Excessive and less complex body movement in children with autism during face‐to‐face conversation: An objective approach to behavioral quantification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Zhao ◽  
Haiming Tang ◽  
Camila Alviar ◽  
Christopher T. Kello ◽  
Xiaobin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Face To Face

Atypical Head Movement during Face‐to‐Face Interaction in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Zhao ◽  
Zhipeng Zhu ◽  
Xiaobin Zhang ◽  
Haiming Tang ◽  
Jiayi Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Head Movement ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Face To Face

scholarly journals Scale-Independent Aggression: A Fractal Analysis of Four Levels of Human Aggression

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Julia J. C. Blau ◽  
Alexandra Paxton
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Structure ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Fractal Analyses ◽  
Independence Hypothesis ◽  
Behavioral Domain ◽  
Four Levels

Using fractal analyses to study events allows us to capture the scale-independence of those events, that is, no matter at which level we study a phenomenon, we should get roughly the same results because events exhibit similar structure across scales. This is demonstrably true in mathematical fractals but is less assured in behavioral fractals. The current research directly tests the scale-independence hypothesis in the behavioral domain by exploring the fractal structure of aggression, a social phenomenon comprising events that span temporal scales from minutes of face-to-face arguments to centuries of international armed conflicts. Using publicly available data, we examined the temporal fractal structure of four scales of aggression: wars (very macrolevel, worldwide data), riots (macrolevel, worldwide data), violent crimes (microlevel, data gathered from cities and towns in the United States of America), and body movement during arguments (very microlevel, data gathered on American participants). Our results lend mixed support to the scale-independence hypothesis and provide insight into the self-organization of human interactions.

scholarly journals Parent Perceptions of Environmental Triggers for Autism: A community-Based Pilot Study among Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Rural Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Jo Anne Balanay
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Parental Awareness ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Eastern North Carolina

Environmental factors have been increasingly identi ed as the cause of the current high prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand parents’ perceptions regarding environmental in uence and autism. Methods: We conducted individual, face-to-face interviews with parents of children with ASD in Eastern North Carolina. Results: Our sample is comprised of 25 parents of children with autism with an average age of 39.08 and 68% were mothers. Our data indicated that 19 (76%) parents believed that environmental factors impacted the development of their children’s autism, half of whom indicated >50% of influence. Among these environmental triggers, food and water (52%), air pollution (40%), pesticides and cleaning products (20%) were the most identied contributing factors associated with the onset of autism. Conclusions: Our findings reflected some unmet needs to improve parental awareness of environmental triggers of ASD.

scholarly journals Normal Gaze Cueing in Children with Autism Is Disrupted by Simultaneous Speech Utterances in “Live” Face-to-Face Interactions

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Potter ◽  
Simon Webster
Keyword(s):  
Children With Autism ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Developmentally Delayed ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Gaze Cueing ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Mouth Movement ◽  
Gaze Cues

Gaze cueing was assessed in children with autism and in typically developing children, using a computer-controlled “live” face-to-face procedure. Sensitivity to gaze direction was assessed using a Posner cuing paradigm. Both static and dynamic directional gaze cues were used. Consistent with many previous studies, using photographic and cartoon faces, gaze cueing was present in children with autism and was not developmentally delayed. However, in the same children, gaze cueing was abolished when a mouth movement occurred at the same time as the gaze cue. In contrast, typical children were able to use gaze cues in all conditions. The findings indicate that gaze cueing develops successfully in some children with autism but that their attention is disrupted by speech utterances. Their ability to learn to read nonverbal emotional and intentional signals provided by the eyes may therefore be significantly impaired. This may indicate a problem with cross-modal attention control or an abnormal sensitivity to peripheral motion in general or the mouth region in particular.

scholarly journals An evaluation of sensory processing training on the competence, confidence and practice of teachers working with children with autism

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-17
Author(s):  
Aideen Ruttledge ◽  
John Cathcart
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Impact

Purpose At present, there is no research to support teachers’ use of sensory interventions in the classroom. This study aims to investigate the extent to how participation in a sensory processing training session would improve teachers’ competence, confidence and practice towards supporting children with autism. Design/methodology/approach A pilot study design with mixed qualitative and quantitative methods was used to evaluate the impact of sensory processing training on six teachers who taught at least one child with autism in a mainstream school. The Autism Education Trust Competency Framework and face-to-face semi-structured interviews were completed with participants both pre (Time 1) and post (Time 2) training session. Findings Quantitative findings presented statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in results with large effect sizes in the areas of confidence, knowledge, implementing sensory strategies, adjusting sensory environments, reviewing and reflecting. Qualitative data provided by participants corroborated this and indicated a need for further and more detailed training in the area. There was no change in the practice of teachers consulting with pupils about their sensory needs. Practical implications This study found that the attendance of teachers at sensory processing training is justified and the promotion of sensory processing training is therefore warranted. Originality/value Findings of this pilot study indicate that sensory processing training for teachers does improve competence, confidence and practice towards supporting children with autism. Review of the session to allow more detail, including consulting with the children themselves, is recommended.

scholarly journals Body synchrony in triadic interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 200095
Author(s):  
Rick Dale ◽  
Gregory A. Bryant ◽  
Joseph H. Manson ◽  
Matthew M. Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Optic Flow ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Triadic Interaction ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Linguistic Style ◽  
Task Success ◽  
Almost All

Humans subtly synchronize body movement during face-to-face conversation. In this context, bodily synchrony has been linked to affiliation and social bonding, task success and comprehension, and potential conflict. Almost all studies of conversational synchrony involve dyads, and relatively less is known about the structure of synchrony in groups larger than two. We conducted an optic flow analysis of body movement in triads engaged in face-to-face conversation, and explored a common measure of synchrony: time-aligned bodily covariation. We correlated this measure of synchrony with a diverse set of covariates related to the outcome of interactions. Triads showed higher maximum cross-correlation relative to a surrogate baseline, and ‘meta-synchrony’, in that composite dyads in a triad tended to show correlated structure. A windowed analysis also revealed that synchrony varies widely across an interaction. As in prior studies, average synchrony was low but statistically reliable in just a few minutes of interaction. In an exploratory analysis, we investigated the potential function of body synchrony by predicting it from various covariates, such as linguistic style matching, liking, laughter and cooperative play in a behavioural economic game. Exploratory results do not reveal a clear function for synchrony, though colaughter within triads was associated with greater body synchrony, and is consistent with an earlier analysis showing a positive connection between colaughter and cooperation. We end by discussing the importance of expanding and codifying analyses of synchrony and assessing its function.

scholarly journals Complexity of Body Movements during Sleep in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Naoki Furutani ◽  
Tetsuya Takahashi ◽  
Nobushige Naito ◽  
Takafumi Maruishi ◽  
Yuko Yoshimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Movement Complexity

Recently, measuring the complexity of body movements during sleep has been proven as an objective biomarker of various psychiatric disorders. Although sleep problems are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and might exacerbate ASD symptoms, their objectivity as a biomarker remains to be established. Therefore, details of body movement complexity during sleep as estimated by actigraphy were investigated in typically developing (TD) children and in children with ASD. Several complexity analyses were applied to raw and thresholded data of actigraphy from 17 TD children and 17 children with ASD. Determinism, irregularity and unpredictability, and long-range temporal correlation were examined respectively using the false nearest neighbor (FNN) algorithm, information-theoretic analyses, and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Although the FNN algorithm did not reveal determinism in body movements, surrogate analyses identified the influence of nonlinear processes on the irregularity and long-range temporal correlation of body movements. Additionally, the irregularity and unpredictability of body movements measured by expanded sample entropy were significantly lower in ASD than in TD children up to two hours after sleep onset and at approximately six hours after sleep onset. This difference was found especially for the high-irregularity period. Through this study, we characterized details of the complexity of body movements during sleep and demonstrated the group difference of body movement complexity across TD children and children with ASD. Complexity analyses of body movements during sleep have provided valuable insights into sleep profiles. Body movement complexity might be useful as a biomarker for ASD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document