scholarly journals One-year experiment on the physiological response of the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga,Lithophyllum cabiochae, to elevatedpCO2and temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 676-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Martin ◽  
Stéphanie Cohu ◽  
Céline Vignot ◽  
Guillaume Zimmerman ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gattuso
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Response ◽  
Crustose Coralline Alga ◽  
Coralline Alga ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Mineralogical response of the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga <i>Lithophyllum cabiochae</i> to near-future ocean acidification and warming

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merinda C. Nash ◽  
Sophie Martin ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gattuso
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Crustose Coralline Alga ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Coralline Alga ◽  
Magnesium Calcite ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Strong Control ◽  
Near Future

Abstract. Red calcareous coralline algae are thought to be among organisms the most vulnerable to ocean acidification due to the high solubility of their magnesium calcite skeleton. Although, skeletal mineralogy is proposed to change as CO2 and temperature continues rising, there is currently very little information available on the response of coralline algal carbonate mineralogy to near-future changes in pCO2 and temperature. Here we present results from a one-year controlled laboratory experiment to test mineralogical responses to pCO2 and temperature in the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga (CCA) Lithophyllum cabiochae. Our results show that Mg incorporation is mainly constrained by temperature (+1 mol% MgCO3 for an increase of 3 °C) and there was no response to pCO2. This suggests that L. cabiochae thalli have the ability to buffer calcifying medium against ocean acidification, enabling them to continue to deposit Mg-calcite with a significant mol% MgCO3 under elevated pCO2. Analyses of CCA dissolution chips showed a decrease in Mg content after 1 year for all treatments but this was not affected by pCO2 nor by temperature. Our findings suggest that biological processes exert a strong control on calcification on Mg-calcite and that CCA may be more resilient under rising CO2 than previously thought. However, previously demonstrated increased skeletal dissolution with ocean acidification will still have major consequences for the stability and maintenance of Mediterranean coralligenous habitats.

scholarly journals Mineralogical response of the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga <i>Lithophyllum cabiochae</i> to near-future ocean acidification and warming

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5937-5945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merinda C. Nash ◽  
Sophie Martin ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gattuso
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Crustose Coralline Alga ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Coralline Alga ◽  
Magnesium Calcite ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Strong Control ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
Near Future

Abstract. Red calcareous coralline algae are thought to be among the organisms most vulnerable to ocean acidification due to the high solubility of their magnesium calcite skeleton. Although skeletal mineralogy is proposed to change as CO2 and temperature continue to rise, there is currently very little information available on the response of coralline algal carbonate mineralogy to near-future changes in pCO2 and temperature. Here we present results from a 1-year controlled laboratory experiment to test mineralogical responses to pCO2 and temperature in the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga (CCA) Lithophyllum cabiochae. Our results show that Mg incorporation is mainly constrained by temperature (+1 mol % MgCO3 for an increase of 3 °C), and there was no response to pCO2. This suggests that L. cabiochae thalli have the ability to buffer their calcifying medium against ocean acidification, thereby enabling them to continue to deposit magnesium calcite with a significant mol % MgCO3 under elevated pCO2. Analyses of CCA dissolution chips showed a decrease in Mg content after 1 year for all treatments, but this was affected neither by pCO2 nor by temperature. Our findings suggest that biological processes exert a strong control on calcification on magnesium calcite and that CCA may be more resilient under rising CO2 than previously thought. However, previously demonstrated increased skeletal dissolution with ocean acidification will still have major consequences for the stability and maintenance of Mediterranean coralligenous habitats.

United Nations Security Council Resolutions 2240, 2312 & 2380

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-179
Author(s):  
Andreas Schloenhardt
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Member States ◽  
Irregular Migrants ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
One Year

In response to the large number of irregular migrants crossing the Mediterranean Sea from Libya to southern Italy, frequently using overcrowded, unseaworthy vessels, and often facilitated by migrant smugglers, on October 9, 2015, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) adopted Resolution 2240. This resolution authorizes member states to intercept, inspect, and seize vessels suspected of being used to smuggle migrants or to traffic persons. Initially limited to one year, these measures were renewed through two further UNSC resolutions on October 6, 2016, and October 5, 2017.

scholarly journals Nitrogen enrichment offsets direct negative effects of ocean acidification on a reef-building crustose coralline alga

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 20180371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie D. Johnson ◽  
Robert C. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Crustose Coralline Alga ◽  
Nitrogen Enrichment ◽  
Coralline Alga ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Near Future

Ocean acidification (OA) and nutrient enrichment threaten the persistence of near shore ecosystems, yet little is known about their combined effects on marine organisms. Here, we show that a threefold increase in nitrogen concentrations, simulating enrichment due to coastal eutrophication or consumer excretions, offset the direct negative effects of near-future OA on calcification and photophysiology of the reef-building crustose coralline alga, Porolithon onkodes . Projected near-future pCO 2 levels (approx. 850 µatm) decreased calcification by 30% relative to ambient conditions. Conversely, nitrogen enrichment (nitrate + nitrite and ammonium) increased calcification by 90–130% in ambient and high pCO 2 treatments, respectively. pCO 2 and nitrogen enrichment interactively affected instantaneous photophysiology, with highest relative electron transport rates under high pCO 2 and high nitrogen. Nitrogen enrichment alone increased concentrations of the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a , phycocyanin and phycoerythrin by approximately 80–450%, regardless of pCO 2 . These results demonstrate that nutrient enrichment can mediate direct organismal responses to OA. In natural systems, however, such direct benefits may be counteracted by simultaneous increases in negative indirect effects, such as heightened competition. Experiments exploring the effects of multiple stressors are increasingly becoming important for improving our ability to understand the ramifications of local and global change stressors in near shore ecosystems.

scholarly journals The role of chitin-rich skeletal organic matrix on the crystallization of calcium carbonate in the crustose coralline alga Leptophytum foecundum

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Azizur Rahman ◽  
Jochen Halfar ◽  
Walter H. Adey ◽  
Merinda Nash ◽  
Carlos Paulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Crustose Coralline Alga ◽  
Coralline Alga

Industrial-Scale Applications of Fixed Biomass on the Mediterranean Seaboard. Design, Operating Results

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gilles
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Treatment Stage ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
One Year

The technology that consists of treating sewage on submerged granular filters is now far beyond the stages of research and testing on pilot units. Fifteen or so full-scale facilities are in operation in France using, as a biological treatment stage, the fixed biomass technology as realised by the Biocarbone process, particularly for the treatment of sewage from built-up areas along the seaboard. These are cases where the advantages of this technique can be put to decisive use. The Mediterranean seaboard is an ideal site for this technology. Cases in point are the waterworks of Sanary Bandol (pop.60,000) and Perpignan (pop.160,000), that have been in operation for two years and one year respectively. Waterworks in Monaco (pop.100,000) and Antibes (pop.170,000) will be commissioned in 1989 using the same technology. Results obtained during intensive controls show that the fixed biomass, designed with a suitable industrial technology, is capable of producing in routine conditions, on full industrial-scale plant, a very good quality effluent. (COD : 70 mg/l, TSS : 20 mg/l) for pollutant loads in the order of 8 kg COD/m3 day. It enables the fluctuations in the daily flow-rate and pollution load of the influent to be absorbed. The units currently being built are examples of what can be done in compact roofed facilities incorporating a fixed biomass treatment stage, with the objective of reaching a no-nuisance level.

scholarly journals Physiological response of the coralline alga Corallina officinalis L. to both predicted long-term increases in temperature and short-term heatwave events

2019 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 104764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Rendina ◽  
Phil J. Bouchet ◽  
Luca Appolloni ◽  
Giovanni F. Russo ◽  
Roberto Sandulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Response ◽  
Coralline Alga ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Corallina Officinalis
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