The pitfalls of property valuation for commercial real estate lenders: using a comparative income approach to improve accuracy

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Payne ◽  
Arnold L. Redman
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-143
Author(s):  
Maurizio d’Amato ◽  
◽  
Paola Amoruso ◽  

Whilst the property market shows cyclical behaviours, opinions of value based on income approaches assume that there is stable or perpetually growing (or decreasing) income without considering the effects of the property market cycle on leasing contracts. The paper therefore focuses on the application of a valuation method for income producing properties which have a value that is affected by the upturns and downturns of property market cycles. Continuing from the previous works in this area (d¡¦Amato, 2003, d¡¦Amato, 2013; d¡¦Amato, 2015) the income approach method here is applied to the office market in four areas of London. In applying this valuation method, property valuation and time series analysis are integrated. The work provides a general introduction on cyclical capitalization as another family of valuation methodologies based on the income approach and then an application of cyclical capitalization to areas of London which highlight their strength and weakness.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Stokes ◽  
Arthur Cox

PurposeThe aim of this study is to report on a simple derivation that results in what the authors refer to as the lending cap rate. The lending cap rate is a unique cap rate resulting in a property valuation that perfectly aligns the maximum loan amount for the financing of commercial real estate.Design/methodology/approachThe derivation is the result of simple algebra relating the two most common underwriting ratios: debt service coverage and loan-to-value with the formula for the present value of an annuity. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the calculation of the lending cap rate, property valuation and maximum loan amount. The authors also present comparative statics results.FindingsThe main finding of this research is that once a lender knows the debt service coverage ratio, loan-to-value ratio and lending terms for a specific property financing request, a simple calculation reveals the lending cap rate and the property valuation that aligns the maximum loan amount implied by the two underwriting ratios.Practical implicationsOne practical implication of the research is that a simple calculation reveals the lending cap rate which facilitates timely property evaluations for lending purposes. The methods demonstrated also offer real estate finance educators a practical means of connecting the loan underwriting process with property appraisal thereby facilitating conceptual understanding.Originality/valueThe key finding is original, and the importance of the finding is that the determination of the lending cap rate is simple and has the ability to make commercial real estate lending faster and cheaper, especially in lending situations where an evaluation rather than an appraisal is appropriate.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Berry ◽  
David Mcilhatton ◽  
Pernille Christensen ◽  
David Chapman

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