scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Influencing Marketing Channel Choices by Smallholder Farmers: A Case Study of Paddy Product in Wet and Dry Season of Prey Veng Province, Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Rachana Chiv ◽  
Fengying Nie ◽  
Shu Wu ◽  
Sokea Tum
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Large Irrigation ◽  
The Right

This study analyzes factors influencing marketing channels that were chosen by paddy smallholder farmers in the wet and dry season. The aims focused on determining the factors influence marketing channel choices to be able to reveal out the need for smallholder farmers to increase their productions and investments to formulate policies to enhance them such as increasing revenue, poverty alleviation, food security, and sustainable development. The primary data was collected through structured and semi-structured interviews with 216 smallholder farmers cultivated in both seasons, 12 collectors, 12 traders, 12 millers, 6 wholesalers, and 6 retailers by analyzed with Multinomial Logit. Results revealed that socio-economic, institutional, and marketing factors were different statistically significant influence into marketing channel choices in both seasons. These findings relate to factors that need to resolve and stimulate smallholder farmers to choose the right marketing channels by suggestion to policymakers. The outcomes of policies aim to stimulate and encourage extension office to support, sharing experiences, and knowledge to smallholder farmers who older, low experiences, and low educations. To improve extension services by the focus on telecommunications, storage facilities, and rural infrastructures. Moreover, urge smallholder farmers to market participation, and enhance market competitions. Finally, the policymakers should work efforts to improve and enhance the ongoing investments in the water supporting such as small, medium, large irrigation systems, and so forth for reducing the constraints.

scholarly journals Determinants of Rice Farmer Participation in the Direct Marketing Channel in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5047
Author(s):  
Eunice Adu Donkor ◽  
Elena Garnevska ◽  
Muhammad Imran Siddique ◽  
Emmanuel Donkor
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Market Information

Enhancing smallholder farmers’ access to reliable, ready, and direct marketing channels is a prerequisite for sustainable food supply and poverty reduction in the developing countries including Ghana. However, it is a great challenge for smallholder farmers to access direct marketing channels in Ghana. This paper analyzes the factors that influence smallholder rice farmers’ participation, and the intensity of participation, in direct marketing channels using primary data from 199 farmers in three rice-growing districts in the Northern Region of Ghana. A double hurdle model was used in the empirical analysis. The study findings show that a lower percentage of farmers sold their rice output to processors (direct marketing). Farm size, the price of rice output per 85 kg bag, access to market information, and access to credit increased farmers’ participation in direct marketing channels, whereas payment period and ownership of a bicycle reduced their participation. The study concludes that improving farmers’ access to market information and credit availability would enhance participation in direct marketing channels.

scholarly journals Analysis of beef cattle marketing channels under transaction costs in rural Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
A Dinku ◽  
B Abede ◽  
A Lemma ◽  
M Shako
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Market Uncertainty

The study was designed to analyze beef cattle marketing channel choice under transaction costs. Multistage sampling technique was used to acquire primary data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Multinomial Logit Model. The findings verified that most of the respondents (49%) were selling at the village markets, followed by farm gate and secondary market with 28% and 23%, respectively. The model results revealed that the probability of selling at farm gate and village market versus selling at secondary market increased with season sales, indicating level of market uncertainty. The results affirmed the probability of selling at village market versus selling at secondary market outlet increased with knowledge of buyer and decreased with trust in buyers. Other significant predictors were volume of beef cattle supplied, farmers' experience, and education level. Thus, policies aimed at improving the smallholder farmers’ access to cattle marketing channels should be informed by these factors. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 37-48, June 2021

Framing the role of higher education in sustainable development: a case study analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanna Elmassah ◽  
Marwa Biltagy ◽  
Doaa Gamal
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Educational Leaders ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Case Study Analysis

Purpose Higher education institutions (HEIs) should play a fundamental role in achieving the international 2030 sustainable development (SD) agenda. Quality education is the fourth of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), and one of the targets related to this is to ensure that by 2030 all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote SD. Therefore, the SDGs provide a motive for HEIs to integrate SD concepts into their day-to-day practices. This study aims to introduce a framework for HEIs’ sustainable development assessment. Such a framework guides HEIs and educational leaders to support their countries’ commitments to achieving the SDGs. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the results of a case study analysis of the role and successful techniques of HEIs in achieving SD in three countries, namely, Germany, Japan and Egypt. Primary data was collected by semi-structured interviews with three Cairo University officials, while secondary data was collected by reviewing the universities' official websites, reports, publications and related papers. This study introduces a novel framework for HEIs' SD analysis and assessment, which guides HEIs and educational leaders to support SD to fulfill their countries' commitments to achieving the SDGs. This framework is based on the following five categories: strategic direction and institutional working practices, supporting students, supporting university staff competencies, supporting society's stakeholders and networking and sustainable campus. Consideration is given to the potential role of HEIs to support SD in each of these areas. Findings Cairo University could learn from the novel and pioneer practices of the Leuphana University of Lüneburg, and the University of Tokyo to fill in the gaps it has in different roles. It can also put more effort into adopting the suggested higher education programs of Egypt's Vision 2030. Research limitations/implications This paper is limited to a case analysis comparing three countries, Germany, Japan and Egypt. Second, this study has not considered school education, which is equally essential in countries' SD. Practical implications HEIs can use the framework and the findings in this paper to evaluate their current roles in supporting SD, identify the gaps and take actions accordingly to address their weaknesses. Originality/value The paper compares three universities, one in each of the case study countries. It draws conclusions that identify ways in which the paper's framework and findings can guide SD practice in HEIs internationally, especially those in the developing world.

scholarly journals Kemampuan Unit Usaha Yayasan Nurul Hayat Dalam Menunjang Biaya Operasioanal Lembaga Amil Zakat

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Novalia Nastiti ◽  
Imron Mawardi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
The Right

Amil zaka in zaka institutions has the right as one of eight ashnaf. Their rights are usually used by zaka institutions as operational cost. However, not all of the intitutions which manage zaka take amil’s right, one of them is Yayasan Nurul Hayat. This institution does not take amil’s right and it is independent in its operational cost. To support this operational cost, Yayasan Nurul Hayat establish business unit with utilize its profit.This study aimed to discover the capability of business unit in supporting operational cost of Yayasan Nurul Hayat. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive case study method. The selections of informant are using purposive sampling method. Data collection was conducted by semi-structured interviews and documentation. This data is analyzed using descriptive method.The result of this study shows that Yayasan Nurul Hayat Employments’ Salary is taken from business unit’s profit. It is also used to give bonus for employments and grow the business unit of Yayasan Nurul Hayat up. From the result of this study, it can be concluded that the business unit which is developed has great capability to support operational cost of Yayasan Nurul Hayat.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF ORGANIC VEGETABLES IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK: A CASE STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Humberto Davi Zen ◽  
Janaína Balk Brandão
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Direct Marketing ◽  
New York State ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Constant Attention ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
High Coordination

The aim of this paper is to analyze the production and marketing structure of a certified family establishment for organic food production in New York State and compare it with the scientific literature. In order to establish a high coordination between the production and commercialization processes, the farmer uses a productive and business planning supported by detailed records of previous seasons and sales and constant attention to the movements and trends of the markets and of the consumers of his products. Thus, it is verified that the productive activities are oriented by a schedule elaborated according to the expectations of demand for each moment of the productive season. On the marketing side, organic certification proves to be a competitive advantage and a way of adding value to the product, and it enables access to different marketing channels, what allows the farmer to reach different groups of consumers. In this case, the direct marketing, especially in the Farmer's Market, is the most relevant marketing channel for both amount of products and revenue share.

scholarly journals Ketahanmalangan Pengelola PKBM Dalam Mengembangkan Inovasi Pendidikan Nonformal

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 987
Author(s):  
Devi Merina Tuz Sa’diyah ◽  
Ahmad Ahmad ◽  
Nilna Sa’adayah
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Matrix Methods ◽  
Main Partner

<p>The focus of this research is to describe the strategy of adversity quotient for the management of the Community Learning Activity Center (PKBM) to develop innovations in turning barriers into opportunities for non-formal education programs. Qualitative research with this type of case study was carried out at PKBM Mentari, using structured interviews as the primary data collection method, in order to obtain primary data and document matrix methods to obtain secondary data. the data were analyzed using interactive techniques belonging to Miles and Huberman with the stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are the adversity quotient strategy that generally implemented by PKBM is very good, this can be seen from the indicators including: 1) Organizing learning activities flexibly in terms of time, so that it does not interfere with the daily activities of the community; 2) Provide learning at affordable costs so as not to burden the community in participating in learning; 3) Making the community the main partner in the continuation of teaching and learning activities at PKBM and 4) Building synergies with local village officials. The relatively short research time is the main limitation in compiling this study, so that it only maximizes the statements of the main informants. </p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Online Collaborative Writing via Google Docs: Case Studies in the EFL Classroom

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 922-934
Author(s):  
Nakhon Kitjaroonchai ◽  
Suksan Suppasetseree
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Google Docs ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Factors Influencing

This article reported a case study investigating small group interaction patterns in online collaborative writing tasks and factors influencing team collaborations. Participants included six Asian EFL university students who formed two small groups and were engaged in two online collaborative writing tasks via Google Docs. Data collection included the participants’ use of writing change functions and language functions during the collaborative writing processes revealed through Google Docs archives and collaborative essays. Semi-structured interviews were employed to examine factors influencing small group collaborations. The findings revealed that the two teams exhibited divergent interaction patterns, but the patterns of interaction remained consistent within each group across both tasks. The qualitative content analysis showed factors that affected team collaborations were individual goals, learners’ English proficiency, individual roles, and the use of collaborative agency. The findings may help elucidate the divergence of online collaborative writing and provide insightful information for instructors to design collaborative writing activities and assist EFL learners in the co-construction of writing tasks.

scholarly journals Towards an Understanding of Excellence in Ur ban Pedagogy: A Portrait of a High School

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
School Success ◽  
Educational Leaders ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Document Review

This case study describes processes in an urban high school, which contribute to excellence in urban pedagogy, and investigates teachers’ and educational leaders’ perceptions of the factors influencing their commitment to school success. Six themes related to excellence in urban pedagogy were identified. Data in the form of semi-structured interviews, observations, and document review de scribe a school in which the leadership strives to develop human capability at all levels through empowerment and shared decision-making. The study indicates that students’ achievement is a collective responsibility and strong instructional leadership is a key for success in urban schools. More studies may be needed to show how contextual experience of teachers and teacher’s self-efficacy are related.

scholarly journals Millennial and gen Z perspective towards eco-office campaign implementation in public sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012122
Author(s):  
H P Pramana ◽  
S Hastjarjo ◽  
Sudarmo
Keyword(s):  
Change Agents ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Electronic Media Use

Abstract This study explains millennial and Gen-Z attitudes, perspectives, and behaviors in implementing the eco-office concept. As a qualitative method study, the study uses primary data through semi-structured interviews and secondary data collected from reports, public/private publications, and census results, using the Yin case study model as data analysis. The study results reveal that the biggest challenge in implementing new policies is self-thinking. Leaders, as change agents, play an essential role in penetrating messages that make them act pro-environment. The reward system will be very effective, especially providing satisfaction for self-actualization. The findings of this study have implications for policymakers as input. For example, the results show that social media plays a crucial role in increasing environmental awareness. In addition, simple shifts such as electronic media use at work will cut the file chain, making it more effective and favored by young people. They understand the consequences of their actions on the environment and have the education, motivation, and social awareness to participate in the green movement. However, beliefs and actions are not fully integrated, and investigating and understanding their behavior and unique needs in the workplace will lead employees to integrate and succeed together to support the environment.

scholarly journals An Examination of Rural Homestay Operations through the Lens of the Sustainable Livelihood Framework: A Case Study of Phou Khao Khouay National Park Community-Based Tourism (PKK NP CBT), Lao PDR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Khamsavay Pasanchay
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Framework ◽  
The Government

<p>In many developing countries, Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is regarded as a sustainable tourism development tool as well as a catalyst for rural community development through the involvement of local people and the improvement of the standard of living. To extend the involvement of the local community in CBT, homestay tourism is a form of operation unit and its concept aims to facilitate individual household social-cultural and economic benefit from CBT directly. Although homestays are widely regarded as providing better livelihoods directly to the homestay operators, it is not clear to what extent homestay operations actually contribute to the sustainable livelihood of homestay operators when considering the wider livelihood implications. This research seeks to explore this gap by analysing homestay operators through the lens of Sustainable Livelihood theory (Scoones, 1998). This research adopts a post-positivist paradigm with qualitative methodology. Taking a case study approach, semi-structured interviews and observations were employed to collect primary data from community leaders, heads and deputy heads of the tourist guides, and homestay operators themselves.  Results of the study found that although homestay tourism was initially established by the government. The study also found the main characteristics of the homestay operation are in a small size with a limitation of bedrooms, and a few family members involved in hosting tourists, which are husband, wife, and an adult child. All of these people are unpaid labour but receive benefits from the sharing of food and shelter. The study also uncovered that cash-based income, gender empowerment enhancement, and environmental enhancement were the positive impacts of homestay tourism on the livelihoods of the homestay operators, and these positive livelihood outcomes were in line with the original sustainable livelihood framework. In addition, cultural revitalisation was found as an emerged indicator of the sustainable livelihood outcomes, which was used to extend the revised framework. However, the study discovered that opportunity costs, culture shock, and conflict with villagers were negative implications affecting sustainable livelihood outcomes of the homestay operators. The revised Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) suggests that if these negative implications are mitigated, the overall livelihood outcomes will be even greater. The results of this study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of how the impacts of homestay tourism on the sustainable livelihood of the homestay operators.</p>

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