scholarly journals Bacterial Etiology of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Turkey: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmas pınar kahraman ◽  
Imdat Kilbas ◽  
Ihsan Hakkj Ciftci
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Past ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Context & Objective: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are prevalent diseases and a major cause of referral to primary healthcare centers. The present study aimed to identify the bacterial etiology of LRTIs to determine the trend changes within the past three decades and help ascertain the new scenarios of empirical LRTI therapy in Turkey. Data Sources: This systematic review was conducted by searching various electronic databases based on specified criteria. In total, 2,670 articles were identified, which had been published during 1990 - 2020 and could be potentially used, and 46 scientific studies that met the eligibility criteria were selected for the review. Results: The most frequently isolated bacteria in the reviewed studies were Acinetobacter spp. (31.68%), P. aeruginosa (16.59%), H. influenzae (14.30%), and S. pneumoniae (13.80%). Data analysis also indicated that the most frequent reports of LRTI agents were in Aegean region in Turkey during 2014-2020. Conclusions: This systematic review reflected the changes in LRTI agents over the past three decades in Turkey. Knowledge of the frequency of LRTI bacterial agents specific to each country could help healthcare professionals in reporting laboratory results and prescribing/selecting the most effective antibiotics for the treatment of the disease.

scholarly journals Ventilatorassociated lower respiratory tract infections: etiology and diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Rudnov ◽  
Vladimir A. Bagin ◽  
D.V. Belsky ◽  
Maria N. Astafyeva ◽  
N.N. Nevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
English Language ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective. To review a literature published over the past 5 years and our own data on the etiology of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), antimicrobial resistance and its relationships between sepsis and choice of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Materials and Methods. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) criteria were used to diagnose LRTI. A review of the articles regarding LRTI from the Russian and international English language journals published over 6 years was performed. Identification of microorganisms was performed by culture over the period of 2003–2013; since 2014, MALDI-TOF MS method was used for this purpose. Results. Despite the ongoing policy to limit the use of antimicrobial therapy in the ICUs, there is an increase in carbapenemase-producing isolates in the ICUs from 2.2% (2018) to 11.7% (2020, 9 months). Along with the trend to increase in carbapenemase-producing pathogens causing LRTI, their variability is also increasing. In particular, it applies to strains producing carbapenemases OXA-48 or combination of OXA-48 with KPC; with the trend to combined production of carbapenemase beginning at 2019. Conclusions. Carbapenemase producers are becoming more widespread in the ICU settings, including the lower respiratory tract in mechanically ventilated patients. Practitioners didn’t get used to associate VAP with the Sepsis-3 criteria. The changes in etiology include the increased rate of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria, primarily Acinetobacter spp., in Russia. It’s due to improved quality of respiratory support and increased consumption of carbapenems, tigecycline and polymyxins. Significant increase of OXA-48-producing pathogens is likely to be associated with a poor compliance with temporary guidelines on COVID-19 with regard to antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of respiratory bacterial infections in people with lower respiratory tract infections in Africa: the BARIAFRICA systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e023592
Author(s):  
Serges Tchatchouang ◽  
Jean Joel Bigna ◽  
Ariane Nzouankeu ◽  
Marie-Christine Fonkoua ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

IntroductionThe burden of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) is a substantial public health concern. However, the epidemiology of LRTI and its bacterial aetiologies are poorly characterised, particularly in the African continent. Providing accurate data can help design cost-effective interventions to curb the burden of respiratory infections in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be to determine the prevalence of respiratory Bacterial Aetiologies in people with low Respiratory tract Infections in Africa (BARIAFRICA) and associated factors.Methods and analysisWe will search PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, African Journals Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Global Index Medicus to identify studies that reported the prevalence (of enough data to compute this estimate) of respiratory bacterial infections in people with LRTIs in Africa from 1 January 2000 to 31 March 2018, without any linguistic restrictions. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be conducted independently by two investigators. Heterogeneity will be evaluated using the χ² test on Cochran’s Q statistic and quantified with H and I² statistics. Prevalence will be pooled using a random-effect meta-analysis model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses will be used to identify sources of heterogeneity of prevalence estimates. This study will be reported according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Ethics and disseminationSince this study will be based on published data, it does not require ethical approval. This systematic review and meta-analysis is intended to serve as a basis for determining the burden of LRTIs, for identifying data gaps and for guiding future investigations in Africa. The final report will be published in peer-reviewed journals, presented in conferences and submitted to relevant health policy makers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018092359.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gang Chen ◽  
Kailiang Xu ◽  
Fangyuan Sun ◽  
Yuxia Sun ◽  
Ziyuan Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Background. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) with high mortality. The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with MDR by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. PubMed, EMBASE (via Ovid), and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies on the risk factors for MDR bacteria in LRTIs as of November 30, 2019. Literature screening, data abstraction, and quality assessment of the eligible studies were performed independently by two researchers. Results. A total of 3,607 articles were retrieved, of which 21 articles representing 20 cohort studies published in English were included after title/abstract and full-text screening. Among the 21 articles involving 7,650 patients and 1,360 MDR organisms, ten reported the risk factors for MDR Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) and Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), ten for MDR GNB, and one for MDR GPB. The meta-analysis results suggested that prior antibiotic treatment, inappropriate antibiotic therapy, chronic lung disease, chronic liver disease and cerebral disease, prior MDR and PA infection/colonization, recent hospitalization, longer hospitalization stay, endotracheal tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation, tube feeding, nursing home residence, and higher disease severity score were independent risk factors for MDR bacteria. Conclusions. This review identified fourteen clinical factors that might increase the risk of MDR bacteria in patients with LRTIs. Clinicians could take into account these factors when selecting antibiotics for patients and determine whether coverage for MDR bacteria is required. More well-designed studies are needed to confirm the various risk factors for MDR bacteria in the future.

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