The Composition and Structure of Plant Primary Cell Walls

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm A. O'Neill ◽  
William S. York
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Plant Primary Cell Walls

High-performance composites from low-cost plant primary cell walls

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1486-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Bruce ◽  
R.N. Hobson ◽  
J.W. Farrent ◽  
D.G. Hepworth
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Plant Primary Cell Walls

Ultrastructure des parois de cerises Bigarreau Burlat de textures différentes au cours de la maturation

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1974-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Batisse ◽  
P. J. Coulomb ◽  
C. Coulomb ◽  
M. Buret
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Cell Wall Texture ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Soft Fruits

The changes in texture of fruits during ripening are linked to cell wall degradation involving synthesis and degradation of polymers. An increase in pectin solubility leads to cell sliding and an elastic aspect of tissues. The biochemical cell wall process differs between soft and crisp fruits originating from a same cultivar but cultivated under different agroclimatic conditions. Although the proportions of cell wall material are similar, the composition and structure of the two cell walls are very different at maturity. A solubilization of the middle lamella and a restructuration of the primary cell walls arising from the cells separation is observed in crisp fruits. In contrast, the middle lamella of the soft fruits is better preserved and the primary cell walls are thin and show degradation bags delimited by residual membrane formations. In addition, the macroendocytosis process by endosome individualization is more important in soft fruits. In conclusion, the fruit texture depends on the extent of the links between cell wall polymers. Keywords: cherry, cell wall, texture, ultrastructural study.

scholarly journals Resonant soft X-ray scattering reveals cellulose microfibril spacing in plant primary cell walls

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Ye ◽  
Sarah N. Kiemle ◽  
Sintu Rongpipi ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cellulose Microfibril ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Plant Primary Cell Walls ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals Preferred crystallographic orientation of cellulose in plant primary cell walls

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Ye ◽  
Sintu Rongpipi ◽  
Sarah N. Kiemle ◽  
William J. Barnes ◽  
Arielle M. Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Orientational Order ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plant Primary Cell Walls ◽  
Cellulose Crystals

Abstract Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth, is a versatile, energy rich material found in the cell walls of plants, bacteria, algae, and tunicates. It is well established that cellulose is crystalline, although the orientational order of cellulose crystallites normal to the plane of the cell wall has not been characterized. A preferred orientational alignment of cellulose crystals could be an important determinant of the mechanical properties of the cell wall and of cellulose-cellulose and cellulose-matrix interactions. Here, the crystalline structures of cellulose in primary cell walls of onion (Allium cepa), the model eudicot Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and moss (Physcomitrella patens) were examined through grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). We find that GIWAXS can decouple diffraction from cellulose and epicuticular wax crystals in cell walls. Pole figures constructed from a combination of GIWAXS and X-ray rocking scans reveal that cellulose crystals have a preferred crystallographic orientation with the (200) and (110)/($$1\bar 10$$ 1 1 ¯ 0 ) planes preferentially stacked parallel to the cell wall. This orientational ordering of cellulose crystals, termed texturing in materials science, represents a previously unreported measure of cellulose organization and contradicts the predominant hypothesis of twisting of microfibrils in plant primary cell walls.

3-O-Methylrhamnose in lower land plant primary cell walls

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë A. Popper ◽  
Ian H. Sadler ◽  
Stephen C. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Plant Primary Cell Walls

scholarly journals An enzyme activity capable of endotransglycosylation of heteroxylan polysaccharides is present in plant primary cell walls

Planta ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 237 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Johnston ◽  
Roneel Prakash ◽  
Nancy J. Chen ◽  
Monto H. Kumagai ◽  
Helen M. Turano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Plant Primary Cell Walls

scholarly journals Two SusD-Like Proteins Encoded within a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus of an Uncultured Ruminant Bacteroidetes Phylotype Bind Strongly to Cellulose

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (16) ◽  
pp. 5935-5937 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Mackenzie ◽  
P. B. Pope ◽  
H. L. Pedersen ◽  
R. Gupta ◽  
M. Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Biomass Degradation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Plant Biomass Degradation ◽  
Polysaccharide Utilization Locus ◽  
Plant Primary Cell Walls

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate that two characteristic Sus-like proteins encoded within a polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) bind strongly to cellulosic substrates and interact with plant primary cell walls. This shows associations between unculturedBacteroidetes-affiliated lineages and cellulose in the rumen and thus presents new PUL-derived targets to pursue regarding plant biomass degradation.

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