scholarly journals Situating Creative Artifacts in Art and Design Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithikul Nimkulrat
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Process Art ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Communication

This article aims to discuss the position of art and design artifacts, and their creation, in a practice-led research process.  Two creative productions and exhibitions featuring my textile artifacts were intentionally carried out in order to tackle a specific research problem, and these will be examined here as case studies.  These cases cover the production and exhibition of two sets of artworks, named Seeing Paper and Paper World, that were created as part of my completed doctoral research entitled Paperness: Expressive Material inTextile Art from an Artist’s Viewpoint. The study examined the relationship between a physical material and artistic expression in textile art and design.  Both cases exemplify the roles of creative productions and artifacts situated in the process of inquiry.  Throughout a practice-led research process, art and design artifacts can serve as inputs into knowledge production and as outputs for knowledge communication.  As inputs, both art productions and artifacts can be the starting point of a research project from which the research question is formulated.  They can also provide data for analysis from which knowledge is constructed.  Asoutputs, artifacts can indicate whether the research problem requires reformulation, demonstrate the experiential knowledge of the creative process, and strengthen the findings articulated in the written output.  Creative practice in a research context can contribute to generating or enhancing the knowledge which is embedded in the practice and embodied by the practitioner.  This knowledge or insight can be obtained from the artist creating the artifact, the artifact created, the process of making it, and the culture in which it is produced and viewed or used, all taking place at different stages of a research process.

scholarly journals Asking Questions in the Qualitative Research Context

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francislê Neri de Souza ◽  
Dayse Neri ◽  
António Costa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Internal Coherence

Research is based on a constant questioning process. All researchers should ask questions in every research phase, what is read, the research design definition, data analysed and the way they are discussed and how their conclusions are drawn. It is generally accepted that to start scientific research, irrespectively of the area of expertise, the starting point is the drafting of one or more research questions, ordinarily known as a research problem. However, for many, starting with a research programme, the idea of formulating one is always a challenge. Some do not know where to start and question whether the question is well formulated. Given these issues, this paper aims to clarify and reinforce the importance of formulating the research problem and/or question, where to get inspiration for its compilation, what are the steps to be followed for its refinement and what is its usefulness during the research process. We also intend to recommend the use of some software packages that may assist the researcher, during questioning in other research phases, and thus maintain internal coherence throughout the research, as well as obtain an answer to the research question.

scholarly journals Identifying the research process to analyse the adoption of the International Baccalaureate’s Diploma Programme in England

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Outhwaite
Keyword(s):  
Critical Realism ◽  
Flow Line ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
State Sector ◽  
Doctor Of Education

This article analyses the flow-line around the methodology used inside an educational research process that was originally established to examine the expansion of the International Baccalaureate’s Diploma Programme (IBDP) in England. This article analyses the research question, then assesses the research focus, aims and objectives. The article then subsequently, briefly, critiques the research problem: how the expansion of the IBDP turned into a rapid decline of the qualification inside the post-16 state sector, so that the research process had to be amended. This article subsequently analyses the research problem that this generated: explaining the discussion of the flow-line, the reasons for the research method choice, and the chosen research paradigm and philosophy of critical realism. The research process analysed in this article comes from a completed Doctor of Education (EdD) which adhered to both the university’s and BERA’s (2011) ethical guidelines.

scholarly journals Moving from plagiarism police to integrity coaches: assisting novice students in understanding the relationship between research and ownership

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Vaccino-Salvadore ◽  
Rachel Hall Buck
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Composition Course ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Novice Writers ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Novice Students ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMuch of the discourse surrounding plagiarism is one of fear—a fear of being caught and punished, but many plagiarism examples happen unintentionally as students struggle with a new language, new ideas, and new communities in tertiary education. Specifically, many students are challenged with the task of writing a research paper, which involves finding academic sources, reading those sources to answer a research question, and integrating direct quotations and paraphrasing. Because novice writers often struggle with these skills, what is a developmental stage is instead interpreted as plagiarism. Much of the discussion of plagiarism involves implicit and explicit definitions of ownership, but there is little research about how students understand the concept of ownership in relation to ideas and language. In this qualitative study, we present data from 18 international students at an American-style university in the Middle East who write an introductory research paper as part of a composition course. Results show that perceptions of plagiarism changed in relation to owning ideas, owning language, and owning time spent on the research process and that distinguishing these boundaries is often difficult for students even within their own final research papers. We suggest teaching more robust note-taking strategies, discussing ownership in terms of a writer’s choices in guiding readers through the paper, and creating an environment where students can understand the complexities of plagiarism rather than simply fearing being caught.

Investigating the ways prior experience informs the research approaches of returning and direct-pathway students in engineering PhD programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Erika A. Mosyjowski ◽  
Shanna R. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Pathway Engineering ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Direct Pathway

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the ways engineering doctoral students draw on prior experiences to inform their doctoral research. This study includes the experiences of “returners” – those who have worked as practitioners for five or more years before entering a PhD program – who have distinct experiences from “direct-pathway students,” which may inform how they engage in doctoral research. This study also explores the traits that distinguish varying levels of sophistication in the ways PhD students think about the research process and how prior experience may contribute. Design/methodology/approach This study draws on interview data from 52 returning and direct-pathway engineering doctoral students. A thematic analysis of this interview data highlights the primary ways participants’ prior professional, academic and life experiences inform their doctoral research. In addition, the authors conducted an iterative analysis process to sort participants’ responses about their management of a hypothetical research scenario into emergent categories of research thinking sophistication to understand what characterizes varying levels of sophistication in research thinking and explore how experience may contribute. Findings Participants identified past experiences as shaping their research, related to how they identify a research problem, considering what needs to and can be done to address the problem, identifying an appropriate research approach, managing unexpected challenges, responding to critical feedback, determining their comfort taking risks and using intuition to lead a project. Originality/value Outcomes of this research can inform how graduate education supports students throughout their degree by identifying key experiences that may contribute to students’ research approaches.

scholarly journals Measuring Quality in Indian VET Institutions: Development Steps Towards a Framework Adapted to the National Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-66
Author(s):  
Muthuveeran Ramasamy ◽  
Julia Regel ◽  
Harshil Sharma ◽  
Anjana Rajagopalan ◽  
Matthias Pilz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
National Context ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Starting Point

Purpose: Purpose: The quality of vocational education and training (VET) processes plays an important role in international education policies and research. In India, issues of quality came into focus in recent years due to an increased demand for skilled workers, and continuing challenges in the area of quality of VET. Existing quality assurance mechanisms of VET in India are characterised by a lack of comprehensiveness and uniform standards. This paper addresses the contextualised development of an Indian-specific approach for quality measurement. It centres on following research question: Which quality areas, criteria and related indicators are of relevance for measuring quality comprehensively? Approach: Design-based research substantiates the research objective, which is to develop a model that is theoretically and technically sound, as well as adapted to the national context. The question of how to create "cultural-fit" was essential for the research process illustrated in this paper. Starting point for the development of the approach was to build a structured review, and following analysis, with reference to existing models and approaches to quality management. The initial search examined national and international academic sources for quality management in business and education, as well as governmental sources for quality management strategies in VET. A significant number of models were selected, based on inclusion criteria, and these models were aggregated to provide a source for a first own conception of an approach. Results: Quality dimensions and criteria were collected and identified with reference to distribution across models. In total, seven major quality areas are identified, namely Institutional Sphere and Context; Personnel; Educational Planning, Provision and Assessment; Learning and Teaching; Leadership and School Management; Industry Linkage and Learner Achievements. In addition, 40 quality criteria are determined under these major quality fields, and relevant quantitative and qualitative sub-indicators for measurement are derived. Conclusion: The actual results will be a basis for the following pilot-based implementation in India. The model can provide meaningful feedback and data-based recommendations for continuous improvement of the Indian VET system and may furthermore provide for a reflected and contextually adapted implementation in other countries. 

Research Question

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Irene Wieczorek ◽  
Piergiuseppe Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Process Research ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Research Questions

This chapter looks at research questions, which identify what the researcher wants to find out or understand. They are a crucial component of any study and are connected to all parts of the research. Depending on the type of study, the research question may either serve as the starting point of the entire research or change in response to the research design. A research question should naturally be formulated in an interrogative manner and should be a query to which the answer is not known at the outset of the research process. Research questions have a twofold purpose: they define the boundaries of a research project, thus guiding the investigation, and they are meant to spark the reader’s interest.

scholarly journals A systems theory perspective on the relationship between practice and research in the making disciplines

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstine Riis
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
Niklas Luhmann ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Structural Coupling ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
Scientific System ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the relationship between practice and research in the making disciplines. The discussion is based on a systems theory with reference to the German sociologist Niklas Luhmann (2007) and the way Rasmussen, Kruse and Holm (2007) use Luhmann´s theory. This article constructs and emphasizes the fundamental difference between the practice system and the scientific system. Furthermore, it highlights the distinctions between practice as the development of knowledge and research as the generation of knowledge. In addition to these boundaries, the following four different forms of knowledge are classified and described:1) practical knowledge and 2) professional knowledge, which are both associated with the practice system, and 3) research knowledge and 4) philosophy of science knowledge, which are associated with the scientific system. While emphasizing a fundamental difference between the practice system and the scientific system, this article assumes that art and design research should deal with aspects from both systems. The systems theory term ‘structural coupling’ offers a way to enable the two systems to influence each other while maintaining their own boundaries. Insider research is a structural coupling between the practice system and the scientific system. By exploring art and design processes from within as both the practitioner and the researcher, it is possible to generate knowledge both about and for practice. This article considers art and design research as a subsystem of the scientific system and argues that this approach may strengthen the further development of art and design research.

scholarly journals The Impact of Political Authority on Building the Architectural Image

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Basim Hasan Hashim Al-Majidi
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Architectural studies differed about the concept of power in architecture according to the type of authority and the intellectual and theoretical orientations of these studies. Authority is one of the key factors influencing the formation of the identity of architecture. The building has its image or the effective way in the formation of its distinctive civilization structure, hence the purpose of the serach study the relationship (political power architecture), and study the potential of power and its impact on the architectural image. Here, the problem of research can be determined by (the lack of clarity of the comprehensive conceptual perception of the political and material capabilities of authority in building the architectural image). In the research problem, deals with a comprehensive conceptual framework which has constructed by addressing a series of studies, researches and international experiences that have reflected the influence of political authority on building the image of architecture, and thus adopting the vocabulary derived from the theoretical framework in analyzing a number of international and Arab's projects that reflect the effective role of authority in building and shaping the architectural identity of those buildings in particular and their reflection on the city in general. The results of this application and conclusions have analyzed, which showed the intentionally effect of political authority on the general taste of the governed group, through the conscious imitation of the vocabulary, forms and relationships of the physical image used by the ruling authority as models of economic power and dominance. The results have showed this effect unconsciously which lead to the production of replicable models in different places or models. It has counted as symbols for a specific period of time and then turn into national symbols that form the starting point of an architectural identity that symbolizes this era.

A study of practice based design research models from knowledge integration perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Honghai LI ◽  
Jun CAI
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Design Innovation

The transformation of China's design innovation industry has highlighted the importance of design research. The design research process in practice can be regarded as the process of knowledge production. The design 3.0 mode based on knowledge production MODE2 has been shown in the Chinese design innovation industry. On this cognition, this paper establishes a map with two dimensions of how knowledge integration occurs in practice based design research, which are the design knowledge transfer and contextual transformation of design knowledge. We use this map to carry out the analysis of design research cases. Through the analysis, we define four typical practice based design research models from the viewpoint of knowledge integration. This method and the proposed model can provide a theoretical basis and a path for better management design research projects.

Perceived Social Support and Resilience among Orphans: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Najmah Jameel ◽  
Shawkat Ahmad Shah ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Ganaie
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Systematic Identification

The present study is based on a systematic research review. The review of literature is an important component of the research process and should be carried out in an orderly manner. It is also known as the back bone of research study. It involves a systematic identification, location and analysis of documents containing information related to the research problem. The purpose of reviewing literature is to determine what has already done by the scientific community related to the research problem and to gain an impression regarding different aspects of the topic understudy. The major objective of the current study is to conduct a systematic review on Perceived social support and resilience among orphans. To go ahead with this goal, it was very important to collect the literature on; (A). Orphans (B). Perceived social support among orphans. (C). Resilience among orphans.

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