations of soluble salts in sedimentary profiles interbedded with aeolian and non-aeolian deposits and their palaeoenvironmental implications in the hinterland areas of these deserts were further evaluated, based on the constraints of OSL dating and radiocarbon dating data. The results indicate that inorganic salts may be a latent geoproxy in revealing regional palaeoclimatic changes in desert areas for sediments deposited under a single depositional environment, but the interpretation should be more cautious for sediments deposited under diverse depositional conditions. This study presents evidence of the atmospheric origin of aeolian salt in sandy deserts, with limited climatic significance in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.

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