scholarly journals Rząd, porządek i ład jako leksemy wpisane w dawne pojęcie porządek społeczny

2021 ◽  
Vol LXXVII (77) ◽  
pp. 175-192
Author(s):  
BEATA RASZEWSKA-ŻUREK
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Semantic Relations

Artykuł poświęcony jest występowaniu głównych eksponentów pojęcia porządek społeczny w tekstach doby staro- i średniopolskiej – leksemów rząd – najstarszego, porządek – najczęstszego i ład – późnego i rzadkiego. Przedmiotem analizy są ich rzeczownikowe kolokacje, które wskazują na relacje semantyczne z innymi wyrazami. Analiza taka pozwala na odkrycie powiązań między pojęciami, do których się odnoszą, ale nie wystarcza do precyzyjnego określenia ich charakteru. Wskazuje na silną współzależność dawnego porządku społecznego i prawa, nadrzędność w stosunku do kilku pojęć ze sfery stosunków społecznych, jak zgoda i pokój, relację zbliżoną do wynikania względem pojęć utylitarnych, jak bogactwo i zapobiegliwość i niejednoznaczny związek z pojęciami wolność i sprawiedliwość. Miejsce porządku społecznego w kręgu pojęć społecznych ustaliło się w czasach renesansu i do końca doby średniopolskiej pozostawało stałe, a samo pojęcie łączyło się wówczas z pozytywnym ładunkiem aksjologicznym. Rząd, porządek and ład as Polish lexemes inscribed in the old concept of social order Summary: The article is devoted to the occurrence of the main exponents of the concept of porządek społeczny [social order] in Old and Middle Polish texts, i.e. the lexemes: rząd – the earliest one, porządek – the most frequent one, and ład – the most recent and rare. The analysis explores the nominal collocations of these items, which indicate semantic relations with other words. The analysis enables us to discover the links between the concepts to which they refer, but it is not sufficient to establish their nature in an accurate manner. There is an indication of 1) a strong interdependence of the early social order and law, 2) of the superiority in reference to a number of concepts which represent the sphere of social relationships, such as zgoda [harmony] and pokój [peace], 3) of a relationship that is akin to resulting in respect to utilitarian concepts, such as bogactwo [opulence] and zapobiegliwość [foresight], and 4) of the ambiguous relationship with the concepts of wolność [freedom] and sprawiedliwość [justice]. The place of social order in the sphere of social concepts was established during the Renaissance and remained stable until the end of the Middle Polish period, whereas the concept itself was associated at that time with a positive axiological charge.

“Is she a wife or a mother?” Social order, respect, and address in Mijikenda

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McGivney
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The World ◽  
Generational Identity ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
General Explanation

ABSTRACTMijikenda social relationships are of two types, “respectful” and “joking.” In this northeastern Bantu language of Kenya, respect based on kinship requires an overt linguistic marker: adjacent generations (parents and children) “respect” one another and address each other using plural forms. Kin of the same generation (siblings, cousins) and of alternate generations (grandparents, grandchildren) “joke” with one another and address each other in the singular. Accordingly, address form in Mijikenda signals and reaffirms generational identity and relative position in a well-defined social structure. It is also normatively associated with “correct” behavior. As pronouns of respect occur in such small-scale, nonstratified Bantu societies (and throughout the world), it is suggested that Brown and Gilman's (1960) particular hypothesis for the origin and spread of T/V respect systems needs to be replaced by a more socially persuasive and general explanation for a widespread phenomenon. (Sociolinguistics, pronouns of address, T/V systems, kinship, Kenya languages, Bantu)

Striving to make the difference

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iphigenia Moulinou
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Emotional Communication ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Moral Indignation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

The present paper discusses issues of language aggression, conflict and identity, and of emotional communication and conflict. In particular, it explores different positionings of deviant identity as projected by a number of juvenile delinquents through the display of moral indignation (Ochs et al. 1989; Günthner 1995), at moments of crisis and conflictual relationships between them. Moral indignation is expressed through the co-occurrence of a number of linguistic and discursive devices, such as hypothetical examples and personal analogies (Günthner 1995; Kakavá 2002), prosodic features, implicit or explicit moral judgments (Günthner 1995), or non-literal threats. These devices are employed in interaction in order to construct opposing moral versions of identities. The paper argues for a tight interweaving between moral indignation, affect, identity indexing, and moral positioning. It further argues that displays of indignation are powerful interactional devices of conflict management and control of the moral and social order and of social relationships.

scholarly journals Die Herausforderung der Moderne. Überleben angesichts der monetären Formalisierung der Beziehungen

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 259-288
Author(s):  
Davide Gallo Lassere
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Monetary Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This paper expands on Simmel’s answer to the increasing depletion of social relationships due to the by then more than an increasingly pervasive monetary economy. Definitively abandoned all hope for a change in the arrangements that structure the social order and dismissed any prospect for a strong opposition, the simmelian’s individual can only aspire to a decent adaptation to the world as it is, trying to protect her intimate personality and to cultivate spaces and moments in which more specifically human features and qualities can flourish.

scholarly journals Sinkronisasi Maqosid As Syariah Dan Konsep Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Konsep Iddah

EGALITA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Hidayatul Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Good Person ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Gender Concept

<p>Gender is construction and social order about various differences between two sexes which related to social relationships between men and women, or a characteristic which has been specified socially and culture. To understand concept of justice and gender equaity it need correct understanding. And for every Muslim ought to understand this gender concept which is related to Islamic law, should be able to synchronize gender concept with the purpose and intention of Islamic law (al-Maqasid al-Syar'iyyah) in the form of the benefit to human being, it have to comprehend widely especially in the problem of iddah. The meaning of islamic law basically will realize kindliness of real life to human being, either through individually or socially. Beside aims to form good person, Islamic law also aims to uphold mashlahah and social justice.</p><p> </p><p>Gender adalah   konstruksi   dan   tatanan   sosial   mengenai   berbagai perbedaan antara jenis kelamin yang mengacu kepada relasi-relasi  sosial antara perempuan  dan  laki-laki,  atau  suatu  sifat  yang  telah  ditetapkan  secara  sosial maupun budaya. Memang untuk memahami konsep keadilan dan kesetaraan gender diperlukan pemahaman yang benar. Dan bagi setiap muslim<em> </em>seharusnya memahami konsep gender ini yang bersinggungan dengan hukum Islam, harus bisa mensinkronkan gender tersebut dengan maksud dan tujuan dari hukum Islam (maqasid as-Syar’iyyah) yang berupa kemashlahatan bagi manusia ini harus dipahami secara luas terkhusus masalah iddah. Dalam arti hukum Islam pada dasarnya hendak mewujudkan kebaikan hidup yang hakiki bagi manusia, baik secara individual maupun social. Di samping bertujuan untuk membentuk pribadi yang baik, hukum Islam juga bertujuan untuk menegakkan kemashlahatan dan keadilan social.</p>

Material Considerations

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 35-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Pietz
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Object A ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Moral Intent

If Harr emphasizes that things become social objects only within particular storylines, Pietz makes the reverse point about the essential materiality of social relationships, especially contractual ones, e.g. as expressed in the legal history of the `material consideration'. Departing from a similar conception of the performative micro-reproduction of social order and the communicative objectification of social facts, he argues that a theory of forensic objects as social facts disrupts not only capitalist presumptions about economic objects as the sole origin of monetary value but also enlightenment conceptions of society as a sphere of consequential human action distinct from nature as the sphere of material causality. The material consideration is one such forensic object. A `material consideration' refers to an obscure but important social object that embodies the power to transform subjective promises into objective obligations and thereby establishes the social fact of legal liability. The failed attempt of liberal philosophers and jurists since the eighteenth century to conceive considerations as mere symbolic evidence of subjective moral intent rather as real enactments of social power demonstrates how difficult it is for modern social theory to articulate the idea of social materiality found in social facts such as considerations, at least as long as it sustains a strict separation between society and nature or between the intentional action of humans and the physical causality of material objects.

Documentary Resistance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela J. Aguayo
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Collective Identification ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mobile Cameras ◽  
Production Practices

The potential of documentary moving images to foster democratic exchange has been percolating within media production culture for the last century, and now, with mobile cameras at our fingertips and broadcasts circulating through unpredictable social networks, the documentary impulse is coming into its own as a political force of social change. The exploding reach and power of audio and video are multiplying documentary modes of communication. Once considered an outsider media practice, documentary is finding mass appeal in the allure of moving images, collecting participatory audiences that create meaningful challenges to the social order. Documentary is adept at collecting frames of human experience, challenging those insights, and turning these stories into public knowledge that is palpable for audiences. Generating pathways of exchange between unlikely interlocutors, collective identification forged with documentary discourse constitutes a mode of political agency that is directing energy toward acting in the world. Reflecting experiences of life unfolding before the camera, documentary representations help order social relationships that deepen our public connections and generate collective roots. As digital culture creates new pathways through which information can flow, the connections generated from social change documentary constitute an emerging public commons. Considering the deep ideological divisions that are fracturing U.S. democracy, it is of critical significance to understand how communities negotiate power and difference by way of an expanding documentary commons. Investment in the force of documentary resistance helps cultivate an understanding of political life from the margins, where documentary production practices are a form of survival.

Social theory and law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Cotterrell
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Power ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The One

Social theory embodies the claim that philosophical analyses, reflections on specific historical experience and systematic empirical observations of social conditions may be combined to construct theoretical explanations of the nature of society – that is, of patterned human social association in general and of the conditions that make this association possible and define its typical character. Social theory, in this sense, can be defined broadly as theory seeking to explain systematically the structure and organization of society and the general conditions of social order or stability and of social change. Since law as a system of ideas can also be thought of as purporting to specify, reflect and systematize fundamental normative structures of society, it has appeared as both a focus of interest for social theory and, in some sense, a source of competition with social theory in explaining the character of social existence. The relation of legal thought to social theory is, thus, in important respects, a confrontation between competing general modes of understanding social relationships and the conditions of social order. In one sense, this confrontation is as old as philosophy itself. But as an element in modern philosophical consciousness it represents a gradual working-out in Western thought, over the past two centuries, of the implications of various ‘scientific’ modes of interpreting social experience, all in one way or another the legacy of Enlightenment ideas. From the late eighteenth century and throughout the nineteenth century, criteria of ‘scientific’ rationality were carried into the interpretation of social phenomena through the development of social theory. These criteria also significantly influenced the development of modern legal thought. The classic social theory of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, which established an enduring vocabulary of concepts for the interpretation of social phenomena, treated law as an object of social inquiry within its scope. It sought scientific understanding of the nature of legal phenomena in terms of broad systems of explanation of the general nature of social relationships, structures and institutions. In the late twentieth century the relationship between social theory and law has been marked by fundamental changes both in the outlook of social theory and in forms of contemporary regulation. On the one hand, social theory has been subjected to wide-ranging challenges to its modern scientific pretensions. It has had to respond to scepticism about claims that social life can usefully be analysed in terms of historical laws, or authoritatively interpreted and explained in terms of founding theoretical principles. On the other hand, the inexorable expansion of Western law’s regulatory scope and detail appears, sociologically, as largely uncontrollable by moral systems and relatively unguided by philosophical principles. Hence, in some postmodern interpretations, contemporary law is presented as a system of knowledge and interpretation of social life of great importance, yet one that has ultimately evaded the Enlightenment ambition systematically to impose reason and principle – codified by theory – on agencies of political and social power.

Education and Process of Inclusion Under Neo-liberal Political Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-233
Author(s):  
Ghanshyam Shah
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Continued Education ◽  
Education Commission ◽  
Liberal Political Economy ◽  
Critical Questioning ◽  
Institutional Mechanism

Theoretically, modern formal education develops not only critical questioning mind and skills but also inculcates universalistic values leading to humane social relationships. For attaining such objective, the education system needs to evolve institutions, curricula, competent committed teachers and pedagogies. Though the architects of the Indian Constitution and the First Education Commission emphasised importance of education for national integration, and egalitarian secular social order, rigorous institutional mechanism, modules and pedagogies have not developed in the last six decades to attain the objective. This has not been on political agenda. Education policy and governance have been lopsided and piecemeal. Colonial educational ethos has continued. Education has spread widely across all social strata with increasing enrolment at all levels; the system segregates and discriminates students from the primary stage. Only miniscule section of society gets good quality education enabling them to occupy higher positions in different sectors. The system has failed in inculcating plural secular egalitarian values. Hegemonic values of dominant strata embedded in hierarchical ethos are reinforced and legitimised.

Social Motives Predict Loneliness During a Developmental Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Alexandra M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Developmental Transitions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. Establishing new social relationships is important for mastering developmental transitions in young adulthood. In a 2-year longitudinal study with four measurement occasions (T1: n = 245, T2: n = 96, T3: n = 103, T4: n = 85), we investigated the role of social motives in college students’ mastery of the transition of moving out of the parental home, using loneliness as an indicator of poor adjustment to the transition. Students with strong social approach motivation reported stable and low levels of loneliness. In contrast, students with strong social avoidance motivation reported high levels of loneliness. However, this effect dissipated relatively quickly as most of the young adults adapted to the transition over a period of several weeks. The present study also provides evidence for an interaction between social approach and social avoidance motives: Social approach motives buffered the negative effect on social well-being of social avoidance motives. These results illustrate the importance of social approach and social avoidance motives and their interplay during developmental transitions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document