Friction‐wear performance in environmentally friendly brake composites: A comparison of two different test methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülşah Akıncıoğlu ◽  
İlyas Uygur ◽  
Sıtkı Akıncıoğlu ◽  
Hasan Öktem
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Wear Performance

Recent Development in Friction Test Methods and Apparatus of Polymer Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 494-496
Author(s):  
Ye Tian ◽  
Mei Jia Guo ◽  
Jian She Zhang ◽  
Yu Cheng Li ◽  
Dong Xing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Motion ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Friction Test Methods ◽  
Friction Contact ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Motion Modes ◽  
Friction Method

Friction and wear performance is very complex. There are many tests methods and tests apparatus. In this paper, some basic of friction contact types and relative motion modes were introduced. Then some important friction tests methods and apparatus for composites were reviewed concisely. At last, a new friction method and equipment used in Kevlar/epoxy composite were proposed.

scholarly journals Tribological Behavior of Hydraulic Oils Under Different Motion Modes

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 04021
Author(s):  
An Haizhen ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Zhen Penghou ◽  
Liu Min
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Motion Modes ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

In order to study the tribological properties of different hydraulic oils under different motion modes, four-ball tester and block-on-ring tester were used to optimize the test parameters and evaluate performance of commercial hydraulic oils. The results showed that the optimized test methods under the form of point and line motion modes can better evaluate the extreme pressure and anti-wear performance of hydraulic oi. There was a negatively correlation between extreme pressure and anti-wear performance; this method can provide a basis for the reasonable selection of lubricating oil in hydraulic system.

Synthesis and Wear Performance of New Thiocarbamate Derivatives

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-W. Kim ◽  
K. Chung ◽  
T.-K. Yang ◽  
D.-H. Hwang ◽  
W.-O. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Sebacic Acid ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Lubricating Grease ◽  
Acid Esters

A series of sebacic acid esters containing mercaptobenzothiazole and dialkylenedithiocarbamate, which are potential environmentally friendly lubricating grease additives, were synthesized. The tribological properties as lubricating additives in Li-soap greases were evaluated using a 4-ball tester and SRV tester. The results show that the series of sebasic acid esters with dioctyldithiocarbamate group and mercaptobenzothiazole groups possess better antiwear performance than that of ZnDTP. Whereas, SRV EP characteristics showed worse than that of ZnDTP.

On the Friction and Wear Performance of Boric Acid Lubricant Combinations in Extended Duration Operations

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Deshmukh ◽  
M. Lovell ◽  
W. G. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Disk Surface ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extended Duration ◽  
Pin On Disk

Lubrication is critical for minimizing wear in mechanical systems that operate for extended time periods. Developing lubricants that can be used in engineering systems without replenishment — particularly those that are environmentally friendly — is very important for increasing the functional lifetime of mechanical components. In the present investigation, extended duration pin-on-disk experiments were carried out to determine the relative performance of a wide range of lubricant combinations in a commercial brake valve assembly. In the experiments, the lubricants were initially applied to the disk surface but were not replenished over a sliding distance of more than 6000 m. The experimental results revealed that the environmentally friendly lubricant boric acid was inefficient for reducing the wear in the surfaces tested. When combined with a commercial transmission fluid, however, the boric acid mixture proved highly effective in terms of both friction and wear performance. Based on the success of the combined lubricant experiments, the boric acid was then mixed with canola oil to form a completely natural lubricant combination. Based on further pin on disk experiments, this lubricant combination yielded the best wear performance of all the lubricants tested. The importance of these results, as related to the use of the natural lubricant combination in other engineering systems was subsequently ascertained and discussed.

scholarly journals Microencapsulation for Functional Textile Coatings with Emphasis on Biodegradability—A Systematic Review

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1371
Author(s):  
Bojana Boh Podgornik ◽  
Stipana Šandrić ◽  
Mateja Kert
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Functional Textiles ◽  
Molecular Inclusion ◽  
The Stability

The review provides an overview of research findings on microencapsulation for functional textile coatings. Methods for the preparation of microcapsules in textiles include in situ and interfacial polymerization, simple and complex coacervation, molecular inclusion and solvent evaporation from emulsions. Binders play a crucial role in coating formulations. Acrylic and polyurethane binders are commonly used in textile finishing, while organic acids and catalysts can be used for chemical grafting as crosslinkers between microcapsules and cotton fibres. Most of the conventional coating processes can be used for microcapsule-containing coatings, provided that the properties of the microcapsules are appropriate. There are standardised test methods available to evaluate the characteristics and washfastness of coated textiles. Among the functional textiles, the field of environmentally friendly biodegradable textiles with microcapsules is still at an early stage of development. So far, some physicochemical and physical microencapsulation methods using natural polymers or biodegradable synthetic polymers have been applied to produce environmentally friendly antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or fragranced textiles. Standardised test methods for evaluating the biodegradability of textile materials are available. The stability of biodegradable microcapsules and the durability of coatings during the use and care of textiles still present several challenges that offer many opportunities for further research

scholarly journals Friction and Wear Performance Evaluation of Bio-Lubricants and DLC Coatings on Cam/Tappet Interface of Internal Combustion Engines

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7206
Author(s):  
Rehan Zahid ◽  
Muhammad Usman Bhutta ◽  
Riaz Ahmad Mufti ◽  
Muhammad Usman Abdullah ◽  
Haji Hassan Masjuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Base Oils ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Engine Components

The environmental concerns associated with artificially formulated engine oils have forced a shift towards bio-based lubricants. The deposition of hard coatings on engine components and migrating to environmentally friendly green lubricants can help in this regard. Chemically modified forms of vegetable oils, with better low-temperature characteristics and enhanced thermo-oxidative stability, are suitable substitutes to conventional lubricant base oils. The research presented in this manuscript was undertaken to experimentally investigate the wear and friction performance of a possible future generation of an environmentally friendly bio-based lubricant as a potential replacement for conventional engine lubricants. In order to quantify the tribological benefits which can be gained by the deposition of DLC coatings, (an (a-C:H) hydrogenated DLC coating and an (a-C:H:W) tungsten-doped DLC coating) were applied on the cam/tappet interface of a direct acting valve train assembly of an internal combustion engine. The tribological correlation between DLC-coated engine components, lubricant base oils and lubricant additives have been thoroughly investigated in this study using actual engine operating conditions. Two additive-free base oils (polyalphaolefines (PAO) and chemically-modified palm oil (TMP)) and two multi-additive-containing lubricants were used in this investigation. Real-time drive torque was measured to determine the friction force, detailed post-test analysis was performed, which involved the use of a specialized jig to measure camlobe wear. An optical profilometer was used to measure the wear on the tappet, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the wear mechanism and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was performed on the tested samples to qualitatively access the degradation of the coating. When using additive-free TMP, a low friction coefficient was observed for the cam/tappet interface. The presence of additives further improved the friction characteristics of TMP, resulting in reduced average friction torque values. A tremendous enhancement in wear performance was recorded with a-C:H-coated parts and the coating was able to withstand the test conditions with little or no delamination.

Laboratory proficiency in susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori using agar dilution and E test methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A586-A587
Author(s):  
L BEST ◽  
S JO ◽  
V VANZANTEN ◽  
D HALDANE ◽  
V LOO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Agar Dilution

Scientific and Standardization Committee Communications Comparison of Test Methods for the Lupus Anticoagulant: International Survey on Lupus Anticoagulants-I (ISLA-1)

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (03) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Exner ◽  
Douglas A Triplett ◽  
David A Taberner ◽  
Margaret A Howard ◽  
E Nigel Harris
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
Kaolin Clotting Time ◽  
Induced Defects

SummarySix lyophilized plasma samples were sent to 20 “expert” laboratories for assessment of lupus anticoagulant (LA). Four samples contained pooled LA of graded potency mixed with aged normal plasma. One contained LA plus cephalin phospholipid and one contained a nonspecific venom anticoagulant. Sixteen methods were used overall with some participants using up to 8 methods. Results were scored in regard to the known potencies of LA in the samples and other known induced defects.Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) tests used by most participants for preliminary screening were relatively sensitive, but non-specific. Platelet or phospholipid neutralization procedures (PNP) appeared to be sensitive and specific but showed a non-linear response to increased LA content. Kaolin clotting time (KCT) tests showed the most sensitive response to increased LA content but the weaker LA were not scored as abnormal by most laboratories as the samples may have contained platelet fragments. Other commonly used tests such as the tissue thromboplastin inhibition (TTI) test and the dilute Russell’s viper venom test (DRVVT) were carried out somewhat inconsistently. The variability in performance of tests in different laboratories indicates that standardization of methodology is urgently required.Generally it seemed that most clotting tests were “bypassed” by the addition of phospholipid to a known LA-positive sample in apparently direct proportion to their sensitivity. Sample preparation, especially prevention of contamination with activated platelets is a vital preliminary part in the assay of LA.

Are BMP Criteria Really Environmentally Friendly

WRPMD'99 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry A. Roesner ◽  
Robert W. Brashear
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly
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