scholarly journals Systemic diseases and their association with open-angle glaucoma in the population of Stockholm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Wändell ◽  
Axel C. Carlsson ◽  
Gunnar Ljunggren
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Somatic Comorbidities ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Abstract Objective We aimed to study open-angle glaucoma in association with somatic comorbidities in the total population of adults in Region Stockholm. Methods The study population included all living persons aged 19 years and above who resided in Stockholm County, Sweden, on 1 January 2017 (N = 1 703 675). Subjects with specified diseases were identified with data from all registered consultations and hospital stays during 2008–2019. As outcome, the risk of being associated with a diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma was identified during 2012–2018. Analyses were performed by gender, controlling for age and socio-economic status. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for women and men with open-angle glaucoma, using individuals without this as referents, were calculated. Socio-economic status was assessed based on the neighbourhood the subjects lived in. Results In total, 16,299 cases of open-angle glaucoma were identified during 2012–2018, 9204 women and 7095 men. Higher fully adjusted OR (95% CI) for risk of being associated with open-angle glaucoma was for women and men with diabetes 1.138 (1.074–1.207) and 1.216 (1.148–1.289), cancer 1.175 (1.120–1.233) and 1.106 (1.048–1.166), hypertension 1.372 (1.306–1.440) and 1.243 (1.179–1.311); and for women with thyroid diseases 1.086 (1.030–1.146), chronic lung diseases 1.153 (1.093–1.216), and inflammatory arthropathies 1.132 (1.006–1.275). Higher glaucoma incidence was observed in individuals residing in high socio-economic status neighbourhoods. Conclusion The risk of glaucoma is increased in some somatic diseases, especially in individuals with diabetes, hypertension and cancer; and in higher socio-economic neighbourhoods as compared to lower socio-economic neighbourhoods.

Socio-Economic Status of Dalits Community in Sindhuli District

Patan Pragya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Bed Prasad Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Service Work ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Occupation

This study is based on Kamalamai Municipality, Sindhuli District. There are 56 households of Dalit (Damai 29 and Kami 27) in this area. The census method was used in the study where, total population is 365 from 56 households. Among them, 172 were male and 193 were female. The general objectives of this study are to identify demographic and socio-economic status of Dalits and to find out causes of deprivation of Dalits people in the community. They worked as agricultural labour and service work. Their income is less than their expenditure. Most of them are uneducated but nowadays, the level of education has increased so that their children go to school and college. Only 39 percent were literate and only 7 percent Dalits have passed SLC and +2. They give priority on arrange marriage. Youth generation doesn't like the traditional occupation and skills. They use a lot of alcohol (Jaad and Raski) in the festivals and rituals ceremony however the economic condition of Dalit is poor so many children of them are forced to dropout from schools because their parents cannot afford their education fees. The social status of the females in the Dalit community is very low than the males in the society. After the father's death all the properties is transferred to the son. The main causes for degrading status of Dalits are due to poverty, lack of education and lack of social awareness. So far, there have not been any kinds of policies and plans to uplift the Dalit community in this area.

XEN implant in primary and secondary open-angle glaucoma: A 12-month retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1034-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ibáñez-Muñoz ◽  
Víctor Santiago Soto-Biforcos ◽  
Leticia Rodríguez-Vicente ◽  
Irune Ortega-Renedo ◽  
María Chacón-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Reduction ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Xen Gel Stent ◽  
Intraocular Pressure Reduction ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Xen Implant

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the XEN45 gel stent implant in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or secondary open-angle glaucoma. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective, single-center, and comparative study conducted in consecutive primary open-angle glaucoma or secondary open-angle glaucoma patients, who underwent a XEN45 implant, alone or in combination with phacoemulsification. The primary end point was the intraocular pressure at the end of the follow-up period. Complete success was defined as an intraocular pressure reduction of ⩾20% from baseline to month 12 without antiglaucoma treatment. Results: Of the 69 patients (74 eyes) who were screened, 68 patients (73 eyes) were included in this study. In the overall study population, XEN gel stent significantly reduced intraocular pressure from 22.3 (21.0–23.5) mmHg at baseline to 15.3 (14.3–16.3) mmHg, p < 0.0001. As compared to baseline, mean intraocular pressure reduction was –7.3 (−9.7 to −5.0) and –6.6 (−8.4 to −4.8) mmHg in the primary open-angle glaucoma and secondary open-angle glaucoma groups, respectively, p = 0.6357. At month 12, 53 (72.6%) eyes were classified as success. The mean number of antiglaucoma medications was significantly reduced in both groups ( p < 0.0001, each). Complications included anterior chamber flattening (one eye), XEN implant extrusion (four eyes), one of whom had an endophthalmitis that required vitrectomy, and one eye underwent a trabeculectomy due to inadequate intraocular pressure control. Conclusion: XEN gel stent, either alone or in combination with phacoemulsification, provided a significant reduction in both intraocular pressure and medical antiglaucoma treatment, but with some safety concerns, in a cohort of patients with open-angle glaucoma (primary or secondary).

Socio-economic factors and the sex ratio at birth

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Teitelbaum ◽  
Nathan Mantel
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Using a large special study population and refined indicators of socio-economic status, the relationship of the live birth sex ratio to socio economic variables is examined. The analyses provide control for the possible confounding effects of race and birth order.The sex ratio is shown to be significantly and positively associated with socio-economic variables. The relationship is not linear, however, but instead is characterized by an apparent ‘diminishing returns’ curve. The major increase in sex ratio is detected as socio-economic status increases from low to moderate. No significant change occurs between moderate and higher socio-economic levels.Even after controlling for the significant socio-economic effect, the analyses detect a significant difference between the sex ratios of Whites on the one hand and Negroes and Puerto Ricans on the other.No significant association between birth order and the sex ratio can be detected in the study population.

scholarly journals PENGARUH STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI ORANG TUA, LITERASI EKONOMI DAN PERCAYA DIRI TERHADAP MINAT WIRAUSAHA SISWA SMP NEGERI DI KECAMATAN TENGGILIS MEJOYO SURABAYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Muhammad Thohir ◽  
Yoyok Soesatyo ◽  
Harti Harti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Student Interests ◽  
Study Population

This analysis to know the determine the effect of Socioeconomic Status of Parents of the students 'entrepreneurial interest, Effect of Economic Literacy for students' entrepreneurial interest, Effect on Interest Entrepreneurial Confidence Students and the Effect of Socio economic Status of Parents, Economic Literacy and self Confidence toEntrepreneurial Student Interests with partial and collectively - together/simultaneously in SMP at Mejoyo Tenggilis Subdistrict Surabaya. This study is using multiple linear regression analysis with a quantitative approach.The study population of 686 students and a sample of 253 students was taken by random sampling propotional.Based on the results of research and discussion of the results of this study concluded that the results the Socio-Economic Status of Parents, Economic Literacy, and Self Confidence influence the Entrepreneurial Interests with significant

scholarly journals Assessment of the level of serum uric acid in patients of pre-eclampsia and their comparison with levels in normotensive pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4900
Author(s):  
Hemant G. Deshpande ◽  
Chandrakant S. Madkar ◽  
Madhukar Shinde ◽  
Vilisha S. Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Normotensive Pregnancy

Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. There are various parameters to evaluate pre-eclampsia. S.uric acid levels is one of the important biochemical markers in pre-eclampsia. The objective of current study is to compare the levels of S.uric acid in pre-eclamptic patients and normotensive patients.Methods: A total of 256 antenatal patients, consisting of two groups, 128 patients in each group diagnosed with pre-eclampsia (either earlier or during examination) and 128 control antenatal patients in their third trimester were considered. Both the groups were compared in relation to age, parity, socio economic status and geographical variations. Blood sample (venous blood) of about 5ml was drawn from the ante cubital vein of the patient under all aseptic precautions to estimate S.uric acid levels.Results: The observation of present study shows that the level of serum uric acid is significantly higher in the cases of pre-eclampsia. The value of S.uric acid increases with the severity of pre-eclampsia.Conclusions: It is concluded from this study that high levels of uric acid are found in the serum of pre-eclamptic cases as compared to normotensive cases of the study population. The levels of uric acid are higher in severe cases as compared to the levels in mild and moderate cases.

scholarly journals Council tax valuation band predicts breast feeding and socio-economic status in the ALSPAC study population

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Beale ◽  
◽  
Gill Kane ◽  
Mark Gwynne ◽  
Carole Peart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Study Population

The role of personality and socio‐economic status in the stress–illness relation: A longitudinal study

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelita V. Ranchor ◽  
Robbert Sanderman
Keyword(s):  
Normal Population ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Although a wide variety of factors have been found to be related to health in some way, researchers on the subject of health generally fail to integrate findings of other research disciplines within their own line of research. This study has attempted to bring together two research disciplines: (a) research on personality and health, and (b) research on socio‐economical differences in health. Personality factors as well as social class have been found to mediate the stress‐illness relation. Based on empirical and theoretical considerations, we proposed a simple model for the occurrence and course of disease. The personality factors studied were neuroticism, locus of control, and self‐esteem. Socio‐economic status (SES) was represented by education level, occupation status, and income. Health was operationalized as the number of somatic diseases. The research questions were investigated (using t‐tests andpath analysis) in a longitudinal set of data that were collected between 1970 and 1984 among 245 subjects in the normal population. Neuroticism appeared to be an important mediator of the stress‐illness relation. Of the SES variables, occupation and education served as mediators; education was especially infuential on the course of disease. The role of neuroticism is discussed.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Status and Health: Evaluation of Human Biomonitored Chemical Exposure to Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances across Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgen Buekers ◽  
Ann Colles ◽  
Christa Cornelis ◽  
Bert Morrens ◽  
Eva Govarts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Standard Classification

Research on the environment, health, and well-being nexus (EHWB) is shifting from a silo toward a systemic approach that includes the socio-economic context. To disentangle further the complex interplay between the socio-exposome and internal chemical exposure, we performed a meta-analysis of human biomonitoring (HBM) studies with internal exposure data on per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and detailed information on risk factors, including descriptors of socio-economic status (SES) of the study population. PFASs are persistent in nature, and some have endocrine-disrupting properties. Individual studies have shown that HBM biomarker concentrations of PFASs generally increase with SES indicators, e.g., for income. Based on a meta-analysis (five studies) of the associations between PFASs and SES indicators, the magnitude of the association could be estimated. For the SES indicator income, changes in income were expressed by a factor change, which was corrected by the Gini coefficient to take into account the differences in income categories between studies, and the income range between countries. For the SES indicator education, we had to conclude that descriptors (<college, x years of study, etc.) differed too widely between studies to perform a meta-analysis. Therefore, the use of the uniform ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education) is recommended in future studies. The meta-analysis showed that a higher income is associated with a higher internal exposure to PFASs (PFOS or perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, PFOA or perfluorooctanoic acid, PFNA or perfluorononanoic acid, PFHxS or perfluorohexane sulfonate). This is opposite to the environmental justice hypothesis, referring to an inequitable distribution of detrimental environmental effects toward poor and minority communities by a practice or policy. With a doubling of the income, internal exposure increased on average by 10%–14%. Possible explanations for this difference are given, e.g., underlying differences in diet. However, other sources can also contribute, and the exact causes of SES-related differences in PFAS concentrations remain unclear. Studies are needed that include social descriptors together with lifestyle and dietary information as explanatory variables for internal chemical exposure levels. This will help clarify the underlying factors that link SES with inequity to environmental exposures, and will raise awareness and knowledge to strengthen the capacities of people and communities to advocate chemical exposure reduction in order to reduce this health inequity.

Determinants of Overnight Stay in Health Centres and Length of Admission: A Study of Canadian Seniors

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince M. Amegbor ◽  
Kyle B. Plumb ◽  
Mark W. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Hospital Stays

ABSTRACTThis study examines the influence of chronic health conditions and socio-economic status on overnight admission and length of stay among Canadian seniors. Incremental multivariate logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models assessed the relationship between selected predictors, overnight admission, and duration of stay. The findings show that all chronic health conditions and socio-economic factors examined were significantly associated with overnight hospital admission. However, seniors with cardiovascular health conditions, the very old, and seniors living in lower-income households had a greater risk of longer stays. Canadian seniors diagnosed with hypertension, cancer, diabetes, and stroke had greater risk of longer overnight hospital stays. Seniors aged 75 to 79 years, 80 years or older, and those living in lower-income households (≤ $39,999) were more likely to have a longer overnight hospital stay. Findings suggest that improving seniors’ health and socio-economic status may reduce the risk of overnight admission and longer stays of hospitalisation.

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