scholarly journals The effect of virtual reality on temporal bone anatomy evaluation and performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Timonen ◽  
Aarno Dietz ◽  
Pia Linder ◽  
Antti Lehtimäki ◽  
Heikki Löppönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Temporal Bones

Abstract Purpose There is only limited data on the application of virtual reality (VR) for the evaluation of temporal bone anatomy. The aim of the present study was to compare the VR environment to traditional cross-sectional viewing of computed tomography images in a simulated preoperative planning setting in novice and expert surgeons. Methods A novice (n = 5) and an expert group (n = 5), based on their otosurgery experience, were created. The participants were asked to identify 24 anatomical landmarks, perform 11 distance measurements between surgically relevant anatomical structures and 10 fiducial markers on five cadaver temporal bones in both VR environment and cross-sectional viewings in PACS interface. The data on performance time and user-experience (i.e., subjective validation) were collected. Results The novice group made significantly more errors (p < 0.001) and with significantly longer performance time (p = 0.001) in cross-sectional viewing than the expert group. In the VR environment, there was no significant differences (errors and time) between the groups. The performance of novices improved faster in the VR. The novices showed significantly faster task performance (p = 0.003) and a trend towards fewer errors (p = 0.054) in VR compared to cross-sectional viewing. No such difference between the methods were observed in the expert group. The mean overall scores of user-experience were significantly higher for VR than cross-sectional viewing in both groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion In the VR environment, novices performed the anatomical evaluation of temporal bone faster and with fewer errors than in the traditional cross-sectional viewing, which supports its efficiency for the evaluation of complex anatomy.

Combining Stereoscopic Video and Virtual Reality Simulation to Maximize Education in Lateral Skull Base Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 922-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel R. Barber ◽  
Saurabh Jain ◽  
Michael A. Mooney ◽  
Kaith K. Almefty ◽  
Michael T. Lawton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Stereoscopic Video ◽  
3D Slicer ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Desktop Virtual Reality ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Lateral Skull Base ◽  
Hands On

Mastery of lateral skull base (LSB) surgery requires thorough knowledge of complex, 3-dimensional (3D) microanatomy and techniques. While supervised operation under binocular microscopy remains the training gold standard, concerns over operative time and patient safety often limit novice surgeons’ stereoscopic exposure. Furthermore, most alternative educational resources cannot meet this need. Here we present proof of concept for a tool that combines 3D-operative video with an interactive, stereotactic teaching environment. Stereoscopic video was recorded with a microscope during translabyrinthine approaches for vestibular schwannoma. Digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) temporal bone computed tomography images were segmented using 3D-Slicer. Files were rendered using a game engine software built for desktop virtual reality. The resulting simulation was an interactive immersion combining a 3D operative perspective from the lead surgeon’s chair with virtual reality temporal bone models capable of hands-on manipulation, label toggling, and transparency modification. This novel tool may alter LSB training paradigms.

scholarly journals Review of temporal bone dissection teaching: how it was, is and will be

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P George ◽  
R De
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

AbstractObjective:We aimed to review the history of anatomical dissection, and to examine how modern educational techniques will change the way temporal bone dissection is taught to otolaryngology trainees.Method:Review of the literature using Medline, Embase and PubMed database searches.Results:Temporal bone anatomy has traditionally been taught using cadaveric specimens. However, resources such as three-dimensional reconstructed models and ‘virtual reality’ temporal bone simulators have a place in educating the otolaryngology trainee.Conclusion:We should encourage the use of fresh frozen cadaveric temporal bone specimens for future otologists. Artificial three-dimensional models and virtual reality temporal bone simulators can be used to educate junior trainees, thus conserving the scarce resource of cadaveric bones.

Cholesteatoma in three dimensions: a teaching tool and an aid to improved pre-operative consent

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
D P Morris ◽  
R G Van Wijhe
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Teaching Tool ◽  
Surgical Experience ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
User Friendly

AbstractBackground:Otological surgeons face two recurring challenges. Firstly, we must foster an appreciation of the complex, three-dimensional anatomy of the temporal bone in order to enable our trainees to operate safely and independently. Secondly, we must explain to our patients the necessity for surgery which carries the potential for serious complication.Methods:Amira® software was applied to pre-operative computed tomography images of temporal bones with cholesteatoma, to create three-dimensional computer images. Normal structures and cholesteatoma were displayed in a user-friendly, interactive format, allowing both trainee and patient to visualise disease and important structures within the temporal bone.Results:Three cases, and their three-dimensional computer models are presented. Zoom, rotation and transparency functions complemented the three-dimensional effect.Conclusion:These three-dimensional models provided a useful adjunct to cadaveric temporal bone dissection and surgical experience for our residents' teaching programme. Also, patients with cholesteatoma reported a better understanding of their pre-operative condition when the models were used during the consenting process.

Investigation of Temporal Bone Anatomy by Plastic Moulding and Cryomicrotomy

1986 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wilbrand ◽  
W. Rauschning
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Cochlear Aqueduct ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Bone Structures

To increase our understanding of the complex topographic relations between temporal bone structures and to facilitate the interpretation of their radiographic images, two techniques were developed. 1) Plastic moulding of temporal bone specimens using polyester resin and silicone rubber substances providing detailed information and a three-dimensional survey of the structures. Carefully macerated temporal bone specimens are filled with plastic material under vacuum and the bone is then dissolved. The preparations, freed from irrelevant structures and embellished, allow metric evaluation of the different structures and their topographic relations. 2) Automatic serial cryomicrotomy of fresh, deep-frozen temporal bones, using a commercial sledge-cryomicrotome. Photography of the cut surfaces of the specimen, usually at distances of 0.25 to 0.50 mm, allows natural-colour reproduction of minute detail, e.g. the melanin cell area in the cochlea, the smallest vessels on the ossicular surfaces, and the origin of the cochlear aqueduct at the basal turn of the cochlea. By correlating the photographs with images from the corresponding tomographic planes accurate information is obtained for interpretation of the radiographic images. A combination of the two techniques facilitates a detailed study and is a valuable aid in the teaching of temporal bone anatomy.

scholarly journals Virtual reality surgical simulation as a tuition aid for understanding surgical temporal bone anatomy: trial on 15 ear, nose, and throat registrars

B-ENT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Florence Rogister ◽  
◽  
Caroline Salmon ◽  
Alexandre Ghuysen ◽  
Peter J. Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Surgical Simulation ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Nose And Throat

scholarly journals Virtual reality improves the accuracy of simulated preoperative planning in temporal bones: a feasibility and validation study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Timonen ◽  
Matti Iso-Mustajärvi ◽  
Pia Linder ◽  
Antti Lehtimäki ◽  
Heikki Löppönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Picture Archiving And Communication ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Temporal Bones

Abstract Purpose Consumer-grade virtual reality (VR) has recently enabled various medical applications, but more evidence supporting their validity is needed. We investigated the accuracy of simulated surgical planning in a VR environment (VR) with temporal bones and compared it to conventional cross-sectional image viewing in picture archiving and communication system (PACS) interface. Methods Five experienced otologic surgeons measured significant anatomic structures and fiducials on five fresh-frozen cadaveric temporal bones in VR and cross-sectional viewing. Primary image data were acquired by computed tomography. In total, 275 anatomical landmark measurements and 250 measurements of the distance between fiducials were obtained with both methods. Distance measurements between the fiducials were confirmed by physical measurement obtained by Vernier caliper. The experts evaluated the subjective validity of both methods on a 5-point Likert scale qualitative survey. Results A strong correlation based on intraclass coefficient was found between the methods on both the anatomical (r > 0.900) and fiducial measurements (r > 0.916). Two-tailed paired t-test and Bland–Altman plots demonstrated high equivalences between the VR and cross-sectional viewing with mean differences of 1.9% (p = 0.396) and 0.472 mm (p = 0.065) for anatomical and fiducial measurements, respectively. Gross measurement errors due to the misidentification of fiducials occurred more frequently in the cross-sectional viewing. The mean face and content validity rating for VR were significantly better compared to cross-sectional viewing (total mean score 4.11 vs 3.39, p < 0.001). Conclusion Our study supports good accuracy and reliability of VR environment for simulated surgical planning in temporal bones compared to conventional cross-sectional visualization.

scholarly journals Image-guided Temporal Bone Dissection Course

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Sgarabotto Ribeiro ◽  
Geraldo Pereira Jotz ◽  
Natália Cândido de Sousa ◽  
Enio Tadashi Setogutti ◽  
Gustavo Rassier Isolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Multislice Ct ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Dissection Course

Abstract Introduction Temporal bone anatomy is complex and demands a profound anatomical knowledge. Association between surgery and imaging helps in the process of learning three-dimensional (3D) anatomy and surgical techniques. High definition temporal bone imaging can play an important role in dissection training. Objective To describe a computed tomography (CT) image-guided temporal bone dissection course for surgical training in otolaryngology and to verify the satisfaction level of the students with the course. Methods Descriptive research. The course took place at a research laboratory, with three experienced temporal bone surgeons. The participants were 12 otolaryngology residents. The laboratory has 7 modern workstations with microscope and monitors linked with a computerized video system. Cadaveric temporal bones were donated to the university. Imaging acquisition of the cadaveric temporal bones used in the course was performed in a multislice CT scanner. The CT images of cadaveric temporal bones were available with real-time access on the laboratory monitor's screens during dissections. Results A total of 13 temporal bones were included for dissection. Students had the opportunity to view on the same screen, simultaneously, both the dissection video and the respective CT images of their temporal bone anatomical specimens. This allowed correlating surgical and imaging aspects of temporal bone anatomy. At the end of the course, participants answered a satisfaction survey. Conclusion Considering imaging methods are routinely used during most otologic surgeries, detailed knowledge of CT imaging should be explored in conjunction with the temporal bone anatomical dissection.

Temporal bone dysplasia in Coffin-Siris syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e236139
Author(s):  
Jessica Wauchope ◽  
Colin Leonard ◽  
Steven McKinstry ◽  
Keith Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bone Dysplasia ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Middle Ear Disease ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Bone Abnormalities

We report a child, diagnosed with Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS), with chronic right otorrhoea. CT and DR-MRI were performed to further investigate, diagnose and determine relevant surgical anatomy. CT temporal bones assessment was performed, and the measurements compared with previously published data for normal temporal bone anatomy. These comparisons highlighted various differences which were not initially expected; it showed that there were multiple inner ear abnormalities in addition to middle ear disease. This case highlights the importance of considering temporal bone abnormalities in all children with CSS or any dysmorphia, when they may require mastoid procedures. Reviewing the management of this case provides relevant learning opportunities for both primary, secondary and tertiary care institutions.

Developmental Temporal Bone Anatomy and its Clinical Significance: Variations on Themes by H. F. Schuknecht

1984 ◽  
Vol 93 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershon J. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Tumor Extension ◽  
Developmental Anatomy ◽  
Bone Trauma ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
Temporal Bones

Fifty-eight fetal and neonatal temporal bones were studied to evaluate the mechanisms of development of the hiatus of the facial canal, hypotympanic fissures, periotic duct, tympanomeningeal fissures, and fetal inner ear vascularity. These were correlated with the clinical pathologic entities of temporal bone trauma, glomus jugulare tumor extension within the temporal bone, CNS-temporal septic conduits, and inner ear vascularity. Temporal bone developmental anatomy and histopathology provide rich sources of information on which to base the scientific and clinical study of otology.

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