Effect of life stage and target tissue on dose‐response assessment of ethyl methane sulfonate‐induced genotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta A. Mittelstaedt ◽  
Azra Dad ◽  
Mason G. Pearce ◽  
Robert H. Heflich ◽  
Xuefei Cao
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane

PERLAKUAN ETHYL METHANE SULFONATE (EMS) PADA ENTEROBACTER AEROGENES AY-2 DARI LIMBAH METAN FERMENTASI UNTUK PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI GAS HIDROGEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahyudin Abdul Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane

Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2 mutant is known for hydrogen gas producer which ws obtained from the sludge of methane fermentation and the yield is 1.5 fold higher than wildtype. Hydrogen gas production can be gain via NADH oxidation in anaerobic metabolic pathway by blocking organic acid production. Metabolic pathway can be changed by mutagenesis. Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2 mutated with ethyl methane sulfonate in logarithmic phase with consentration 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 μl/ml cell suspention during 120 minute. Mutation that result lowest survival ratio (0,01%) was 14 μl EMS/ml cell suspention is repeated with variation incubation time, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minute. 166 double mutant colony has been collected and choosen randomly. The choosen 43 colony was fermented in glycerol complex medium for determining ten double mutant with the highest H2 production. Double mutant AD-H43 is a highest H2 producer that increase 20% H2 production from AY-2 and has a decrease lactid acid production, 31% less from AY-2. Increasing H2 production in double mutant AD-H43 is caused by lactate dehydrogenase deffi cient.Keywords: Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), H2 and methane sludge

Effectiveness and efficiency of electron beam in comparison with gamma rays and ethyl methane sulfonate mutagens in cowpea

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 109640
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar Eswaramoorthy ◽  
Thangaraj Kandasamy ◽  
Kalaimagal Thiyagarajan ◽  
Chockalingam Vanniarajan ◽  
Souframanien Jegadeesan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

scholarly journals EXTRACHROMOSOMAL ELEMENT DELTA IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. IX. INDUCTION OF DELTA-RETAINING CHROMOSOME LINES BY MUTATION AND GENE MAPPING

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-487
Author(s):  
Sumio Minamori ◽  
Kinue Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Chromosomal Gene ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Multiple Alleles ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Extrachromosomal Element ◽  
Polygenic System ◽  
Killing Action

ABSTRACT [Delta b], symbolized as [δb], is retained by Sb chromosome lines and transmitted through the females to their progeny. Transmission through the males is not directly demonstrable (Minamori 1969a). [delta r], symbolized as [δr], is retained by Sr chromosome lines and transmitted biparentally (Minamori 1971). The multiplication of delta is suppressed at low temperature. All descendant lines derived from Sb-carrying or Sr-carrying flies in which the presence of delta cannot be demonstrated gradually accumulate their specific delta factors over many generations (Minamori 1969b, 1972). The delta factors and the sensitive chromosomes are inseparably associated. This observation led to the assumption that delta may be a copy of a chromosomal gene or a certain agent integrated into the chromosome (Minamori 1972). This assumption was examined in the present study by experiments designed to induce delta-retaining sensitive chromosomes, and to map the gene(s) responsible for delta-retention and/or for sensitivity to the killing action of delta factor. One sensitive chromosome which retained [δb] (Sb chromosome) was obtained in the presence of [δb] out of 2492 insensitive chromosomes which retained no delta; in addition one Sb chromosome was obtained in the presence of [δr] out of 2131 insensitives. The latter finding suggests that Sb might be induced by a mutation caused by [δb] or [δr], but not by integration of either delta into the chromosome. Four Sb chromosomes and one sensitive chromosome which retained [δr] (Sr chromosome) were obtained out of 1970 insensitives when males carrying the chromosome were fed an alkylating mutagen, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). The location of delta-retaining genes was examined by crossing-over experiments employing eight Sb and five Sr chromosomes. The genes on these chromosomes were found to be located in the same region or near one another. The gene for [δb], symbolized as Dab, and the gene for [δr], symbolized as Dar, are assumed to be multiple alleles of a locus at 2-24.9. The sensitivity of the chromosomes was modified appreciably by recombination; hence, the genes controlling this trait are assumed to be a polygenic system. The findings obtained in this study lead to the hypothesis that delta may be produced by a chromosomal gene (Da) and transmitted extrachromosomally.

Enhanced production of extracellular lipase by ethyl methane sulfonate from soil fungal strain in submerged and solid-state fermentation condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Priya Chaudhary ◽  
Arun Kumar Sharma ◽  
Pracheta Janmeda
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Random Mutation ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Time Period

Enhancement in the production of enzyme by utilizing different strains of microbe is one of the main prospects in biotechnology. In the present work, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMF) was selected as the chemical mutagen for inducing mutagenesis in fungi. It is a cheap method to induce random mutation as compared to other methods of recombinant technologies. Strain improvement was done by incubating the fungal spore suspension at variable concentrations of EMS i.e. 4% (v/v) and 10% (v/v) for the time period of 60, 90, and 120 min respectively. The set of control was treated with distilled water only. The fungal colonies were found to be maximum in control plate as compared to the EMF exposed plates. The number of fungal colonies was reduced as we raised the exposure time of EMF. Specific activity and the lipase activity of wild strain and hyperproducer were evaluated under the submerged (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF). The wild strain denoted the 3.2 U/ml/min of enzymatic activity under SmF and 15.87 U/g/min of activity under SSF. In contrast, the best enzymatic activity was represented by S2St1 at 10% of EMS after the time period of 60 min i.e. 11.7 U/ml/min under SmF and 99.35 U/g/min under SSF after the time period of 72 hrs. Statistical analysis by using one-way ANOVA determined that the value of F calculated was lower than the F tabulated. So, there was a significant relation between the EMS percentage and time of exposure among the mutated strains. In conclusion, this soil fungal strain can be utilized to produce lipase enzyme for numerous industrial applications.

scholarly journals Curly Stem – an Induced Mutation in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 3-4) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tejklová
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Wild Type Allele ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Straight Stem ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Stem Shape

After ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) treatment of two flax lines, curly stem mutations appeared in both, besides of other mutations. Genetic analysis of one CS mutant line confirmed a monogenic inheritance of the changed stem shape. The curly stem allele is partially dominant over the wild type allele for straight stem. Homozygotic mutants have a curly stem, heterozygotic plants have a flexuous stem, while the stem of homozygotic recessive plants is straight. The expression of the curly stem character is affected by factors influencing plant growth. The utilisation of this mutation for ornamental and other purposes is considered.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genotoxic activity of maleic hydrazide, ethyl methane sulfonate, and N-nitroso diethylamine in Tradescantia

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alvarez-Moya ◽  
Anne Santerre-Lucas ◽  
Guillermo Zúñiga-González ◽  
Olivia Torres-Bugarín ◽  
Eduardo Padilla-Camberos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Genotoxic Activity

scholarly journals Registration of six upland cotton germplasm lines with improved fiber quality through ethyl methane sulfonate treatments and selection

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Efrem Bechere ◽  
Dick L. Auld ◽  
C. Wayne Smith ◽  
Roy G. Cantrell ◽  
Eric F. Hequet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane

scholarly journals Development of pre-breeding diploid potato germplasm displaying wide phenotypic variations as induced by ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Somalraju ◽  
Kaushik Ghose ◽  
David Main ◽  
Benoit Bizimungu ◽  
Bourlaye Fofana
Keyword(s):  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Diploid Potato ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Stem Colour

Mutations are the key drivers for evolution and diversification in plants. In varietal selection, sources for variation are always sought as starting breeding materials. Thus, in the absence of desired natural variations in breeding populations, targeted or random mutagenesis is applied to induce variations. Cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is autotetraploid crop species with a narrow and highly heterozygous genetic base, and the complexity of its genome makes its genetic studies more difficult. In the current study, induced mutagenesis was performed in diploid potato using ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to enlarge the genetic variability for its use as pre-breeding materials in both polyploid and diploid potato breeding. As starting materials, true potato seeds were treated with 1.2% EMS for 4–6 h along with untreated seeds as controls. A large variation in terms of germination rate, plant, flower, and tuber phenotype was observed in EMS-treated plants compared with their untreated counterparts. In particular, abnormal phenotypes including twisted stem, partial and (or) completely chlorotic leaves and stems, variations in stem colour and weak-stemmed plants with lateral growth habit as well as plants with determinate growth habit were observed along with normal plant characteristics. Moreover, variations in flower colour and tuber colour, shape, and size, as well as yield potential, were observed in EMS-treated lines. The reported phenotypic characterization of EMS mutagenized diploid potato collection is to our knowledge the first in its kind and represents a premium genetic resource for potato breeding programs and plant biologists for genes functional characterization in potato.

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