scholarly journals Isatin derivatives as broad-spectrum antiviral agents: the current landscape

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilal Elsaman ◽  
Malik Suliman Mohamed ◽  
Eyman Mohamed Eltayib ◽  
Hatem A. Abdel-aziz ◽  
Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Isatin Derivatives

scholarly journals Novel activities of safe-in-human broad-spectrum antiviral agents

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Ianevski ◽  
Eva Zusinaite ◽  
Suvi Kuivanen ◽  
Mårten Strand ◽  
Hilde Lysvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antiviral Agents

scholarly journals Broad-Spectrum Host-Based Antivirals Targeting the Interferon and Lipogenesis Pathways as Potential Treatment Options for the Pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuofeng Yuan ◽  
Chris Chun-Yiu Chan ◽  
Kenn Ka-Heng Chik ◽  
Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang ◽  
Ronghui Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Viral Antigen ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Viral Load Reduction ◽  
Antiviral Activities

The ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) signals an urgent need for an expansion in treatment options. In this study, we investigated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities of 22 antiviral agents with known broad-spectrum antiviral activities against coronaviruses and/or other viruses. They were first evaluated in our primary screening in VeroE6 cells and then the most potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral agents were further evaluated using viral antigen expression, viral load reduction, and plaque reduction assays. In addition to remdesivir, lopinavir, and chloroquine, our primary screening additionally identified types I and II recombinant interferons, 25-hydroxycholesterol, and AM580 as the most potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents among the 22 antiviral agents. Betaferon (interferon-β1b) exhibited the most potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in viral antigen expression, viral load reduction, and plaque reduction assays among the recombinant interferons. The lipogenesis modulators 25-hydroxycholesterol and AM580 exhibited EC50 at low micromolar levels and selectivity indices of >10.0. Combinational use of these host-based antiviral agents with virus-based antivirals to target different processes of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle should be evaluated in animal models and/or clinical trials.

Polyanionic Macromolecular Prodrugs of Ribavirin: Antiviral Agents with a Broad Spectrum of Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey M. Hinton ◽  
Kaja Zuwala ◽  
Celine Deffrasnes ◽  
Shawn Todd ◽  
Shuning Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Macromolecular Prodrugs

ChemInform Abstract: Cyclobut-A (I) and Cyclobut-G (II): Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents with Potential Utility for the Therapy of AIDS.

ChemInform ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. NORBECK ◽  
E. KERN ◽  
S. HAYASHI ◽  
W. ROSENBROOK ◽  
H. SHAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Potential Utility

scholarly journals Discovery and Development of Safe-in-Man Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter I. Andersen ◽  
Aleksandr Ianevski ◽  
Hilde Lysvand ◽  
Astra Vitkauskiene ◽  
Valentyn Oksenych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Emerging Viral Diseases ◽  
Spectrum Of Indications

Viral diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Broad-spectrum antiviral agents (BSAAs) are key players in control of human viral diseases. Here, we reviewed the discovery and development process of BSAAs, focusing on compounds with available safety profiles in human. In addition, we summarized the information on approved, investigational and experimental safe-in-man BSAAs in freely accessible database at https://drugvirus.info/. The number of approved BSAAs will be increased as well as their spectrum of indications will be expanded pending the results of further pre-clinical and clinical studies. This will ultimately reinforce the arsenal of available antiviral options and provide better protection of general population from emerging and re-emerging viral diseases.

scholarly journals NAD+-consuming enzymes in immune defense against viral infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 478 (23) ◽  
pp. 4071-4092
Author(s):  
Jialin Shang ◽  
Michael R. Smith ◽  
Ananya Anmangandla ◽  
Hening Lin
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Antiviral Function

The COVID-19 pandemic reminds us that in spite of the scientific progress in the past century, there is a lack of general antiviral strategies. In analogy to broad-spectrum antibiotics as antibacterial agents, developing broad spectrum antiviral agents would buy us time for the development of vaccines and treatments for future viral infections. In addition to targeting viral factors, a possible strategy is to understand host immune defense mechanisms and develop methods to boost the antiviral immune response. Here we summarize the role of NAD+-consuming enzymes in the immune defense against viral infections, with the hope that a better understanding of this process could help to develop better antiviral therapeutics targeting these enzymes. These NAD+-consuming enzymes include PARPs, sirtuins, CD38, and SARM1. Among these, the antiviral function of PARPs is particularly important and will be a focus of this review. Interestingly, NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes are also implicated in immune responses. In addition, many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 contain a macrodomain-containing protein (NSP3 in SARS-CoV-2), which serves to counteract the antiviral function of host PARPs. Therefore, NAD+ and NAD+-consuming enzymes play crucial roles in immune responses against viral infections and detailed mechanistic understandings in the future will likely facilitate the development of general antiviral strategies.

scholarly journals Broad-spectrum virucidal activity of bacterial secreted lipases against flaviviruses, SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Yu ◽  
Liming Zhang ◽  
Liangqin Tong ◽  
Nana Zhang ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Virucidal Activity ◽  
Extracellular Milieu

AbstractViruses are the major aetiological agents of acute and chronic severe human diseases that place a tremendous burden on global public health and economy; however, for most viruses, effective prophylactics and therapeutics are lacking, in particular, broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Herein, we identified 2 secreted bacterial lipases from a Chromobacterium bacterium, named Chromobacterium antiviral effector-1 (CbAE-1) and CbAE-2, with a broad-spectrum virucidal activity against dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV). The CbAEs potently blocked viral infection in the extracellular milieu through their lipase activity. Mechanistic studies showed that this lipase activity directly disrupted the viral envelope structure, thus inactivating infectivity. A mutation of CbAE-1 in its lipase motif fully abrogated the virucidal ability. Furthermore, CbAE-2 presented low toxicity in vivo and in vitro, highlighting its potential as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug.

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