scholarly journals GENETIC SELECTION OF Pinus taeda L. THROUGH MULTI-ENVIRONMENT TRIAL

FLORESTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ishibashi ◽  
Paulo César Flôres Junior ◽  
Diego Tyszka Martinez ◽  
Antonio Rioyei Higa
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Mahalanobis Distances ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Number Of Individuals

The aim of this study is to select progenies of Pinus taeda through multi-environmental trial to establish clonal seed orchards and advance breeding–program generations. Progeny test was carried out with 53 open-pollinated families planted in four different locations. The study followed a randomized block statistical design, with seven replications in linear plots planted with six plants each. DBH variable was measured in individuals at the age of nine years. All estimates were carried out in Selegen REML/BLUP® software. Genotype x environment interaction was detected; therefore, it required the definition of two breeding zones to minimize its effects. The genetic basis of the assessed population is restricted. Families were distributed into nine different groups, based on genetic divergence analysis, and grouping through the Tocher method, by using Mahalanobis distances. Based on the results, and by taking into consideration the balance between variability maintenance and genetic gains, it is recommended to establish a clonal seed orchard with 50 selected individuals in the experiment, based on a limited number of individuals per family. Intraspecific crossing between divergent families can also be used to increase heterosis and genetic variability in the assessed population.

scholarly journals CRESCIMENTO JUVENIL DE Pinus taeda EM FUNÇÃO DO ESPAÇO VITAL DE CRESCIMENTO

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Takao Inoue ◽  
Afonso Figueiredo Filho ◽  
Antonio José de Araújo ◽  
Rodrigo Lima
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Branch Diameter ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
Branch Growth ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Avaliou-se o desempenho de Pinus taeda L. aos quatro anos de idade, plantado em diferentes espaçamentos, simulando espaços vitais entre 1 m² e 16 m². O experimento foi implantado em 2002, com mudas de Pinus taeda L. produzidas com sementes de pomar clonal. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições e nove tratamentos (espaçamentos 1,0 x 1,0; 2,0 x 1,0; 2,0 x 2,0; 3,0 x 2,5; 3,0 x 3,0; 3,0 x 3,5; 4,0 x 3,0; 4,0 x 3,5; 4,0 x 4,0 m), constituídos por 25 mudas e uma linha de bordadura. Não foram significantes as correlações entre espaço vital e altura, nem entre espaço vital e DAP. O diâmetro dos ramos, entretanto, está correlacionado com o espaço vital. Existe correlação entre altura e DAP e entre DAP e diâmetro de ramos. A altura das árvores variou entre 4,08 m e 4,60 m, e o DAP entre 5,65 cm e 7,69 cm. Não se detectou diferenças significantes no crescimento da altura e do DAP. O espaço vital afetou o crescimento dos ramos, cujos diâmetros variaram entre 11,45 mm e 19,01 mm. Quanto maior o espaço vital, maiores os diâmetros dos ramos.Palavras-chave: Espaçamento; diâmetro de ramos; desrama. AbstractGrowth of Pinus taeda at early age as function of the growing space. It was evaluated the growth of four years old Pinus taeda L. planted at nine different spacings (1.0 x 1.0; 2.0 x 1.0; 2.0 x 2.0; 3.0 x 2.5; 3.0 x 3.0; 3.0 x 3.5; 4.0 x 3.0; 4.0 x 3.5; 4.0 x 4.0 m), simulating vital spaces ranging from 1 m² to 16 m². The trial was established in 2002 with seedlings of Pinus taeda L. originated from a clonal seed orchard. It was used randomized blocks with five replications, each plot with 25 seedlings, excluding a border line. There were no significant correlation between growing space and height or between growing space and DBH. The diameter of branches was correlated with growing space. Positive correlations were obtained between height and DBH and between branch diameter and DBH. Tree height ranged from 4.08 m to 4.60 m and the DBH from 5.65 cm e 7.69 cm and there were no significant differences for both variables. The growing space affected branch growth. Larger growing spaces resulted in larger branch diameter. Branch diameters ranged from 11.45 mm to 19.01 mm.Keywords: Spacing; diameter of branches; pruning.

Analysis of a Virginia Pine Seed Source Trial in the Interior South

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
John Talbert ◽  
Gordon White ◽  
Charles Webb
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
South Central ◽  
Stem Straightness ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Better Than

Abstract In a comparison of three diverse seed sources of improved Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana Mill.) planted at two locations in north Alabama and south-central Tennessee, only stem straightness differences were statistically significant at six years of age. Families and seed sources tended to maintain the same ranking relative to each other at both locations. A majority of families performed significantly better than a Virginia pine commercial check lot, indicating substantial improvement in growth and straightness characteristics in one generation of selection. Two improved loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seed orchard mixes from the South Carolina Piedmont showed a 27-percent height advantage over the Virginia pine at age 6.

Flower Stimulation Treatments in a Loblolly Pine Seed Orchard

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Wheeler ◽  
D. L. Bramlett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
A Site

Abstract Flowering in conifer seed orchards may be sporadic and insufficient to meet reforestation needs at early ages. Consequently, considerable effort has been made to develop cultural treatments to enhance flowering in operational seed orchards. For a number of species, flower-promoting technology is well-defined. This study evaluated two known technologies, currently in use for other species, for flower-promoting effects in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). A replicated experiment was installed in a 10-year-old, second-generation loblolly pine seed orchard at Lyons, GA. Overlapping, saw-cut girdles and stem-injected GA4/7 were applied alone, and in combination, to main boles of ramets of four clones. Timing of treatments was evaluated using four treatment dates. All treatments significantly enhanced female flower production, relative to controls, although girdling was clearly the most effective single treatment. There was no treatment effect on pollen production. Timing of treatment is important but may require evaluation on a site-by-site basis. Tree health 1 year after treatment was excellent, although clonal sensitivity to some treatments was noted. Use of flower stimulation techniques is recommended, particularly for younger loblolly pine orchards. South J. Appl. For. 15(1):44-50.

scholarly journals Systemic Insecticide Injections for Control of Cone and Seed Insects in Loblolly Pine Seed Orchards—2 Year Results

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Grosman ◽  
William W. Upton ◽  
Frank A. McCook ◽  
Ronald F. Billings
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Systemic Insecticide ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Cone And Seed Insects ◽  
Seed Insects

Abstract Three systemic insecticide treatments, emamectin benzoate alone, imidacloprid alone, and a combination of emamectin benzoate and thiamethoxam, were injected one or two times into loblolly pine,Pinus taeda L., during a 2 yr period in a seed orchard in east Texas. Single injections of treatments containing emamectin benzoate reduced coneworm (Dioryctria spp.) damage by 94–97% during the study period. A second injection after 1 yr did not improve protection. Imidacloprid also significantly reduced coneworm damage in 1999, but not in 2000. Significant reductions in damage from pine seed bugs (Tetyra bipunctata Say andLeptoglossus corculus Herrich-Schaffer) and an increase in the number of full seeds per cone resulted from imidacloprid and thiamethoxam treatments and to a lesser extent from emamectin benzoate. Yearly injections of imidacloprid or thiamethoxam were required to maintain protection against seed bugs. The best overall treatment, two injections of emamectin benzoate plus thiamethoxam, reduced cone and seed losses from insects by 86%. South. J. Appl. For. 26(3):146–152.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPIC MODELS OF COMPETITION FOR Pinus taeda L GENETIC PARAMETERS ESTIMATION

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-358
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ishibashi ◽  
Diego Tyszka Martinez ◽  
Antonio Rioyei Higa
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Parameters Estimation ◽  
Progeny Test ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Residual Variation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the phenotypic models of competition, through spatial analysis in the genetic evaluation of Pinus taeda L progenies. For this, four competition covariates were used to adjust the phenotypic values in a P. taeda progeny test installed in four different locations in the state of Santa Catarina. The test was implemented in randomized block design, with seven repetitions, linear plots containing six plants per plot in 2.5 m x 2.0 m spacing. The test installed in sites A, B, and D present 63 families and site C 53 families. At nine years old, the diameter at the breast height was measured for all individuals. The presence or absence of competition was based on the residual autocorrelation coefficients, which had its significance tested by the Durbin-Watson test. In general, the use of covariates corrected the competition effect. The variances among and within plots, as well as the residual variation coefficient, were reduced. The classification by the genetic effect of the individuals in the progeny test was extremely altered for this data set with and without the use of covariates for sites A and D, as well as the genotype x environment interaction. The use of these two tools is of great importance in the analysis of data in P. taeda progeny tests, since the effects of competition can lead to mistakes in the selection of individuals and in the definition of improvement zones.

scholarly journals Determination of the biomass stock in a mixed plantation of Pinus taeda L. and Pinus elliottii Engelm.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1455-1462
Author(s):  
Renata Reis de Carvalho ◽  
Jonathan William Trautenmüller ◽  
Sabrina Reis de Carvalho ◽  
Sergio Costa Júnior ◽  
Dimas Agostinho da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Diameter Class ◽  
Mixed Plantation ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Mixed planting when well managed can be more efficient in the production of biomass and in the use of available resources, thus increasing the profits of planting. The objectives of this research were to quantify the biomass of a mixed plantation of Pinus taeda and Pinus elliottii, by the direct method and to verify the allocation of biomass between the components and the production of biomass per unit area of the mixed plantation and of the two species studied. From the forest census carried out in the mixed planting of 43.5 ha, at 16 years of age, the diametric distribution of the population was generated. Based on the diametric classes, 60 trees were randomly sampled by the direct method, 30 trees for each species. Then, the aerial biomass production in the different components of the tree for both species was evaluated and compared. Mixed planting produced 171.5 t ha-1 of biomass; the shaft represented more than 60% of the biomass. The biomass production in Pinus taeda was superior to Pinus elliottii. The biomass of branches, in turn, was significantly different between species. The stratified tree technique revealed that biomass production in the stand was lower than the biomass obtained by the direct method. In this technique, the biomass (t ha-1) was superior to Pinus elliottii, due to the frequency of individuals in the forest census being higher in the central diameter class, and the species having a larger number of individuals in the stand.

Breeding Shortleaf × Loblolly Pine Hybrids for the Development of Fusiform Rust-Resistant Loblolly Pine

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Hybrid Seedling ◽  
Pine Hybrids ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
High Level

Abstract A fusiform rust-resistant strain of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is being developed by interspecific hybridization with shortleaf pine (P. echinata Mill.). Backcrosses of the hybrid to loblolly pine have early height growth equal to loblolly pine and retain a high level of fusiform rust resistance. Previous breeding results are reviewed and updated, and new data from a developing hybrid seedling seed orchard are presented. Breeders are encouraged to develop their own hybrid programs for production of rust-resistant seedlings. South. J. Appl. For. 10:195-197, Nov. 1986.

Incidence of Resin-Soaked Roots in Subsoiled Loblolly Pine Seed Orchards on Sandy Soils

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
R. S. Webb ◽  
S. A. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract The root systems of 70 loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) from three subsoiled seed orchards were excavated to determine the association of subsoiling with the incidence of resin-soaked lateral roots. The number of lateral roots and the proportion of resin-soaked and healthy root tissue were recorded. Chips from the resin-soaked margin of lateral roots were incubated for 10 days at 24°C on two general media and two media selective for Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. Verticicladiella procera Kend. was isolated from 30 percent of the declining/subsoiled trees at one seed orchard. Monilia spp. were also isolated. Of the lateral roots severed by subsoiling, 60 percent were resin-soaked from 10 to 45 cm in length.

Fertilization and Irrigation Stimulate Flowering and Cone Production In a Loblolly Pine Seed Orchard

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
J. D. Gregory ◽  
W. M. Guinness ◽  
C. B. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Fertilizer and water were applied in a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seed orchard to evaluate the effects on female flower and cone production. Treatments were (1) control; (2) fertilized with approximately 300 kg/ha N, 25 kg/ha P, and 47 kg/ha K; (3) irrigated through the growing season; (4) fertilized and irrigated. Treatments have been imposed annually since orchard establishment in 1963. Average female flower production per tree for 1968-1970 and number of cones per tree for 1968-1975 were increased by fertilization, by irrigation, and by the combination of fertilization plus irrigation. Flower and cone production as well as responses to the treatments varied widely among clones. The treatments caused changes in soil acidity, organic matter, and available P, K, Ca, and Mg.

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