Dietary medium‐chain 1‐monoglycerides modulates the community and function of cecal microbiota of broilers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Liu ◽  
Liangyong Guo ◽  
Ye Zhangying ◽  
Shengyue Ruan ◽  
Wangxin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medium Chain ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
And Function

Aqueous raw and ripe Pu-erh tea extracts alleviate obesity and alter cecal microbiota composition and function in diet-induced obese rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1823-1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xia ◽  
Donghong Tan ◽  
Roya Akbary ◽  
James Kong ◽  
Robert Seviour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals A Diet Rich in Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Improves Systolic Function and Alters the Lipidomic Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 504-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Airhart ◽  
W. Todd Cade ◽  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Andrew R. Coggan ◽  
Susan B. Racette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Medium Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Steatosis ◽  
And Function ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Context: Excessive cardiac long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) metabolism/storage causes cardiomyopathy in animal models of type 2 diabetes. Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are absorbed and oxidized efficiently. Data in animal models of diabetes suggest MCFAs may benefit the heart. Objective: Our objective was to test the effects of an MCFA-rich diet vs an LCFA-rich diet on plasma lipids, cardiac steatosis, and function in patients with type 2 diabetes. Design: This was a double-blind, randomized, 2-week matched-feeding study. Setting: The study included ambulatory patients in the general community. Patients: Sixteen patients, ages 37–65 years, with type 2 diabetes, an ejection fraction greater than 45%, and no other systemic disease were included. Intervention: Fourteen days of a diet rich in MCFAs or LCFAs, containing 38% as fat in total, was undertaken. Main Outcome Measures: Cardiac steatosis and function were the main outcome measures, with lipidomic changes considered a secondary outcome. Results: The relatively load-independent measure of cardiac contractility, S′, improved in the MCFA group (P < .05). Weight-adjusted stroke volume and cardiac output decreased in the LCFA group (both P < .05). The MCFA, but not the LCFA, diet decreased several plasma sphingolipids, ceramide, and acylcarnitines implicated in diabetic cardiomyopathy, and changes in several sphingolipids correlated with improved fasting insulins. Conclusions: Although a diet high in MCFAs does not change cardiac steatosis, our findings suggest that the MCFA-rich diet alters the plasma lipidome and may benefit or at least not harm cardiac function and fasting insulin levels in humans with type 2 diabetes. Larger, long-term studies are needed to further evaluate these effects in less-controlled settings.

scholarly journals Medium-chain triglycerides (8:0 and 10:0) are promising nutrients for sarcopenia: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakiko Abe ◽  
Osamu Ezaki ◽  
Motohisa Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Frail Elderly ◽  
Strength Function ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe combined supplementation of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), l-leucine–rich amino acids, and cholecalciferol was previously shown to increase muscle strength and function in frail elderly individuals.ObjectiveWe examined whether treatment with MCTs alone is sufficient to increase muscle strength and function and activities of daily living (ADL) in such individuals.MethodsWe enrolled 64 elderly nursing home residents (85.5 ± 6.8 y) in a 3-mo randomized, controlled, single-blinded intervention trial. The participants were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the first group received supplemental l-leucine (1.2 g) and cholecalciferol (20 μg) enriched with 6 g/d of MCTs (LD + MCT group) as a positive control, the second group received 6 g/d of MCTs (MCT group) as a target, and the third group received 6 g/d of long-chain triglycerides (LCT group) as a negative control. Changes in muscle mass, strength, function, and ADL were monitored 4 times: at baseline, at 1.5 and 3 mo after initiation of the intervention (intervention), and 1.5 mo after termination of the intervention (washout).ResultsThe 64 participants randomly assigned to the 3 groups were included in an intention-to-treat analysis. Forty-eight participants completed the study and were included in a per-protocol analysis. At 3 mo, participants in the MCT group had a 48.1% increase in 10-s leg open and close test performance [intention-to-treat adjusted means: MCT 2.28 n/10 s (1.37, 3.19) compared with LCT −0.59 n/10 s (−1.52, 0.35), P < 0.05], a 27.8% increase in a 30-s repetitive saliva swallowing test [MCT 0.5 n/30 s (0.1, 1.0) compared with LCT −0.5 n/30 s (−0.9, 0.0), P < 0.05], and a 7.5% increase in Functional Independence Measure score, a questionnaire for assessing ADL [MCT 5.6 points (1.3, 9.9) compared with LCT −6.6 points (−11.3, −2.0), P < 0.05].ConclusionMCTs (6 g/d) could increase the muscle strength and function of frail elderly individuals and also improve their ADL. This trial was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry as UMIN000023302.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary supplementation with lysozyme on the structure and function of the cecal microbiota in broiler chickens

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0216748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xia ◽  
James Kong ◽  
Guobing Zhang ◽  
Xuxiang Zhang ◽  
Robert Seviour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
And Function

Conformation of Ribosomes from Escherichia Coli

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M. Boublik ◽  
W. Hellmann ◽  
F. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
And Function

The present knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of ribosomes is far too limited to enable a complete understanding of the various roles which ribosomes play in protein biosynthesis. The spatial arrangement of proteins and ribonuclec acids in ribosomes can be analysed in many ways. Determination of binding sites for individual proteins on ribonuclec acid and locations of the mutual positions of proteins on the ribosome using labeling with fluorescent dyes, cross-linking reagents, neutron-diffraction or antibodies against ribosomal proteins seem to be most successful approaches. Structure and function of ribosomes can be correlated be depleting the complete ribosomes of some proteins to the functionally inactive core and by subsequent partial reconstitution in order to regain active ribosomal particles.

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