Association between Chronotype and Type 2 Diabetes: A Literature Review

Chronotype is an individual attribute of a person regarding circadian rhythm. Past literature denotes that the evening chronotype individuals are more prone to obesity, sleep problems, unhealthy diet and lifestyles. This review investigates original research studies on association between chronotype and diabetes. Total 28 articles were reviewed which were published in four research databases. Evening or later chronotype was associated with diabetes and poor glycemic control. Dietary practices like breakfast skipping, percentage of calories consumed at night to total daily calories were found to partially mediate the association. There is need to study how several risk factors of diabetes and the circadian disruptors influence this association. The abstracts of the shortlisted articles were further studied and relevant articles were shortlisted. Finally, total 28 articles were selected for the review. Articles published in English language only were included. The decision to include or exclude a study; was taken by agreement of all authors.

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Use of Data Mining in the prediction of risk factors of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Gulf countries

Mathematical Modeling and Computing ◽

10.23939/mmc2021.04.638 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 638-645

Author(s):

W. Boutayeb ◽

◽

M. Badaoui ◽

H. Al Ali ◽

A. Boutayeb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Data Mining ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gulf Coast ◽

Use Of Data ◽

Gulf Countries ◽

Unhealthy Diet

Prevalence of diabetes in Gulf countries is knowing a significant increase because of various risk factors, such as: obesity, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and smoking. The aim of our proposed study is to use Data Mining and Data Analysis tools in order to determine different risk factors of the development of Type~2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Gulf countries, from Gulf COAST dataset.

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Knowledge and Perceptions towards Cardiovascular Disease Prevention among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Current Assessments and Recommendations

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399816666200914140939 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Hassan Elnaem ◽

Mahmoud E Elrggal ◽

Nabeel Syed ◽

Atta Abbas Naqvi ◽

Muhammad Abdul Hadi

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Original Research ◽

Knowledge Gaps ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cvd Prevention

Introduction: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is scarcity of literature reviews that describes and summarises T2DM patients' knowledge and perception about CVD prevention. Objectives: To describe and summarise the assessment of knowledge and perceptions about CVD risk and preventive approaches among patients with T2DM. Methods: A scoping review methodology was adopted, and three scientific databases, Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed were searched using predefined search terms. A multistage screening process that considered relevancy, publication year (2009-2019), English language, and article type (original research) was followed. We formulated research questions focused on the assessment of levels of knowledge and perceptions of the illness relevant to CVD prevention and the identification of associated patients' characteristics. Results: A total of 16 studies were included. Patients were not confident to identify CVD risk and other clinical consequences that may occur in the prognostic pathway of T2DM. Furthermore, patients were less likely to identify all CV risk factors indicating a lack of understanding of the multi-factorial contribution of CVD risk. Patients' beliefs about medications were correlated with their level of adherence to medications for CVD prevention. Many knowledge gaps were identified, including the basic disease expectations at the time of diagnosis, identification of individuals' CVD risk factors and management aspects. Knowledge and perceptions were affected by patients' demographic characteristics, e.g., educational level, race, age, and area of residence. Conclusion: There are knowledge gaps concerning the understanding of CVD risk among patients with T2DM. The findings necessitate educational initiatives to boost CVD prevention among patients with T2DM. Furthermore, these should be individualised based on patients' characteristics and knowledge gaps, disease duration and estimated CVD risk.

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Glimepiride: Role of a New Sulfonylurea in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1345/aph.17360 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. 1044-1052 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

R Keith Campbell

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Kansas City ◽

English Language ◽

Original Research ◽

Once Daily ◽

Pharmacodynamic Profile

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical pharmacology data regarding the sulfonylurea glimepiride, and to summarize the clinical trials of glimepiride efficacy and safety alone and in combination with insulin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE database search (English language, January 1985–April 1997) was performed to identify relevant published articles, including reviews and abstracts; the manufacturer (Hoechst Marion Roussel, Kansas City, MO) provided unpublished data. STUDY SELECTION: Pharmacology information was taken from representative original research articles. Eight clinical studies were selected for analysis on the basis of large enrollment, appropriate study design, and publication of results. DATA EXTRACTION: All clinical trials, published and unpublished, were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS: Glimepiride is a sulfonylurea that is pharmacologically distinct from other sulfonylureas because of differences in receptor-binding properties and potentially selective effects on ATP-sensitive K+ channels. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of glimepiride makes it suitable for once-daily dosing. The safety and efficacy of glimepiride have been confirmed in studies involving more than 5000 patients with type 2 diabetes. In one study, once-daily doses of 1–8 mg reduced fasting plasma glucose from baseline by 43–74 mg/dL more than did placebo (p < 0.001), and hemoglobin (Hb) A1C values decreased by 1.2–1.9% more than with placebo (p < 0.001). Two-thirds of patients achieved tight control (i.e., HbA1C ≤ 7.2%). Glimepiride was as effective as second-generation sulfonylureas. The most common adverse events were dizziness and headache, but no single adverse event occurred in more than 2% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Glimepiride appears to be a useful option for patients with type 2 diabetes not controlled by diet and exercise and who want to achieve tight glucose control. Glimepiride can be used alone, in combination with other antihyperglycemic agents, or in patients with secondary sulfonylurea failure, as an adjunct to insulin therapy.

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