scholarly journals Cortico-subcortical β burst dynamics underlying movement cancellation in humans

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy A Diesburg ◽  
Jeremy DW Greenlee ◽  
Jan R Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Recording Site ◽  
Motor Thalamus ◽  
Depth Recording

Dominant neuroanatomical models hold that humans regulate their movements via loop-like cortico-subcortical networks, which include the subthalamic nucleus (STN), motor thalamus, and sensorimotor cortex (SMC). Inhibitory commands across these networks are purportedly sent via transient, burst-like signals in the β frequency (15-29Hz). However, since human depth-recording studies are typically limited to one recording site, direct evidence for this proposition is hitherto lacking. Here, we present simultaneous multi-site recordings from SMC and either STN or motor thalamus in humans performing the stop-signal task. In line with their purported function as inhibitory signals, subcortical β-bursts were increased on successful stop-trials. STN bursts in particular were followed within 50ms by increased β-bursting over SMC. Moreover, between-site comparisons (including in a patient with simultaneous recordings from SMC, thalamus, and STN) confirmed that β-bursts in STN temporally precede thalamic β-bursts. This highly unique set of recordings provides empirical evidence for the role of β-bursts in conveying inhibitory commands along long-proposed cortico-subcortical networks underlying movement regulation in humans.

scholarly journals Cortico-subcortical β burst dynamics underlying movement cancellation in humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy A. Diesburg ◽  
Jeremy D. W. Greenlee ◽  
Jan R. Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Recording Site ◽  
Depth Recording

SummaryDominant neuroanatomical models hold that humans regulate their movements via loop-like cortico-subcortical networks, including the subthalamic nucleus (STN), thalamus, and sensorimotor cortices (SMC). Inhibitory commands across these networks are purportedly sent via transient, burst-like signals in the β frequency (15-29Hz). However, since human depth-recording studies are typically limited to one recording site, direct evidence for this proposition is hitherto lacking. Here, we present simultaneous multi-site depth-recordings from SMC and either STN or thalamus in humans performing the stop-signal task. In line with their purported function as inhibitory signals, subcortical β-bursts were increased on successful stop-trials and were followed within 50ms by increased β-bursting over SMC. Moreover, between-site comparisons (including in a patient with simultaneous recordings from all three sites) confirmed that β-bursts in STN precede thalamic β-bursts. This provides first empirical evidence for the role of β-bursts in conveying inhibitory commands along long-proposed cortico-subcortical networks underlying movement regulation in humans.

scholarly journals Stop-Signal Reaction-Time Task Performance: Role of Prefrontal Cortex and Subthalamic Nucleus

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Eagle ◽  
C. Baunez ◽  
D. M. Hutcheson ◽  
O. Lehmann ◽  
A. P. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Stop Signal Reaction Time

scholarly journals The motor inhibitory network in patients with asymmetrical Parkinson’s disease: An fMRI study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis R. Loayza ◽  
Ignacio Obeso ◽  
Rafael González Redondo ◽  
Federico Villagra ◽  
Elkin Luis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Inhibitory Network ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Right

AbstractRecent imaging studies with the stop-signal task in healthy individuals indicate that the subthalamic nucleus, the pre-supplementary motor area and the inferior frontal gyrus are key components of the right hemisphere “inhibitory network”. Limited information is available regarding neural substrates of inhibitory processing in patients with asymmetric Parkinson’s disease. The aim of the current fMRI study was to identify the neural changes underlying deficient inhibitory processing on the stop-signal task in patients with predominantly left-sided Parkinson’s disease. Fourteen patients and 23 healthy controls performed a stop-signal task with the left and right hands. Behaviorally, patients showed delayed response inhibition with either hand compared to controls. We found small imaging differences for the right hand, however for the more affected left hand when behavior was successfully inhibited we found reduced activation of the inferior frontal gyrus bilaterally and the insula. Using the stop-signal delay as regressor, contralateral underactivation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal and anterior putamen were found in patients. This finding indicates dysfunction of the right inhibitory network in left-sided Parkinson’s disease. Functional connectivity analysis of the left subthalamic nucleus showed a significant increase of connectivity with bilateral insula. In contrast, the right subthalamic nucleus showed increased connectivity with visuomotor and sensorimotor regions of the cerebellum. We conclude that altered inhibitory control in left-sided Parkinson’s disease is associated with reduced activation in regions dedicated to inhibition in healthy controls, which requires engagement of additional regions, not observed in controls, to successfully stop ongoing actions.

scholarly journals The role of the right presupplementary motor area in stopping action: two studies with event-related transcranial magnetic stimulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Cai ◽  
Jobi S. George ◽  
Frederick Verbruggen ◽  
Christopher D. Chambers ◽  
Adam R. Aron
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Stopping Rules ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stimulation Of

Rapidly stopping action engages a network in the brain including the right presupplementary motor area (preSMA), the right inferior frontal gyrus, and the basal ganglia. Yet the functional role of these different regions within the overall network still remains unclear. Here we focused on the role of the right preSMA in behavioral stopping. We hypothesized that the underlying neurocognitive function of this region is one or more of setting up a stopping rule in advance, modulating response tendencies (e.g., slowing down in anticipation of stopping), and implementing stopping when the stop signal occurs. We performed two experiments with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–guided, event-related, transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS), during the performance of variants of the stop signal task. In experiment 1 we show that stimulation of the right preSMA versus vertex (control site) slowed the implementation of stopping (measured via stop signal reaction time) but had no influence on modulation of response tendencies. In experiment 2, we showed that stimulation of the right preSMA slowed implementation of stopping in a mechanistically selective form of stopping but had no influence on setting up stopping rules. The results go beyond the replication of prior findings by showing that TMS of the right preSMA impairs stopping behavior (including a behaviorally selective form of stopping) through a specific disruption of the implementation of stopping. Future studies are required to establish whether this was due to stimulation of the right preSMA itself or because of remote effects on the wider stopping network.

The subthalamic nucleus is involved in successful inhibition in the stop-signal task: A local field potential study in Parkinson's disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Alegre ◽  
Jon Lopez-Azcarate ◽  
Ignacio Obeso ◽  
Leonora Wilkinson ◽  
Maria C. Rodriguez-Oroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Potential Study

scholarly journals The Role of Right Prefrontal and Medial Cortex in Response Inhibition: Interfering with Action Restraint and Action Cancellation Using Transcranial Magnetic Brain Stimulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1775-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Dambacher ◽  
Alexander T. Sack ◽  
Jill Lobbestael ◽  
Arnoud Arntz ◽  
Suzanne Brugman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Middle Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Superior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Brain Stimulation ◽  
Medial Cortex ◽  
Differential Involvement ◽  
The Right

The ability of inhibiting impulsive urges is paramount for human behavior. Such successful response inhibition has consistently been associated with activity in pFC. The current study aims to unravel the differential involvement of different areas within right pFC for successful action restraint versus action cancellation. These two conceptually different aspects of action inhibition were measured with a go/no-go task (action restraint) and a stop signal task (action cancellation). Localization of relevant prefrontal activation was based on fMRI data. Significant task-related activation during successful action restraint was localized for each participant individually in right anterior insula (rAI), right superior frontal gyrus, and pre-SMA. Activation during successful action cancellation was localized in rAI, right middle frontal gyrus, and pre-SMA. Subsequently, fMRI-guided continuous thetaburst stimulation was applied to these regions. Results showed that the disruption of neural activity in rAI reduced both the ability to restrain (go/no-go) and cancel (stop signal) responses. In contrast, continuous thetaburst stimulation-induced disruption of the right superior frontal gyrus specifically impaired the ability to restrain from responding (go/no-go), while leaving the ability for action cancellation largely intact. Stimulation applied to right middle frontal gyrus and pre-SMA did not affect inhibitory processing in neither of the two tasks. These findings provide a more comprehensive perspective on the role of pFC in inhibition and cognitive control. The results emphasize the role of inferior frontal regions for global inhibition, whereas superior frontal regions seem to be specifically relevant for successful action restraint.

scholarly journals “Distinct roles of dorsal and ventral subthalamic neurons in action selection and cancellation.”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton P. Mosher ◽  
Adam N. Mamelak ◽  
Mahsa Malekmohammadi ◽  
Nader Pouratian ◽  
Ueli Rutishauser
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Action Selection ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Single Neurons ◽  
Motor Programs ◽  
Behavioral Outcome ◽  
Motor Cortical ◽  
Subthalamic Neurons

AbstractThe subthalamic nucleus (STN) supports action selection by inhibiting all motor programs except the desired one. Recent evidence suggests that STN can also cancel an already selected action when goals change, a key aspect of cognitive control. However, there is little neurophysiological evidence for a dissociation between selecting and cancelling actions in the human STN. We recorded single neurons in the STN of humans performing a stop-signal task. Movement-related neurons suppressed their activity during successful stopping whereas stop-signal neurons activated at low-latencies regardless of behavioral outcome. In contrast, STN and motor-cortical beta-bursting occurred only later in the stopping process. Task-related neuronal properties varied by recording location from dorsolateral movement to ventromedial stop-signal tuning. Therefore, action selection and cancellation coexist in STN but are anatomically segregated. These results show that human ventromedial STN neurons carry fast stop-related signals suitable for implementing cognitive control.

scholarly journals The Role of Stimulus Salience and Attentional Capture Across the Neural Hierarchy in a Stop-Signal Task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e26386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten N. Boehler ◽  
Lawrence G. Appelbaum ◽  
Ruth M. Krebs ◽  
Ling-Chia Chen ◽  
Marty G. Woldorff
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Stimulus Salience
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document