scholarly journals Quantification of polyreactive immunoglobulin G facilitates the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis

Hepatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Taubert ◽  
Bastian Engel ◽  
Jana Diestelhorst ◽  
Katharina Luise Hupa‐Breier ◽  
Patrick Behrendt ◽  
...  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 995-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doo-Ho Lim ◽  
Yong-Gil Kim ◽  
Danbi Lee ◽  
Soo Min Ahn ◽  
Seokchan Hong ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Ueda ◽  
Yoshio Aizawa ◽  
Chika Kinoshita ◽  
Tomohisa Nagano ◽  
Jinya Ishida ◽  
...  

Abstract BACKGROUND Centrilobular zonal necrosis (CZN) is advocated as a histological hallmark present in a small number of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (CZN-AIH). Moreover, CZN has been detected in the absence of significant interface hepatitis, one of the most important histological findings of AIH. The concept of CZN-AIH as a distinctive subtype of AIH remains controversial, due to the rarity of CZN-AIH and the ambiguous definition of CZN. To elucidate the clinicopathological and immunogenetic features of CZN-AIH, and to evaluate the significance of co-existent interface hepatitis in CZN-AIH. METHODS A total of 102 biopsy samples of AIH, obtained at The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center and Jikei University Hospital, were reviewed. The 32 patients whose biopsies showed CZN were selected as the CZN-AIH group and the remaining 70 were grouped as the non-CZN-AIH controls. In the CZN-AIH group, interface hepatitis was histologically present in 37.5% (n=12; mixed-type) and absent in 62.5% (n=20; pure-type). Data on clinical, histopathologic and immunogenetic features were statistically compared between the CZN-AIH group and the non-CZH-AIH controls. Additionally, significance of interface hepatitis in CZN-AIH was determined by comparative analysis of the mixed-type and pure-type subgroups. RESULTS Cases of CZN-AIH were more frequently of acute-onset hepatitis (56.2% vs chronic: 32.9%, P=0.031), lower immunoglobulin G level (P<0.001), lower antinuclear antibodies titer (P<0.001), and lower AIH score (P<0.001). Compared to the non-CZN-AIH cases, the CZN-AIH cases also tended to lack the typical histological characteristics of AIH and of the immunogenetic disproportionate distribution of HLA-DR genotypes in AIH (increased HLA-DR4 and decreased HLA-DR9), and responded more favorably to first-line therapy (P=0.054). For the acute-onset CZN-AIH cases, the clinical and histological features were indistinguishable from the non-acute cases. In contrast, the acute-onset non-CZN-AIH cases were distinguishable from the non-acute cases by lower antinuclear antibodies titer, lower immunoglobulin G level, and less advanced histological stage. The presence of interface hepatitis generally did not influence the morbidity of CZN-AIH, except for comorbid autoimmune diseases, higher gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase level, and increased immunoglobulin M level. CONCLUSION CZN-AIH is clinicopathologically and immunogenetically distinguishable. CZN can characterize a distinct AIH subtype, regardless of onset-pattern or co-existent interface hepatitis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 761-767
Author(s):  
Alessio Gerussi ◽  
Neil Halliday ◽  
Francesca Saffioti ◽  
Davide Paolo Bernasconi ◽  
Davide Roccarina ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. e397-e398
Author(s):  
Atsumasa Komori ◽  
Asami Hori ◽  
Yuki Kugiyama ◽  
Shigemune Bekki ◽  
Tomoyuki Suehiro ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Hannah R. Brown ◽  
Anthony F. Nostro ◽  
Halldor Thormar

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a slowly progressing disease of the CNS in children which is caused by measles virus. Ferrets immunized with measles virus prior to inoculation with the cell associated, syncytiogenic D.R. strain of SSPE virus exhibit characteristics very similar to the human disease. Measles virus nucleocapsids are present, high measles antibody titers are found in the sera and inflammatory lesions are prominent in the brains. Measles virus specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) is present in the brain,and IgG/ albumin ratios indicate that the antibodies are synthesized within the CNS.


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