scholarly journals Loss of Smell and Taste as Clinical Onset of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Seden
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
General Character ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Number Of Patients

Initially, symptoms of COVID-19 associated with Ear-Nose-Throat were thought to be flulike symptoms in the foreground. Such as fever, chills, cough, dyspnoea, myalgia, headache, sore throat. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was not a noticeable symptom at first. As the number of cases has risen worldwide, sudden onset hyposmia/anosmia has received increasing attention as a symptom of COVID-19. The reported incidence of anosmia varies internationally: as low as 30% in South Korea, and as high as 88% in Europe. The loss of smell that occurs in COVID-19 infection its general character is sudden onset anosmia. There is currently no specific treatment for COVID-19 related anosmia. Olfactory dysfunction can heal spontaneously. However, not a small number of patients may have permanent impairment.

A Diagnosed Case of COVID-19 Treated with Homoeopathy: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 241-243
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kovilacar ◽  
Pankhuri Misra
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Day By Day

Abstract Introduction The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared as public health emergency of international concern. India is also facing this crisis with increasing number of patients being reported day by day. Here, we present a case report of COVID-19-positive patient treated with homoeopathy. Case Profile A 60-year-old female patient with fever for 4 days, cough and difficulty in breathing, headache, sore throat, loose stools and frequent urination with burning and generalised weakness for 7 days was considered for treatment in the present study. Based on the symptomatology, Arsenicum album 30 and Bryonia alba 30 were prescribed to her. Conclusion A patient of COVID-19 was successfully treated by homoeopathic medicines based on symptom similarity. Individualised homoeopathic intervention with precautionary measures can be an answer to the ongoing crisis.

scholarly journals Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Breast Cancer Treatment Response and Metastasis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3146
Author(s):  
Patricia Fernández-Nogueira ◽  
Gemma Fuster ◽  
Álvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza ◽  
Pere Gascón ◽  
Neus Carbó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Current Therapies

Breast cancer (BrCa) is the leading cause of death among women worldwide, with about one million new cases diagnosed each year. In spite of the improvements in diagnosis, early detection and treatment, there is still a high incidence of mortality and failure to respond to current therapies. With the use of several well-established biomarkers, such as hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), as well as genetic analysis, BrCa patients can be categorized into multiple subgroups: Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and Basal-like, with specific treatment strategies. Although chemotherapy and targeted therapies have greatly improved the survival of patients with BrCa, there is still a large number of patients who relapse or who fail to respond. The role of the tumor microenvironment in BrCa progression is becoming increasingly understood. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the principal population of stromal cells in breast tumors. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of CAFs’ role in altering the tumor response to therapeutic agents as well as in fostering metastasis in BrCa. In addition, we also review the available CAFs-directed molecular therapies and their potential implications for BrCa management.

About gas air cysts of the lung and bronchectasis

1935 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-276
Author(s):  
R. Dеbréet ◽  
F. Gilbrin
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Long Time

The disease is congenital and often manifests itself in the first months of a child's life, but can remain asymptomatic for a long time. The clinical onset is a sudden onset of shortness of breath and cyanosis.

How I Treat Chronic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellin Berman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Number Of Patients

When imatinib, the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) developed for use in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) was approved in 2001, the treatment of this disease was forever changed. Significant reductions in the molecular burden of disease were seen with the first generation TKI imatinib and with the addition of dasatinib (2006), nilotinib (2007), bosutinib (2012) and ponatinib (2013), deeper and more rapid reductions were noted. Physicians could begin to tailor TKI therapy to individual patients, and patients who did not respond to or could not tolerate first line therapy now had options. Importantly, the number of patients who developed accelerated or blast phase disease decreased dramatically. Research in CML continues to evolve and by presenting illustrative cases, this article will review some of the newer aspects of clinical care in this disease. Updated information regarding bosutinib and asciminib, the latter currently in clinical trials, will be presented; bosutinib is of particular interest as the drug's transit through the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) highlights the question of what is considered optimal response to TKI therapy. The challenge of understanding the cardiac safety data of ponatinib and the unique dosing schedule based on individual response will be discussed. Lastly, two cases will focus on features of TKI treatment that -remarkably- have become part of the treatment algorithm: family planning for women with CML and stopping therapy after meeting a specific treatment milestone.

scholarly journals Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions as a Clinical Manifestation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Malaysian Tertiary Center

2020 ◽  
pp. 000348942096316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuganathan Ramasamy ◽  
Jeyasakthy Saniasiaya ◽  
Norhaslinda Abdul Gani
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction among patients with COVID-19 infection and the recovery rate. Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years) tested positive for COVID-19 via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and admitted in Hospital Tuanku Ja’afar Seremban, Malaysia, were recruited in this study. Patients completed a questionnaire via telephone interview comprising the following details: age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities, general and otorhinolaryngological symptoms, onset and duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. Patients with persistent olfactory and gustatory dysfunction at the time of the initial interview were followed-up every 3 to 5 days till resolution. Results: A total of 145 patients were included in our study. The mean age of patients was 43.0 ± 17.7 (range: 18-86). Fever (44.1%) and cough (39.3%) were the most prevalent general symptoms. Thirty-one patients (21.4%) reported olfactory dysfunction and 34 (23.4%) reported dysgeusia. There was a significant association between both olfactory and gustatory dysfunction ( P < .001). Altered sense of smell or taste occurred before other symptoms in 7 (15.9%); concomitant in 16 (36.4%) and after in 15 (34.1%). Six patients (13.6%) reported isolated sudden-onset anosmia. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 7 days. Complete recovery was achieved for 70.5% of the patients within 7 days of symptom onset. Only 6 (19.4%) of the 31 patients with olfactory dysfunction experienced nasal obstruction or rhinorrhea. Olfactory dysfunction was not significantly associated with nasal obstruction or rhinorrhea. Olfactory dysfunction was significantly associated with younger age ( P = .002), female ( P = .011), and hyperlipidemia ( P = .012). Gustatory dysfunction was significantly associated with fever ( P = .019) and cough ( P = .039). Conclusion: Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction is a pertinent manifestation of COVID-19. Most of the affected patients achieve rapid and complete recovery. Sudden onset of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction should be recognized as a major symptom of COVID-19 as we implore to contain this pandemic.

scholarly journals Submitral Aneurysm in a Patient with a Normal Electrocardiogram

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Solis-Olivares ◽  
Irene Meester ◽  
Juan M. Solis-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Ventricular Aneurysm ◽  
Good Clinical Response ◽  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
Oral Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Number Of Patients

A ventricular aneurysm entails well-known risks for the patient such as heart failure, potentially lethal arrhythmias, and systemic embolic phenomena. The submitral or posterolateral ventricular aneurysm is a very rare variety, usually of congenital etiology, which may also have other causes, including ischemic heart disease. The present case is about a 76-year-old male with the antecedent of an acute myocardial infarction 3 years ago. He presented with intermittent, brief, and self-limiting episodes of severe dyspnea, intense desperation, and accelerated palpitations, with a nonspecific electrocardiogram. An echocardiography revealed a large submitral aneurysm, with a good clinical response to the specific treatment of heart failure, antiarrhythmics, and oral anticoagulation therapy. We analyze the implications of an aneurysm in the context of an ischemic etiology, with special attention to the limitations of the electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of occlusions of the circumflex artery that irrigates the posterolateral region of the heart. We suspect that a greater number of patients with a culprit circumflex artery could receive appropriate coronary interventionism or thrombolysis if decision-making in the emergency room would not depend mainly on the electrocardiogram. Better stratification tools are needed to prevent late complications of infarction, such as those observed in this patient.

scholarly journals Outcome of Bell’s Palsy- An Institutional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Rajnish Kumar Thakur ◽  
Jagat Narayan Rajbanshi ◽  
Samjhana Khadka ◽  
Pankaj Raj Nepal
Keyword(s):  
Early Treatment ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background and purpose: Bell’s palsy represents sudden onset of lower motor neuron type of facial palsy in the absence of other cranial nerve involvement. Pathophysiologically, it has been described mostly due to viral infection, and early use of antiviral therapy, steroids and physiotherapy has shown to limit the disease and helps in early recovery from palsy. With the objective to evaluate over all clinical outcome of the patients presented with Bell’s palsy with our treatment strategies this study was performed. Material and method: This is a prospective analytical study with non probability consecutive sampling technique over the duration of 6 months. Continuous variable like age is presented using mean and standard deviation. Categorical data are presented as percentage and analysis of outcome of the treatment is done using Fischer’s exact test. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS -20. Result: Total number of patients enrolled in the study was 19, where mean age was 33.47 (SD 15.71) years. Bell’s palsy was more commonly seen in female patients (58%). House Brackmann grading of facial nerve palsy at the time of presentation was four. There was significant association of early treatment with complete recovery in this study. Conclusion: Early treatment of bells palsy with acyclovir, steroids, and physiotherapy has shown promising result in most of the studies; and this holds true in this study as well, where delaying the treatment was significantly associated with poorer recovery.

Sudden onset of Chiari malformation Type I in previously asymptomatic patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 438-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Massimi ◽  
Giuseppe Maria Della Pepa ◽  
Gianpiero Tamburrini ◽  
Concezio Di Rocco
Keyword(s):  
Chiari Malformation ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Type I ◽  
Chiari Malformation Type I ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is usually suspected in patients with slowly progressing neurological symptoms. However, in some instances, especially if syringomyelia is associated, an abrupt clinical onset is reported and is accompanied by an acknowledged risk of potentially severe clinical signs or even sudden death. Little is known about such a critical course in CM-I/syringomyelia complex. The authors describe 3 challenging cases of the abrupt onset of CM-I/syringomyelia to reveal more information on the clinical presentation and pathogenetic mechanisms of this sudden and potentially severe clinical phenomenon: a 38-year-old man experienced acute respiratory failure requiring intubation following acute decompensation of hydrocephalus associated with Noonan syndrome, a 1-year-old boy had sudden hemiparesis and Horner syndrome after a minor head/neck injury, and a 2.5-year-old boy presented with quickly progressing tetraplegia and dyspnea after a mild flexion and extension neck injury a few hours before. All 3 patients showed a CM-I/syringomyelia complex at diagnosis, and all of them had a good neurological outcome after surgery despite the ominous clinical presentation.

Sequential TKI treatments for iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinomas.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6092-6092
Author(s):  
Christelle de la Fouchardiere ◽  
Marie-Helene Massicotte ◽  
Isabelle Borget ◽  
Maryse Brassard ◽  
Mederic Claude-Desroches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
First Line ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Third Line Therapy ◽  
Third Line

6092 Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are currently used to treat patients with advanced iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) but none has been approved by the FDA or the EMA until now. Sometimes, patients are treated with off-label TKI when a clinical trial is not available or in second- and third-line therapy. Methods: We hereby report the efficacy of “off-label” sorafenib and sunitinib treatments as first-, second- and third-line therapy in metastatic DTC patients from the French TUTHYREF (TUmeurs THYroïdiennes REFractaires) network. Primary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS) and tumor response according to sequential TKI treatment. Secondary endpoint was organ-specific metastatic site analysis. Results: 45 patients with advanced iodine-refractory DTC treated with off-label TKI were included in this study (26 men, mean age: 62 years). 22 had papillary, 10 had follicular and 13 had poorly DTC. 24/45 patients were treated with two and 3/45 with three lines of TKIs. Sorafenib was the most frequently used (57%) followed by sunitinib (21.5%) and vandetanib (21.5%). Partial response (PR) rate was of 29% in the 21 patients who received first-line sorafenib therapy whereas PR was observed in 57% of the 7 first-line sunitinib patients. There was no PR with second- (n=24) and third-line (n=3) treatments. However, median progression free survival (PFS) was similar in second- as compared to first-line sorafenib or sunitinib treatment (6.7 vs. 7.6 months, HR 0.85 (95CI 0.45-1.61) p=0.6). Liver metastases were the most responsive to treatment (n=7; mean of -30%), followed by lung (n=57; mean of -19%) and lymph node (n=43; mean of -13%) metastases. Bone (n=14) and pleural (n=9) lesions were the most refractory to treatment (mean of -1% and -5%, respectively). Conclusions: Due to the small number of patients, we could not recommend a specific treatment sequence (sorafenib then sunitinib) over another (sunitinib then sorafenib). But TKI therapy appears to be beneficial in refractory DTC patients even in second- and third-line therapy, with similar PFS and stable disease as best response. Bone and pleural metastases were the most refractory and liver lesions the most responsive to treatment.

scholarly journals Age distribution of patients with advanced non-melanoma skin cancer in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (9) ◽  
pp. 845-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey Dacosta Byfield ◽  
Diana Chen ◽  
Yeun Mi Yim ◽  
Carolina Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Abstract The epidemiology of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is not well understood due to exclusion from most US cancer registries. Patients with at least two claims with a NMSC diagnosis (ICD-9-CM 173.xx) at least 60 days apart, or at least one claim for a NMSC-specific treatment from 1/2010 to 12/2010, were identified from a large US commercial insurance claims database and grouped into one of three cohorts: metastatic (MET), locally advanced (LA), or “all other”. MET patients had at least two claims with a metastasis code at least 30 days apart. LA patients had at least two visits to a medical oncologist, one diagnostic imaging service, two radiation therapy services, or one visit to two or more physician specialties. Remaining patients were “all other”. Incidence and prevalence of NMSC were calculated from among the total number of persons continuously enrolled in the plan during the study period and standardized to the 2010 US population. From among 6,610,256 patients, there were 47,451 incident cases of NMSC (MET n = 16, LA n = 387, all other n = 47,048). The age-adjusted incidence rate of 693 per 100,000 persons (2010 population) approximates to 2,139,535 total NMSC cases in the US (0.7 % of population). 671 prevalent cases had advanced disease (MET n = 43, LA n = 628); an age-adjusted rate of 0.6 and 10 per 100,000 US persons equivalent to 1,993 and 29,841 MET and LA cases, respectively. Although NMSCs rarely progress, the number of patients with advanced disease is significant. Further studies to determine proportions of advanced NMSC by subtype are needed.

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