Distribution and outliers of anteversion of short-length cementless stem

The scale is usually used to check and determine the value of a qualitative factor in quantitative measures. The measurement scale is a management in agreement that is used as a reference to determine the short length of the interval that is in the measuring instrument, so that the measuring instrument when used in measurements will produce quantitative data. The results of the scale management calculation must be interpreted carefully because in addition to producing a rough picture, the respondent's answers are not just straightforward to be trusted. Types of measurement scales: Likert scale, Guttman scale, semantic differential scale, rating scale, Thurstone scale, Borgadus scale, and various other measurement management scales. One of the most difficult jobs for information technology researchers faced with the necessity of measuring variables is: finding directions in the midst of many existing sizes. If there is a good size for a particular variable, it seems that there are not many reasons to compile a new size yourself. Keywords: Scale, Measurement, Variables.

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Novel phase-corrected horn antenna of short length

Electronics Letters ◽

10.1049/el:19880197 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 292

Author(s):

O.W. Ata ◽

T.M. Benson

Keyword(s):

Horn Antenna ◽

Short Length

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Association of Emergency Department Waiting Times With Patient Experience in Admitted and Discharged Patients

Journal of Patient Experience ◽

10.1177/23743735211011404 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 237437352110114

Author(s):

Andrew Nyce ◽

Snehal Gandhi ◽

Brian Freeze ◽

Joshua Bosire ◽

Terry Ricca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Length Of Stay ◽

Patient Experience ◽

Waiting Times ◽

Hospital Length ◽

Short Length ◽

Hospital Length Of Stay ◽

Patient’S Experience ◽

Discharged Patients ◽

The Impact

Prolonged waiting times are associated with worse patient experience in patients discharged from the emergency department (ED). However, it is unclear which component of the waiting times is most impactful to the patient experience and the impact on hospitalized patients. We performed a retrospective analysis of ED patients between July 2018 and March 30, 2020. In all, 3278 patients were included: 1477 patients were discharged from the ED, and 1680 were admitted. Discharged patients had a longer door-to-first provider and door-to-doctor time, but a shorter doctor-to-disposition, disposition-to-departure, and total ED time when compared to admitted patients. Some, but not all, components of waiting times were significantly higher in patients with suboptimal experience (<100th percentile). Prolonged door-to-doctor time was significantly associated with worse patient experience in discharged patients and in patients with hospital length of stay ≤4 days. Prolonged ED waiting times were significantly associated with worse patient experience in patients who were discharged from the ED and in inpatients with short length of stay. Door-to-doctor time seems to have the highest impact on the patient’s experience of these 2 groups.

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Strategy to Characterize Electromigration Short Length Effects in Cu/low-k Interconnects

2021 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) ◽

10.1109/irps46558.2021.9405161 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Z. Zhang ◽

M. Kraatz ◽

M. Hauschildt ◽

S. Choi ◽

A. Clausner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Length ◽

Low K ◽

Length Effects

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Parametric CFD Thermal Performance Analysis of Full, Medium, Half and Short Length Dimple Solar Air Tube

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116462 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6462

Author(s):

Mir Waqas Alam ◽

Basma Souayeh

Keyword(s):

Thermal Performance ◽

Energy Transport ◽

Hydraulic Performance ◽

Short Length ◽

Working Fluid ◽

Solar Air Heater ◽

Hydraulic Characteristics ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Pitch Ratio ◽

Full Medium

In the present decade, research regarding solar thermal air heaters (SAHs) has noticed a continuous progression in thermo-hydraulic performance augmentation approaches. There now exists a wide variety of thermo-hydraulic performance augmentation approaches and researchers have designated various structures. Nevertheless, there seems to be no generalization to any of the approaches employed. The present numerical investigation reports on the thermo-hydraulic characteristics and thermal performance for flow through a varied length (full, medium, half, and short length) dimple solar air heater (SAH) tube. The study highlights recent developments on enhanced tubes to augment heat transfer in SAH. The influence of different length ratio, dimple height ratio (H), and pitch ratio (s) on thermo-hydraulic characteristics have been investigated in the Reynolds number (Re) range from 5000 to 25,000. Air is used as the working fluid. The commercial software ANSYS Fluent is used for simulation. The shear stress transport (SST) model is used as the turbulence model. Thermal energy transport coefficient is increased in the full-length dimple tube (FLDT), compared to the medium-length dimple tube (MLDT), half-length dimple tube (HLDT) and short-length dimple tube (SLDT). Similarly, the pitch ratio (s) has more influence on Nusselt number (Nu) compared to the dimple height ratio (H). The friction factor decreases with an increase in pitch ratio. Nu increases and f decreases with increasing Re for all combinations of H and s. Low s and higher H yields high enhancement of HT and PD. Integration of artificial roughness on the tube increases the values of Nu and f by 5.12 times and 77.23 times for H = 0.07, s = 1.0 at Re value of 5000 and 25,000, respectively, in regard to the plain tube. For all the tested cases, the thermo-hydraulic performances (η) are greater than unity.

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Selective Constraints on Intron Evolution in Drosophila

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/165.4.1843 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 165 (4) ◽

pp. 1843-1851 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

John Parsch

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Natural Selection ◽

Common Ancestor ◽

Length Distribution ◽

Short Length ◽

Intron Length ◽

Intron Evolution ◽

Intron Size ◽

Duplicated Genes ◽

Selective Constraints

AbstractIntron sizes show an asymmetrical distribution in a number of organisms, with a large number of “short” introns clustered around a minimal intron length and a much broader distribution of longer introns. In Drosophila melanogaster, the short intron class is centered around 61 bp. The narrow length distribution suggests that natural selection may play a role in maintaining intron size. A comparison of 15 orthologous introns among species of the D. melanogaster subgroup indicates that, in general, short introns are not under greater DNA sequence or length constraints than long introns. There is a bias toward deletions in all introns (deletion/insertion ratio is 1.66), and the vast majority of indels are of short length (<10 bp). Indels occurring on the internal branches of the phylogenetic tree are significantly longer than those occurring on the terminal branches. These results are consistent with a compensatory model of intron length evolution in which slightly deleterious short deletions are frequently fixed within species by genetic drift, and relatively rare larger insertions that restore intron length are fixed by positive selection. A comparison of paralogous introns shared among duplicated genes suggests that length constraints differ between introns within the same gene. The janusA, janusB, and ocnus genes share two short introns derived from a common ancestor. The first of these introns shows significantly fewer indels than the second intron, although the two introns show a comparable number of substitutions. This indicates that intron-specific selective constraints have been maintained following gene duplication, which preceded the divergence of the D. melanogaster species subgroup.

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An Eye-Safe, SBS-Free Coherent Fiber Laser LIDAR Transmitter with Millijoule Energy and High Average Power

Photonics ◽

10.3390/photonics8010015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Mehmetcan Akbulut ◽

Leonid Kotov ◽

Kort Wiersma ◽

Jie Zong ◽

Maohe Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Laser ◽

Repetition Rate ◽

Peak Power ◽

Figure Of Merit ◽

Current System ◽

Glass Fibers ◽

Average Power ◽

High Gain ◽

Short Length ◽

High Average Power

We report on an eye-safe, transform-limited, millijoule energy, and high average power fiber laser. The high gain and short length of the NP phosphate-glass fibers enable the SBS-free operation with kW level peak power. The output energy is up to 1.3 mJ, and the average power is up to 23 W at an 18 kHz repetition rate with 600 ns pulses (peak power > 2.1 kW). The PER is ≈16 dB and the M2 of the beam is 1.33 × 1.18. The coherent LIDAR Figure Of Merit (FOM) is 174 mJ*sqrt(Hz), which to our knowledge is the highest reported for a fiber laser. We also report 0.75 mJ energy and >3.7 kW peak power with down to 200 ns pulses and up to 1.21 mJ energy with a 3–5 kHz repetition rate operation of the current system.

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Exploring optimal control of epidemic spread using reinforcement learning

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-79147-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abu Quwsar Ohi ◽

M. F. Mridha ◽

Muhammad Mostafa Monowar ◽

Md. Abdul Hamid

Keyword(s):

Reinforcement Learning ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Transmission Rate ◽

Optimal Solution ◽

Short Length ◽

Reproduction Rate ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Epidemic Spread ◽

The Impact ◽

Individual Human

AbstractPandemic defines the global outbreak of a disease having a high transmission rate. The impact of a pandemic situation can be lessened by restricting the movement of the mass. However, one of its concomitant circumstances is an economic crisis. In this article, we demonstrate what actions an agent (trained using reinforcement learning) may take in different possible scenarios of a pandemic depending on the spread of disease and economic factors. To train the agent, we design a virtual pandemic scenario closely related to the present COVID-19 crisis. Then, we apply reinforcement learning, a branch of artificial intelligence, that deals with how an individual (human/machine) should interact on an environment (real/virtual) to achieve the cherished goal. Finally, we demonstrate what optimal actions the agent perform to reduce the spread of disease while considering the economic factors. In our experiment, we let the agent find an optimal solution without providing any prior knowledge. After training, we observed that the agent places a long length lockdown to reduce the first surge of a disease. Furthermore, the agent places a combination of cyclic lockdowns and short length lockdowns to halt the resurgence of the disease. Analyzing the agent’s performed actions, we discover that the agent decides movement restrictions not only based on the number of the infectious population but also considering the reproduction rate of the disease. The estimation and policy of the agent may improve the human-strategy of placing lockdown so that an economic crisis may be avoided while mitigating an infectious disease.

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