Synthesis of Graphene Based Nanocomposite from Captured Industrial Carbon

Author(s):  
A. Geethakarthi ◽  
S. G. Dhanushkumar ◽  
K. Giftlin Devapriya ◽  
B. Mirudhula ◽  
L. Monisha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Joakim Andersson

Steelmaking is responsible for approximately one third of total industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Hydrogen (H2) direct reduction (H-DR) may be a feasible route towards the decarbonization of primary steelmaking if H2 is produced via electrolysis using fossil-free electricity. However, electrolysis is an electricity-intensive process. Therefore, it is preferable that H2 is predominantly produced during times of low electricity prices, which is enabled by storage of H2. This work compares the integration of H2 storage in four liquid carriers, methanol (MeOH), formic acid (FA), ammonia (NH3) and perhydro-dibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT), in H-DR processes. In contrast to conventional H2 storage methods, these carriers allow for H2 storage in liquid form at ambient moderate overpressures, reducing the storage capacity cost. The main downside to liquid H2 carriers is that thermochemical processes are necessary for both the storage and release processes, often with significant investment and operational costs. The carriers are compared using thermodynamic and economic data to estimate operational and capital costs in the H-DR context considering process integration options. It is concluded that the use of MeOH is promising compared to both the other considered carriers. For large storage volumes, MeOH-based H2 storage may also be an attractive option for the underground storage of compressed H2. The other considered liquid H2 carriers suffer from large thermodynamic barriers for hydrogenation (FA) or dehydrogenation (NH3, H18-DBT) and higher investment costs. However, for the use of MeOH in an H-DR process to be practically feasible, questions regarding process flexibility and the optimal sourcing of CO2 and heat must be answered.


2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Katzer ◽  
S. Pirl ◽  
S. Esser ◽  
J. Kopietz ◽  
T. Rieckmann ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
Yao Wu Wang ◽  
Nai Xiang Feng ◽  
Jing You

Laboratory-scale carbon anodes were produced by a new method of high-temperature mould pressing, and their physico-chemical properties were studied in laboratory. The results showed that the bulk density of carbon anodes produced by high-temperature mould pressing are 1.61-1.63g/cm3, they are higher than industrial carbon anode by 0.06 g/cm3, but the specific electrical resistance is higher and crushing strength is lower.


2015 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Lehndorff ◽  
Sonja Brodowski ◽  
Lothar Schmidt ◽  
Ludwig Haumaier ◽  
Pieter M. Grootes ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 1865-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Li ◽  
Lin Wu

LMDI (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index) was used to estimates the carbon emission of industrial energy consumption in Hunan Province with collected data on industrial energy consumption in 2000-2012. The results showed that carbon emissions of industrial energy consumption present the overall upward trend in Hubei Province, where the carbon emissions of coal consumption are the main factors, this shows that the industry of Hubei is extensive development withhigh energy consumption. In addition, industrial carbon intensity has a fluctuated downward trend in 2011-2012; this shows that Hubei province has made ​​a positive change on control carbon emissions of energy consumption.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 2573-2597
Author(s):  
Michiel Baatsen ◽  
Anna S. von der Heydt ◽  
Matthew Huber ◽  
Michael A. Kliphuis ◽  
Peter K. Bijl ◽  
...  

Abstract. The early and late Eocene have both been the subject of many modelling studies, but few have focused on the middle Eocene. The latter still holds many challenges for climate modellers but is also key to understanding the events leading towards the conditions needed for Antarctic glaciation at the Eocene–Oligocene transition. Here, we present the results of CMIP5-like coupled climate simulations using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1. Using a new detailed 38 Ma geography reconstruction and higher model resolution compared to most previous modelling studies and sufficiently long equilibration times, these simulations will help to further understand the middle to late Eocene climate. At realistic levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases, the model is able to show overall good agreement with proxy records and capture the important aspects of a warm greenhouse climate during the Eocene. With a quadrupling of pre-industrial concentrations of both CO2 and CH4 (i.e. 1120 ppm and ∼2700 ppb, respectively, or 4 × PIC; pre-industrial carbon), sea surface temperatures correspond well to the available late middle Eocene (42–38 Ma; ∼ Bartonian) proxies. Being generally cooler, the simulated climate under 2 × PIC forcing is a good analogue for that of the late Eocene (38–34 Ma; ∼ Priabonian). Terrestrial temperature proxies, although their geographical coverage is sparse, also indicate that the results presented here are in agreement with the available information. Our simulated middle to late Eocene climate has a reduced Equator-to-pole temperature gradient and a more symmetric meridional heat distribution compared to the pre-industrial reference. The collective effects of geography, vegetation, and ice account for a global average 5–7 ∘C difference between pre-industrial and 38 Ma Eocene boundary conditions, with important contributions from cloud and water vapour feedbacks. This helps to explain Eocene warmth in general, without the need for greenhouse gas levels much higher than indicated by proxy estimates (i.e. ∼500–1200 ppm CO2) or low-latitude regions becoming unreasonably warm. High-latitude warmth supports the idea of mostly ice-free polar regions, even at 2 × PIC, with Antarctica experiencing particularly warm summers. An overall wet climate is seen in the simulated Eocene climate, which has a strongly monsoonal character. Equilibrium climate sensitivity is reduced (0.62 ∘C W−1 m2; 3.21 ∘C warming between 38 Ma 2 × PIC and 4 × PIC) compared to that of the present-day climate (0.80 ∘C W−1 m2; 3.17 ∘C per CO2 doubling). While the actual warming is similar, we see mainly a higher radiative forcing from the second PIC doubling. A more detailed analysis of energy fluxes shows that the regional radiative balance is mainly responsible for sustaining a low meridional temperature gradient in the Eocene climate, as well as the polar amplification seen towards even warmer conditions. These model results may be useful to reconsider the drivers of Eocene warmth and the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) but can also be a base for more detailed comparisons to future proxy estimates.


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