scholarly journals Individual variability in patterns and dynamics of fecal gluten immunogenic peptides excretion after low gluten intake

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Coto ◽  
Carolina Sousa ◽  
Angel Cebolla
Keyword(s):  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Lateral Flow Immunoassay ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Immunogenic Peptides ◽  
Stool Samples

Abstract Purpose Determination of Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) in feces is a direct tool for gluten exposure detection. The sensitivity of GIP detection methods for cases of unintentional low gluten intakes is unknown. We studied the interindividual variability in the kinetic of excretion under homogeneously controlled dietary conditions, and the sensitivity of fecal GIP tests after low amounts of punctual gluten ingestions. Methods Participants (n = 20) followed the same gluten-free menu for 12 days in which two separated doses of gluten (50 mg and 2 g) were ingested and all the depositions were collected. GIP from stool samples were analyzed by ELISA and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) tests. Results Most participants had detectable GIP after 50 mg and 2 g gluten ingestions using ELISA test (72.2% and 95%, respectively), whereas the LFIA test showed less sensitivity (22.2% and 80%, respectively). GIP were detected at higher either frequency or concentration in the range of 12–36 h after 50 mg intake, and 12–84 h after 2 g consumption. Considering this period, diagnostic sensitivity of GIP detection after a single 50 mg ingestion may be significatively increased analyzing three stool samples per individual. High variability among participants was found in the time and amount of GIP excretion; however, some individuals showed common patterns for both gluten intakes. Conclusion Sporadic gluten exposure detection may require several fecal samples to achieve level of sensitivity above 90%. Interindividual variability in the dynamic of GIP excretion may suggest patterns of gluten metabolism.

scholarly journals Dynamics and Considerations in the Determination of the Excretion of Gluten Immunogenic Peptides in Urine: Individual Variability at Low Gluten Intake

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2624
Author(s):  
Laura Coto ◽  
Carolina Sousa ◽  
Angel Cebolla
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Lateral Flow Immunoassay ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Immunogenic Peptides ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Healthy Participants

Background: A lifelong strict gluten-free diet is the only available treatment for celiac disease, but total exclusion of gluten is difficult to achieve. The aim of this study was to determine the range of time and the amount of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) excreted in urine after specific gluten ingestions. Methods: 20 healthy participants followed the same diet for 12 days in which 50 mg and 2 g of gluten were ingested and all the urinations were collected. GIP were analyzed by lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) tests and quantified using an LFIA reader. Results: GIP were detected in 15% and 95% of participants after 50 mg and 2 g gluten intakes, respectively. The higher frequency and concentration of GIP was found between 6 and 9 h after both gluten ingestions. The ranges of detection were 3–12 h (50 mg) and 0–15 h (2 g). Conclusions: An increase in the frequency of urine tests may be a suitable approach to avoid false negative results. The use of the LFIA test in three urine samples collected at different times may show a sensitivity of 19.6% for a gluten ingestion like 50 mg, increasing to 93% after 2 g consumption.

scholarly journals Gluten Immunogenic Peptides as Standard for the Evaluation of Potential Harmful Prolamin Content in Food and Human Specimen

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Cebolla ◽  
María de Lourdes Moreno ◽  
Laura Coto ◽  
Carolina Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Immunogenic Peptides ◽  
Partial Digestion ◽  
Human Specimen ◽  
Main Components

Gluten is a complex mixture of storage proteins in cereals like wheat, barley and rye. Prolamins are the main components of gluten. Their high content in proline and glutamine makes them water-insoluble and difficult to digest in the gastrointestinal tract. Partial digestion generates peptide sequences which trigger immune responses in celiac and gluten-sensitive patients. Gluten detection in food is challenging because of the diversity, in various food matrices, of protein proportions and their immunogenicity. Attempts to develop standard reference materials have been unsuccessful. We present here a summary of recent studies reporting the detection of dominant Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) sharing epitopes presented in the α-gliadin 33-mer, the most important celiac disease-immunogenic sequence within gluten. GIP were not only detectable and quantifiable in very different kind of difficult to analyze food, but also in stool and urine of celiac patients on a supposedly gluten-free diet (GFD), providing the first simple and objective means to assess adherence to the GFD. Methods to specifically and sensitively detect the most active GIP in food and biological fluids are rational candidates may use similar analytical standard references for determination of the immunopathological risk of gluten exposure in gluten-related diseases.

scholarly journals Determination of Urinary Gluten Immunogenic Peptides to Assess Adherence to the Gluten-Free Diet: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e00411
Author(s):  
Chiara Monachesi ◽  
Anil K. Verma ◽  
Giulia N. Catassi ◽  
Elisa Franceschini ◽  
Simona Gatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Immunogenic Peptides

scholarly journals Multicenter Evaluation of an ELISA for the Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. Antigen in Clinical Human Stool Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Romy Razakandrainibe ◽  
Célia Mérat ◽  
Nathalie Kapel ◽  
Marc Sautour ◽  
Karine Guyot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocyst ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Conventional Microscopy ◽  
Human Stool

Human cryptosporidiosis remains underdiagnosed, and rapid/accurate diagnosis is of clinical importance. Diagnosis of the Cryptosporidium oocyst in stool samples by conventional microscopy is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and requires skillful experience. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test in detecting Cryptosporidium spp. from fecal specimens. For this aim, we evaluated the performances of a commercial ELISA (CoproELISA Cryptosporidium kit, Savyon Diagnostics, Israel) for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in random clinical stool samples through a multicenter study. The sensitivity and specificity for coproantigen ELISA were 98.86% and 94.32%, respectively. The coproantigen ELISA results indicate that the simple, rapid, reliable, and standardized immunoassay test is sensitive and specific for routine diagnosis, and may be useful for large-scale epidemiological studies of cryptosporidiosis.

619 - Determination of Gluten Grams Ingested and Excrected by Adults Eating Gluten-Free (Doggiebag)

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-130
Author(s):  
Jocelyn A. Silvester ◽  
Angel Cebolla ◽  
Lisa Rigaux ◽  
Remedios Dominguez ◽  
Daniel A. Leffler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gluten Free

scholarly journals Descriptive Study of the Different Tools Used to Evaluate the Adherence to a Gluten-Free Diet in Celiac Disease Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Rodrigo ◽  
Isabel Pérez-Martinez ◽  
Eugenia Lauret-Braña ◽  
Adolfo Suárez-González
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Celiac disease (CD) is a genetically conditioned autoimmune process that appears in susceptible people. It can affect people of any age, and slightly predominates in females. It has a fairly homogenous global distribution, with an average prevalence of 1–2%, the frequency having increased in recent decades. The only effective treatment is a strict and permanent gluten-free diet (GFD), although the level of compliance is poor, at about 50% of cases. To monitor the effectiveness of the GFD, several procedures involving various approaches are employed: (a) Periodic visits by expert Nutritionists; (b) Clinical follow-up; (c) Serological time controls of specific antibodies; (d) Serial endoscopies with collection of duodenal biopsies; (e) Use of structured questionnaires; and (f) Determination of gluten peptides derived from gluten in faeces and/or urine. All of these procedures are useful when applied, alone or in combination, depending on the cases. Some patients will only need to consult to their doctors, while others will require a multidisciplinary approach to assess their compliance with the GFD. In children, normalization of duodenal mucosa was achieved in 95% of cases within two years, while it is more delayed in adults, whose mucosa take longer time (3–5 years) to heal completely.

scholarly journals Biosensors for the Determination of SARS-CoV-2 Virus and Diagnosis of COVID-19 Infection

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Maryia Drobysh ◽  
Almira Ramanaviciene ◽  
Roman Viter ◽  
Chien-Fu Chen ◽  
Urte Samukaite-Bubniene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
Analytical Signal ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Free Mode ◽  
Rna Hybridisation ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Affinity Interaction

Monitoring and tracking infection is required in order to reduce the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To achieve this goal, the development and deployment of quick, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic methods are necessary. The determination of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is performed by biosensing devices, which vary according to detection methods and the biomarkers which are inducing/providing an analytical signal. RNA hybridisation, antigen-antibody affinity interaction, and a variety of other biological reactions are commonly used to generate analytical signals that can be precisely detected using electrochemical, electrochemiluminescence, optical, and other methodologies and transducers. Electrochemical biosensors, in particular, correspond to the current trend of bioanalytical process acceleration and simplification. Immunosensors are based on the determination of antigen-antibody interaction, which on some occasions can be determined in a label-free mode with sufficient sensitivity.

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