scholarly journals Assessment of water requirement of tobacco at Rajamundry (Andhra Pradesh)

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
M. RAJAVEL ◽  
R.P. SAMUI ◽  
K.G. KANADE
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean

Water use, Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Water Requirement Satisfaction Index (WRSI) oftobacco varieties grown during rabi 1979 to 1988 at Rajamundry had been studied. The yield of tobacco was linearly andsignificantly correlated with amount of rainfall, water use and WRSI. The total amount of rainfall during growing seasonwas inadequate to meet the crop water requirements and these were partially met from stored soil moisture from previouskharif season. The excess rain during ripening stage of tobacco adversely affected the leaf yield and quality.The amount of water consumed varied between 110.0 to 186.6 mm for CTRI Special, 86.8 to 184.0 mm forJayashri. The mean WUE was found to be 6.1 and 6.4 kg/ha/mm respectively for CTRI Special and Jayashri. Themaximum amount of water consumed was 81.2 mm (i.e., 58.7%) during grand growth stage, followed by 36.5 mm(26.5%) during establishment stage and comparatively less (20.6mm) during maturity stage (14.8%). The average Kcvalue was maximum (0.5) during grand growth stage. WRSI showed decreasing trend from sowing towards maturity andthe rate of decrease was high in grand growth stage due to peak water consumption and less rainfall.

Assessing yield and water use efficiency of Capsicum annuum L. cultivated in a greenhouse under different irrigation strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceres Duarte Guedes Cabral de Almeida ◽  
Leandro Candido Gordin ◽  
Alexsandro Cláudio dos Santos Almeida ◽  
José Amilton Santos Júnior ◽  
Brivaldo Gomes de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Yield

<p>Several methodologies and techniques are available for irrigation management in protected environments. Despite the cultivation of vegetables in the greenhouse is largely present in the northeastern region of Brazil, not many research has been aimed at supporting growers for accurate irrigation management.</p><p>The objective of this study is to evaluate yield and irrigation water use efficiency of Capsicum crop cultivated in a greenhouse under different methods to define the daily irrigation depth, based on the soil water status and the atmospheric evaporative demand. Moreover, two different strategies to apply the estimated irrigation depths (single or double daily application) were also examined.</p><p>The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), northeastern of Brazil (8° 01’ 07” S and 34° 56’ 53” W, altitude 6.50 m). Based on a completely randomized design, the experimental units were distributed according to a 4 x 2 factorial scheme with eight replications, with a total of 64 experimental units. Four methods to estimate daily irrigation water requirement were evaluated: two based on soil sensors (soil water content sensors EC-5, SWS, and tensiometers, TS), whereas the other two were based on the atmospheric evaporative demand (weighing lysimeter, WL, and Piché evaporimeter, PE). Moreover, the daily irrigation depths were applied with a single watering (at 8:00 am) or split into two applications (the half at 8:00 am and the half at 4:30 pm). The commercial yield of the examined crop was calculated through the relationship between the weight of fresh fruit and the area occupied by the plant.</p><p>The statistical analysis showed that the water use efficiency, the total water volume applied and the commercial yield of capsicum were significantly influenced by the method used to estimate crop water requirement, as well as the irrigation strategies. The total irrigation depth applied during the entire crop cycle resulted in equal to 509 mm, 678 mm, 716 mm, and 790 mm for treatments with WL, PE, SWS, and TS, respectively. The seasonal applied irrigation depths corresponded to an average daily crop water requirement ranging, according to the treatments, from 5.4 to 8.3 mm day<sup>-1</sup>; these values are consistent for the examined crop cultivated under protected conditions. The highest yields of commercial fruits were obtained in the treatments in which the highest irrigation depth (SWS and TS) was applied. On the other hand, the highest values of water use efficiency were obtained in those treatments in which the irrigation depth was defined based on SWS and WL. Splitting the estimated daily irrigation depth in two applications promoted greater commercial productivity and water use efficiency (10.73 t ha<sup>-1</sup> and 1.60 kg m<sup>-3</sup>) compared to a single application (8.14 t ha<sup>-1</sup> and 1.22 kg m<sup>-3</sup>), with an increase of both variables of about 31%. These results evidenced that splitting the daily irrigation depth is a promising strategy to increase water use efficiency for vegetable crops in protected environments.</p>

scholarly journals ↵​Effect of Drip Irrigation Combined Organic Mulching on Water Productivity and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ashok Kumar ◽  
M. Navaneetha ◽  
B. Aravind ◽  
T.M. Rajesh ◽  
M. Pravallika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

Background: The main challenge confronting both rainfed and irrigated agriculture is to improve water use efficiency (WUE) and sustainable water use for agriculture. A field experiment was conducted during early summer season of 2020 to study the effect of drip irrigation combined with organic mulching on soil moisture, growth, yield of tomato grown on alfisols at the college farm of College of Agricultural Engineering, Madakasira, Ananthapuramu district of Andhra Pradesh. Methods: The experiment was laid out in completely randomized block design (CRBD) with seven treatments comprising of various organic mulches. The treatments were T1 - Sawdust + Irrigation based on daily crop water requirement, T2 - Ragi straw + Irrigation based on daily crop water requirement, T3 - Groundnut shells + Irrigation based on daily crop water requirement, T4 - Groundnut shells + Irrigation once in every two days, T5 - Saw dust + Irrigation once in every two days, T6 - Ragi straw + Irrigation once in every two days and T7 - Control (without mulch) + Irrigation based on daily crop water requirement. All the treatments were replicated thrice. The plot size of each treatment was 4m × 2.5m. Result: The results revealed that throughout the crop growth period, T3 - Groundnut shells + Irrigation based on daily water requirement maintained soil higher moisture content to an extent of 132-146% as compared to control T7 (Control + Daily water requirement). The fruit yield obtained with T3 - Groundnut shells + Irrigation based on daily water requirement was significantly higher (8.8 t/ha) as compared to control T7 (Control + Daily water requirement) (7.6 t/ha). The highest water use efficiency (39.6 kg/ha/mm) was noted with T4 - Groundnut shells + Irrigation once in every two days), whereas T7 (Control + Daily water requirement) registered minimum WUE (16.3 kg/ha/mm). Weed dry matter and weed index was found to be higher (50% to 100%) in T7 (Control + Daily water requirement) throughout the crop growth period as compared to all the treatments applied with organic mulches. Our results indicated that T3 - (Groundnut shells + Irrigation based on daily crop water requirement) resulted in the highest plant height, number of fruits per plant and high water use efficiency as compared to without mulching. Further, under irrigation water constraints, groundnut shells mulch and drip irrigation once in two days was found to be effective in attaining higher WUE.

scholarly journals Pan evaporation and sensor based approaches of irrigation scheduling for crop water requirement, growth and yield of okra

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
VIKAS SHARMA ◽  
P.K. SINGH ◽  
S.R. BHAKAR ◽  
K.K. YADAV ◽  
S.S. LAKHAWAT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water Requirement ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

The results of this study revealed that the pan evaporation and sensor based irrigation scheduling along with fertigation scheduling significantly affected the plant height, fruit weight, fruit length, crop water requirement, crop yield and water use efficiency of okra crop. The pan evaporation and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) values significantly vary over different stages of okra crop. The maximum and minimum average daily pan evaporation was recorded 8.4 mm day-1 and 4.5 mm day-1 at mid stage and late stage of okra crop respectively while, the maximum average daily ETc was recorded 7 mm day-1 at mid stage of okra crop. A approach of irrigation scheduling with 100 per cent field capacity, based on soil moisture sensor under automated drip irrigation system along with 100 per cent RDF through fertigation in equal splits at 4 day intervalor 80 % per cent of volume of crop water requirement based on pan evaporation under automated drip irrigation along with 100 per cent RDF through fertigation in equal splits at 2 day interval, can be used for irrigating okra crop with significant water saving, crop yield and water use efficiency under limited availability of daily weather datain climatic condition of Udaipur district of Rajasthan.

scholarly journals Yield, water use efficiency, and yield response factor in carrot crop under different irrigation depths

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho ◽  
Dionizio Honório de Oliveira Neto ◽  
Luiz Fernando Felix ◽  
José Guilherme Marinho Guerra ◽  
Conan Ayade Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yield Response Factor

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths on the yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and yield response factor (Ky) of carrot (cv. 'Brasília') in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Baixada Fluminense, RJ, Brazil. Field trials were conducted in a Red-Yellow Argisol in the 2010-2011period. A randomized block design was used, with 5 treatments (depths) and 4 replicates. Depths were applied by drippers with different flow rates, and the irrigation was managed by time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique. The reference (ETo) and crop (ETc) evapotranspiration depths reached 286.3 and 264.1mm in 2010, and 336.0 and 329.9mm in 2011, respectively. The root yield varied from 30.4 to 68.9t ha-1 as a response to treatments without irrigation and 100% replacement of the soil water depth, respectively. Values for WUE in the carrot crop varied from 15 to 31kg m-3 and the mean Ky value was 0.82. The mean values for Kc were obtained in the initial (0.76), intermediate (1.02), and final (0.96) stages. Carrot crop was influenced by different water depths (treatments) applied, and the highest value for WUE was obtained for 63.4% of soil water replacement.

Irrigation Scheduling Based on Evaporation and Crop Water Requirement for Summer Peanuts1

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Pahalwan ◽  
R. S. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water Requirement ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Evaporation Ratio ◽  
Pod Development

Abstract Field experiment was conducted during dry season of 1981 and 1982 to determine the optimal irrigation schedule for summer peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) in relation to evaporative demand and crop water requirement at different growth stages. It was observed that peanut crop requires a higher irrigation frequency schedule during pegging to pod formation stage followed by pod development to maturity and planting to flowering stages. The higher pod yield and water use efficiency was obtained when irrigations were scheduled at an irrigation water to the cumulative pan evaporation ratio of 0.5 during planting to flowering, 0.9 during pegging to pod formation and 0.7 during pod development to maturity stage. The profile water contribution to total crop water use was higher under less frequent irrigation schedules particularly when the irrigations were scheduled at 0.5 irrigation water to the cumulative pan evaporation ratio up to the pod formation stage.

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