scholarly journals Media Awareness and Screen Time Reduction in Children, Youth or Families: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanno Krafft ◽  
Katja Boehm ◽  
Silke Schwarz ◽  
Michael Eichinger ◽  
Arndt Büssing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Screen Media ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractExcessive use of screen media is a global public health issue and especially extensive screen exposure during very early childhood. This review was conducted in order to update previous reviews on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce screen time. An electronic literature search was carried out in MEDLINE, COCHRANE LIBRARY and CINAHL for articles indexed from June 2011 until October 2019. The search identified 933 publications of which 11 publications were included in this review. There are studies showing interventions with a positive influence on reduction of screen time and the participants’ awareness and behavior concerning the use of screen media, as well as studies without such effects. No intervention was identified to be superior. This warrants further investigation of potentially effective combinations of intervention components and long-term follow-up.

scholarly journals Long-term Outcomes of Patients with Anti–Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Encephalitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Qiao ◽  
Huai-kuan Wu ◽  
Ling-ling Liu ◽  
Ke-jun Zang ◽  
Xuewu liu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Ancillary Test ◽  
Behavioral Abnormalities ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background: This report aims to provide a detailed description of the clinical manifestation, immunotherapy, and long-term outcomes of 117 Chinese patients with anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis. Methods: We retrospectively selected 117 patients diagnosed with anti-LGI1 encephalitis from the databases of multiple clinical centers from September 2014 to December 2019. The clinical features, ancillary test results, and details of long-term outcomes were analyzed.Results: Among the 117 anti-LGI1 encephalitis patients, 81 (69%) were male and 36 (31%) were female; the median onset age was 51 years (range: 30-77 years). The median time from symptom onset until diagnosis was 8.7 weeks (range: 2-49 weeks). The main features evaluated in our cohort were seizures, cognitive impairment, and mental and behavioral abnormalities. One hundred and nine patients were treated with immunotherapy, After 3-5 days of treatment, the clinical symptoms were somewhat alleviated in all the patients, and their memory, mental ability, and behavior improved. The median follow-up time was 33 months (range: 6-59 months). A total of 19 (16%) patients experienced a relapse; the median duration from onset to the first relapse was 5 (0.3-27) months. There were no mortalities during the follow-up period.Conclusions: The outcome of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis is mostly favorable, although some patients continue to suffer from cognitive dysfunction. Early recognition is of great significance for the treatment of anti-LGI1 encephalitis. Prompt adequate immunotherapy has positive implications for the improvement of clinical symptoms of anti-LGI1 encephalitis. Long-term follow-up is important for the assessment of LGI1 antibody-mediated encephalitis.

Taguchi versus Lich-Grégoir Extravesical Ureteroneocystostomy in Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hannah Wehner ◽  
Bernd Wullich ◽  
Frank Kunath ◽  
Hendrik Apel
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Bladder Tissue ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Ureteric implantation of the transplanted ureter into native urinary bladder tissue in kidney transplantation recipients is essential for post-operative kidney function. We aimed to determine the effects of Taguchi versus Lich-Grégoir extravesical ureteroneocystostomy in kidney transplantation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched multiple databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science), trial registries, and conference proceedings until March 2021. We included prospective studies comparing Taguchi and Lich-Grégoir ureteroneocystostomy in kidney transplantation. Two review authors independently screened the identified records, extracted data, evaluated the risk of bias using ROBINS-I, and assessed the certainty of evidence according to GRADE. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We identified 3 prospective studies with serious or critical risk of bias, leading to low-certainty evidence. We downgraded the risk of bias due to study limitations. Assessment and/or reporting of baseline imbalances, co-interventions, and confounding factors was insufficient in all included studies. The effect of Taguchi ureteroneocystostomy remains unclear. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Currently available evidence is not useful to determine the effect of Taguchi versus Lich-Grégoir ureteroneocystostomy in kidney transplantation. There is a need for methodologically better designed and executed studies, such as randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up reporting baseline imbalances, co-interventions, and confounding factors.

scholarly journals Effect of airway administration of budesonide for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
kaixu wang ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Composite Outcome ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Objective: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the major challenges in preterm infants despite the therapeutic improvement. Airway administration of budesonide might be a safe and effective way. However, the optimal timing of airway administration is under determined. The meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of early (≤1d after birth) and late (>1d after birth) airway administration of budesonide in decreasing the incidence of BPD and death as the primary outcome . Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China national knowledge internet (CNKI), China biology medicine disc (CBM), WANFANG data, and China Science and Technology Journal Database were searched for RCTs that compared airway administration of budesonide with controls. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3. Results: Airway administration of budesonide decreased the risk of BPD at 36 weeks PMA and the composite outcome of BPD or death (RR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.55~0.75 and RR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.57~0.89).Moreover, 37% and 36% reduction was observed in the incidence of BPD and the composite outcome of BPD or death in the early airway administration group (≤1d) (RR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.53~0.75 and RR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.47~0.87 ), while no difference was found in late airway administration group (>1d) (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.49~1.13 and RR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.64~1.21). Conclusion: early airway administration (≤1d) of budesonide reduced the incidence of BPD alone or composite outcome of death or BPD, and it is safe without increasing death as well as other short-term side effects. However, because of the small number of infants in late airway administration group and lacking of long-term follow-up, more randomized controlled trials are needed to testify for the outcomes. Keywords: Budesonide, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, premature infants, meta-analysis, airway administration.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Injections for Partial Rotator Cuff Tears: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Edoardo Giovannetti de Sanctis ◽  
Edoardo Franceschetti ◽  
Ferdinando De Dona ◽  
Alessio Palumbo ◽  
Michele Paciotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Shoulder Function ◽  
Rotator Cuff Tears ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

(1) Background: Even though rotator cuff tears are the most frequent tendon injuries in adults, the effectiveness of conservatively treated partial-thickness tears still remains a matter of debate. The purpose of this review is to compare corticosteroid injections to other drugs in the treatment of partial rotator cuff tears, focusing on the effectiveness of this therapeutic modality in terms of pain and shoulder functionality. (2) Methods: A systematic electronic search was performed using the PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. All studies comparing the use of corticosteroids and other infiltrative techniques in the treatment of partial lesions (excluding studies that considered subacromial impingement as inclusion criteria) were pooled, data were extracted and statistically analyzed. (3) Results: Nine studies were included in this systematic review. Those studies, composed by a total of 494 shoulders treated, have been published from 1985 to 2019. All compared techniques have shown a significant improvement over baseline condition. PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) injections have been shown to be significantly more effective in both functional and pain control only in the long term. (4) Conclusions: None of the techniques prevail indisputably on the others. Anyway, the treatment of partial rotator cuff tears with PRP injections seems to lead to significantly better outcomes in terms of pain and shoulder function in long term follow up. Whereas in short and medium term follow up, PRP injections was superior only in terms of shoulder function. The small number of studies on prolotherapy did not enable us to provide an opinion on the outcomes of this technique.

iRest Meditation for Older Adults with Depression Symptoms: 6-Month and 1-Year Follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Helané Wahbeh ◽  
Nina Fry
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Score Improvement ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Preliminary positive evidence supports the use of iRest (Integrative Restoration) in older adults with depression symptoms. No long-term follow-up measures have been reported on whether the preliminary effects continue beyond initial iRest trainings. The growing population of older adults with depression symptoms is a serious public health issue, and effective interventions to support this vulnerable population are warranted. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the depression and depression-related symptoms 6 and 12 months after an iRest intervention. All study measures were collected online. Twenty-five of the original participants completed the 6- and 12-month surveys. Of those, nine stated that they still practiced the guided meditations at the time of the 12-month follow-up (five iRest and four vacation participants). Both groups had improvements in depression scores from baseline (week 0) to the 12-month follow-up. There were no differences between groups on depression symptoms or other measures except for negative mood and perceived stress, which were improved in the vacation group compared to the iRest group. Meditation practice was not a significant predictor of depression score improvement.

scholarly journals Deep Margin Elevation for Indirect Restorations: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Khaled Alghulikah ◽  
Nada Abdulrahman Alsulaiman ◽  
Haya Saad Al Ibrahim ◽  
Rama Mahmoud AlYamany ◽  
Najla Haif Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Adhesive Dentistry ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Deep Margin ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background: The evolution of adhesive dentistry has increased the demand for improving the clinical outcomes of indirect restorations. There are several challenging factors in restoring teeth with deep interproximal lesions. Surgical crown lengthening has been the primary procedure to avoid violation of the biological width. In recent years, deep marginal elevation (DME) has been proposed as an alternative procedure for maintaining biological width in cases with subgingival defects. The aim of this review was to search for the best available evidence concerning the clinical outcomes of DME. Methodology: A comprehensive online search was performed using three different databases (using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the American dental association library for evidence-based dentistry). Four independent authors reviewed studies, collected data, and assessed the risk of bias. Results: The initial search revealed 1,763 studies. Duplicates were removed, and an extensive review was performed. Only six studies met the inclusion criteria and were accepted in the review. Conclusions: The systematic review advocates that DME is a reasonable, predictable, and reliable clinical procedure. There is a limitation of clinical studies in this field; therefore, more clinical studies with long-term follow-up periods are necessary.

scholarly journals Snakebite Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy and Recommendations for Clinical Practice

Toxins ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Tina Noutsos ◽  
Bart J. Currie ◽  
Eranga S. Wijewickrama ◽  
Geoffrey K. Isbister
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Thrombotic Microangiopathy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Almost All

Snakebite is a significant and under-resourced global public health issue. Snake venoms cause a variety of potentially fatal clinical toxin syndromes, including venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) which is associated with major haemorrhage. A subset of patients with VICC develop a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). This article reviews recent evidence regarding snakebite-associated TMA and its epidemiology, diagnosis, outcomes, and effectiveness of interventions including antivenom and therapeutic plasma-exchange. Snakebite-associated TMA presents with microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (evidenced by schistocytes on the blood film), thrombocytopenia in almost all cases, and a spectrum of acute kidney injury (AKI). A proportion of patients require dialysis, most survive and achieve dialysis free survival. There is no evidence that antivenom prevents TMA specifically, but early antivenom remains the mainstay of treatment for snake envenoming. There is no evidence for therapeutic plasma-exchange being effective. We propose diagnostic criteria for snakebite-associated TMA as anaemia with >1.0% schistocytes on blood film examination, together with absolute thrombocytopenia (<150 × 109/L) or a relative decrease in platelet count of >25% from baseline. Patients are at risk of long-term chronic kidney disease and long term follow up is recommended.

scholarly journals Long term efficacy of root coverage techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
V.S.Ananya Sweta ◽  
Jananni Muthu ◽  
B Pratebha ◽  
R Saravana Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Root Coverage ◽  
Coronally Advanced Flap ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Gingival recession is a dramatic soft tissue finding in teeth affected by periodontal disease and remains one of the most common aesthetic concerns associated with periodontal tissue. The etiology of the condition is multifactorial but is commonly associated with alveolar morphology, tooth brushing, mechanical trauma and periodontal disease. With greater understanding of the dynamics of healing along with an awareness of aesthetics various periodontal procedures have been introduced to deal with problems of gingival recession. The long-term stability of the outcomes obtained with the surgical treatment of single and multiple gingival recessions has been evaluated in a few studies. Of the vast repertoire of mucogingival procedures for gingival recession management, long term studies of more than 5 years is present only for coronally advanced flap with or without connective tissue grafts. There are many other novel techniques in literature with little or no evidence to prove its long term efficacy. Various studies published during the last 30 years were identified through a search of the PubMed/Medline, Science Direct and Cochrane Library databases. “Follow up”, “root coverage”, root coverage procedures, root coverage techniques were the key words used for the search. In this review we have grouped the efficacy of various root coverage techniques based on their short and long term follow up. The review emphasises the value of meticulous follow up in order to validate efficacy of root coverage techniques. It also discusses the factors responsible for stability of results.

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