Control of Molecular Conformation and Crystal Packing of Biphenyl Derivatives

ChemPlusChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Landeros-Rivera ◽  
Jesús Hernández-Trujillo
2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Carine Duhayon ◽  
Yves Canac ◽  
Laurent Dubrulle ◽  
Carine Maaliki ◽  
Remi Chauvin

Electrostatic interactions between localized integral charges make the stability and structure of highly charged small and rigid organics intriguing. Can σ/π-electron delocalization compensate reduced conformational freedom by lowering the repulsion between identical charges? The crystal structure of the title salt, C14H16N42+·2CF3SO3−, (2), is described and compared with that of the 2,2′′-bis(diphenylphosphanyl) derivative, (4). The conformations of the dications and their interactions with neighbouring trifluoromethanesulfonate anions are first analyzed from the standpoint of formal electrostatic effects. Neither cation exhibits any geometrical strain induced by the intrinsic repulsion between the positive charges. In contrast, the relative orientation of the imidazolium rings [i.e. antifor (2) andsynfor (4)] is controlled by different configurations of the interactions with the closest trifluoromethanesulfonate anions. The long-range arrangement is also found to be specific: beyond the formal electrostatic packing, C—H...O and C—H...F contacts have no definite `hydrogen-bond' character but allow the delineation of layers, which are either pleated or flat in the packing of (2) or (4), respectively.


1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. R. Gilson ◽  
G. Gomez ◽  
I. S. Butler ◽  
P. J. Fitzpatrick

The barriers to cyclopentadienyl ring rotation in the solid phase have been measured by spin-lattice relaxation time methods for the organometallic complexes CpMn(CO)3 (7.24 kJ mol−1), CpRe(CO)3 (7.15 kJ mol−1), and CpV(CO)4 (7.07 kJ mol−1), where Cp = η5-C5H5. Nonbonded atom–atom potential calculations of the barriers in these complexes and in BzCr(CO)3 (Bz = η6-C6H6) show that the molecular conformation of the Mn and Re compounds is determined by crystal packing forces and that concerted ring motions are possible for the cyclopentadienyl complexes, but not for the benzene chromium tricarbonyl.


2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. o112-o113
Author(s):  
N. R. Sajitha ◽  
M. Sithambaresan ◽  
M. R. Prathapachandra Kurup

The molecule of the title compound, C16H17N3O2S, adopts anEconformation with respect to the azomethine C=N bond. The hydrazinecarbothioamide fragment is close to planar, with a largest deviation from the least-squares plane of 0.079 (2) Å for the hydrazide N atom. This fragment forms a dihedral angle of 9.43 (9)° with the central benzene ring. The benzene rings are inclined to one another by 67.55 (12)°. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond involving the azomethine N atom. In the crystal, molecules are linked through weak N—H...S and N—H...O hydrogen bonds into double ribbons along [010]. The crystal packing also features C—H...π interactions.


2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. o1084-o1084
Author(s):  
D. Kannan ◽  
M. Bakthadoss ◽  
R. Madhanraj ◽  
S. Murugavel

In the title compound, C25H22N2O3S, the sulfonyl-bound benzene ring forms dihedral angles of 36.8 (2) and 81.4 (2)°, respectively, with the formylbenzene and methylbenzene rings. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bond, which generates anS(5) ring motif. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, which generateC(11) chains along thebaxis. The crystal packing is further stabilized by π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.927 (2) Å].


2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. o4308-o4309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray J. Butcher ◽  
Jerry P. Jasinski ◽  
Anil N. Mayekar ◽  
B. Narayana ◽  
H. S. Yathirajan

In the title compound, C17H12Br3Cl2NO, the mean planes of the 3,5-dibromo-4-phenyl and 2,4-dichlorophenyl groups make a dihedral angle of 72.4 (2)°. The dihedral angles between the 2-bromoprop-2-en-1-one group and the two phenyl ring groups (3,5-dibromo-4-phenyl and 2,4-dichlorophenyl) are 71.1 (1) and 10.9 (4)°, respectively. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen-bond interactions between the ethylamino H atom and the propyl ketone O atom, with the 3,5-dibromo-4-phenyl rings linked in chains in an alternate inverted pattern parallel and oblique to the ac face and diagonally along the a axis of the unit cell. An intramolecular hydrogen bond between the ethyl amino H atom and the 5-Br atom from the 3,5-dibromo-4-phenyl group helps stabilize the molecular conformation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1111-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shet M. Prakash ◽  
S. Naveen ◽  
N. K. Lokanath ◽  
P. A. Suchetan ◽  
Ismail Warad

2-Aminopyridine and citric acid mixed in 1:1 and 3:1 ratios in ethanol yielded crystals of two 2-aminopyridinium citrate salts, viz. C5H7N2 +·C6H7O7 − (I) (systematic name: 2-aminopyridin-1-ium 3-carboxy-2-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxypropanoate), and 3C5H7N2 +·C6H5O7 3− (II) [systematic name: tris(2-aminopyridin-1-ium) 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate]. The supramolecular synthons present are analysed and their effect upon the crystal packing is presented in the context of crystal engineering. Salt I is formed by the protonation of the pyridine N atom and deprotonation of the central carboxylic group of citric acid, while in II all three carboxylic groups of the acid are deprotonated and the charges are compensated for by three 2-aminopyridinium cations. In both structures, a complex supramolecular three-dimensional architecture is formed. In I, the supramolecular aggregation results from Namino—H...Oacid, Oacid...H—Oacid, Oalcohol—H...Oacid, Namino—H...Oalcohol, Npy—H...Oalcohol and Car—H...Oacid interactions. The molecular conformation of the citrate ion (CA3−) in II is stabilized by an intramolecular Oalcohol—H...Oacid hydrogen bond that encloses an S(6) ring motif. The complex three-dimensional structure of II features Namino—H...Oacid, Npy—H...Oacid and several Car—H...Oacid hydrogen bonds. In the crystal of I, the common charge-assisted 2-aminopyridinium–carboxylate heterosynthon exhibited in many 2-aminopyridinium carboxylates is not observed, instead chains of N—H...O hydrogen bonds and hetero O—H...O dimers are formed. In the crystal of II, the 2-aminopyridinium–carboxylate heterosynthon is sustained, while hetero O—H...O dimers are not observed. The crystal structures of both salts display a variety of hydrogen bonds as almost all of the hydrogen-bond donors and acceptors present are involved in hydrogen bonding.


2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. o1578-o1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. A. Harrison ◽  
H. S. Yathirajan ◽  
B. K. Sarojini ◽  
B. Narayana ◽  
K. K. Vijaya Raj

The geometrical parameters for the title compound, C16H12BrClO2, are normal. The observed bond lengths and angles imply that there is little electronic conjugation between the two benzene ring systems. An intramolecular C—H...Br interaction may help to establish the molecular conformation. The crystal packing results in a centrosymmetric structure.


2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Damian Rosiak ◽  
Andrzej Okuniewski ◽  
Jarosław Chojnacki

By the reaction of benzoyl chloride, potassium isothiocyanate and the appropriate halogenoaniline, i.e. 2/3/4-(bromo/iodo)aniline, we have obtained five new 1-benzoyl-3-(halogenophenyl)thioureas, namely, 1-benzoyl-3-(2-bromophenyl)thiourea and 1-benzoyl-3-(3-bromophenyl)thiourea, C14H11BrN2OS, and 1-benzoyl-3-(2-iodophenyl)thiourea, 1-benzoyl-3-(3-iodophenyl)thiourea and 1-benzoyl-3-(4-iodophenyl)thiourea, C14H11IN2OS. Structural and conformational features of the compounds have been analyzed using X-ray diffraction and theoretical calculations. The novel compounds were characterized by solid-state IR and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy. The conformations and intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, π–π and S(6)...π stacking, and X...O (X = I or Br), I...S and I...π, have been examined and rationalized, together with four analogous compounds described previously in the literature. The set of nine compounds was chosen to examine how a change of the halogen atom and its position on the phenyl ring affects the molecular and crystal structures.


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