Vitamin Deficiencies

Author(s):  
Jonathan DeRight
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 080-086
Author(s):  
Syed Aaquil Hasan Syed Javid Hasan ◽  
Raisa Arifanie O'Zelian Pawirotaroeno ◽  
Syed Abrar Hasan Syed Javid Hasan ◽  
Elene Abzianidze

AbstractOne of the significant consequences of alcohol consumption is cancer formation via several contributing factors such as action of alcohol metabolites, vitamin deficiencies, and oxidative stress. All these factors have been shown to cause epigenetic modifications via DNA hypomethylation, thus forming a basis for cancer development. Several published reviews and studies were systematically reviewed. Omnivores and vegetarians differ in terms of nutritional intake and deficiencies. As folate deficiency was found to be common among the omnivores, chronic alcoholism could possibly cause damage and eventually cancer in an omnivorous individual via DNA hypomethylation due to folate deficiency. Furthermore, as niacin was found to be deficient among vegetarians, damage in vegetarian chronic alcoholics could be due to increased NADH/NAD+ ratio, thus slowing alcohol metabolism in liver leading to increased alcohol and acetaldehyde which inhibit methyltransferase enzymes, eventually leading to DNA hypomethylation. Hence correcting the concerned deficiency and supplementation with S-adenosyl methionine could prove to be protective in chronic alcohol use.


2021 ◽  
pp. 037957212098250
Author(s):  
Suzanna L. Attia ◽  
Wolf-Peter Schmidt ◽  
Janeth Ceballos Osorio ◽  
Thomas Young ◽  
Aric Schadler ◽  
...  

Background: In middle-income countries, malnutrition concentrates in marginalized populations with a lack of effective preventive strategies. Objective: Identify risk factors for undernutrition in a peri-urban Ecuadorian community of children aged 12 to 59 months. Methods: Data from a cross-sectional survey in 2011 of children 1 to 5 years were analyzed including demographic data, medical history and examination, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), anthropometric measurements, and blood for complete blood count, C-reactive protein, vitamin A, iron, and zinc levels. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated from FFQ. Bivariate and multivariate analysis assessed effects on primary outcome of undernutrition by DDS, vitamin deficiencies, and demographic and nutritional data. Results: N = 67, 52.2% undernourished: 49.3% stunted, 25.4% underweight, and 3% wasted; 74.6% (n = 50) were anemic and 95.1% (n = 39) had low serum zinc. Dietary Diversity Score was universally low (mean 4.91 ± 1.36, max 12). Undernutrition was associated with lower vitamin A levels (20 306, IQR: 16605.25-23973.75 vs 23665, IQR: 19292-26474 ng/mL, P = .04); underweight was associated with less parental report of illness (43.8%, n = 7 vs 80% n = 40, P = .005) and higher white blood count (13.7, IQR: 11.95-15.8 vs 10.9, IQR: 7.8-14.23 × 109/L, P = .02). In multiple regression, risk of undernutrition decreased by 4% for every $10 monthly income increase (95 CI%: 0.5%-7.4%, P = .02, n = 23); risk of underweight decreased by 0.06 for every increased DDS point (adjusted odds ratio: 0.06; 95 CI%: 0.004-0.91, P = .04, n = 23). Conclusions: In this peri-urban limited resource, mostly Indigenous Ecuadorian community, stunting exceeds national prevalence, lower monthly income is the strongest predictor of undernutrition, lower DDS can predict some forms of undernutrition, and vitamin deficiencies are associated with but not predictive of undernutrition.


1929 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Barnett Sure ◽  
Margaret Elizabeth Smith

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 741-741
Author(s):  
E. Board

Based on both clinical observations and experimental studies, the authors attribute an important role in the origin of pernicious anemia to vitamin deficiencies in the diet, especially vitamin A.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diala Merheb ◽  
Georgette Dib ◽  
Maroun Bou Zerdan ◽  
Clara El Nakib ◽  
Saada Alame ◽  
...  

: Peripheral neuropathy comes in all shapes and forms and is a disorder which is found in the peripheral nervous system. It can have an acute or chronic onset depending on the multitude of pathophysiologic mechanisms involving different parts of nerve fibers. A systematic approach is highly beneficial when it comes to cost-effective diagnosis. More than 30 causes of peripheral neuropathy exist ranging from systemic and auto-immune diseases, vitamin deficiencies, viral infections, diabetes, etc. One of the major causes of peripheral neuropathy is drug induced disease, which can be split into peripheral neuropathy caused by chemotherapy or by other medications. This review deals with the latest causes of drug induced peripheral neuropathy, the population involved, the findings on physical examination and various workups needed and how to manage each case.


2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 878-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Fabisiak ◽  
Adam Fabisiak ◽  
Cezary Watala ◽  
Jakub Fichna

1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN B. MERROW ◽  
MARY M. CLAYTON ◽  
CHESTER A. NEWHALL ◽  
WALTER D. FOSTER

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Baba ◽  
Hiroyuki Morisawa ◽  
Koyomi Saito ◽  
Hironori Takahashi ◽  
Kazuma Rifu ◽  
...  

Hyperemesis gravidarum can cause various vitamin deficiencies. Vitamin K deficiency can lead to coagulopathy or hemorrhagic diathesis. A nulliparous Japanese woman with hyperemesis gravidarum at 105/7weeks was admitted with giant myoma, intestinal obstruction, and abdominal pain. Treatment for a degenerative myoma was instituted with intravenous antibiotics. The abdominal pain ameliorated, but intestinal obstruction persisted. At 166/7weeks, we performed laparotomy for release of intestinal obstruction, when intraabdominal bleeding of 110 mL existed. Blood tests revealed coagulopathy secondary to vitamin K deficiency. The coagulopathy responded to intravenous vitamin K injection. Coagulopathy due to vitamin K deficiency can occur with hyperemesis gravidarum, and coexisting intestinal obstruction and broad-spectrum antibiotics can aggravate the deficiency.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document