Predictive model of under-five mortality in developing countries: evidence from multiple indicators cluster survey Punjab

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Shahid Adil ◽  
Fatima Hunnain ◽  
Shahzada M. Naeem Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicators

scholarly journals Why under five children are stunted in Pakistan? Multilevel analysis of Punjab Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-2014)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Faisal Abbas ◽  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Ratana Somrongthong
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Punjab Province

Abstract Background : Pakistan is facing an acute problem of child under-nutrition as about 38 percent of children in Pakistan are stunted. Punjab, the largest province by population and GDP share having stunting prevalence of about 33.5 percent moderately and 13.3 percent severely stunted children of less than five years. Thus, this study aims at examining empirically the determinants of stunting (moderate and severe) at different level of hierarchy. Methodology : Data for this study is coming from Punjab Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey (MICS-2014). MICS uses two-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach. MICS is sub national level (Punjab province) data covering urban and rural areas. The data consists of 25,067 children under five, for 9 administrative divisions and 36 districts of Punjab province of Pakistan. Descriptive statistics and multilevel hierarchical models were estimated. Multilevel data analyses has advantage because it provides robust standard error estimates and helps in finding variation in the data at various levels. Results : Punjab has stunting prevalence of about 27 percent moderately and 10 percent severely stunted children of less than five years. The results depict that increasing age of child, increasing birth order, illiterate mothers and fathers, lack of sanitation facilities and being poor are associated significantly with the likelihood of moderate and sever stunting. Surprisingly, there is a gender bias in stunting in Punjab, Pakistan and being girl child is more likely associated with moderate and severe stunting which depicts the patriarchal nature of the society and a strong prevalence of gender bias in household resource allocations. Conclusion : This outcome of our analysis points towards targeting not only households (focus on girls) but also their families and communities. Keywords: Undernutrition; Stunting; Child Health; Pakistan; Punjab; Multilevel Models; Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey.

Implementation of Home Visit Programs in Improving Nutritional Status of Under-Five Children in Developing Countries: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zakiah Zulfa ◽  
◽  
Cesa Septiana Pratiwi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Review Question

Background: In developing country, malnutrition of under five children was still a severe problem because it may have an impact on the quality of human resources in the future. Various program has been tried in many places to overcome this problem, one of which is through a home visit program, which is very necessary for educational purposes to manage malnutrition. This study aimed to determine how to implement a home visit program to improve the nutritional status of under five children in developing countries. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted using Arksey and O’malley (2005) framework with five steps: (1) Identify the scoping review question; (2) Identify relevant articles; (3) Article selection; (4) Mapping; (5) Present the results, discussion and conclusion. The search included Pubmed, Wiley, Ebsco, Science Direct, and Google scholar databases. The inclusion criteria were original articles in Indonesian and English from developing countries published from 2010 to 2019. The data were reported by PRISMA flow chart. Results: Five of the 159 articles were selected, and found that five themes were summarized, namely: (1) effective implementation of home visits, (2) types of rehabilitation of nutritional status of under-five children on home visits, (3) home visit officers 4) time and activities for conducting home visits and 5 ) constraints on home visits for malnutrition education purposes. Conclusion: Home visit program is an effective and significant strategy to reduce the incidence of underweight, moderate and severe malnutrition, stunting and wasting in under five children only when combined with other programs. Several knowledge gaps identify which confirm through further research. Keywords: home visit, nutritional status of under-five children, malnutrition, developing countries Correspondence: Siti Zakiah Zulfa. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Ringroad Barat No.63, Mlangi, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085641349694. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.11

Relative Efficacy of Probiotics Compared with Standard Therapy for Diarrhea Treatment in Children Under Five Years of Age: A Meta-Analysis Evidence from Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Suria Saputri ◽  
◽  
Tri Nugraha Susilawati ◽  
Vitri Widyaningsih ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Review Manager

ABSTRACT Background: Probiotics have been widely studied in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. There is high-quality evidence that probiotics are effective for acute infectious diarrhea. This study aimed to examine the relative efficacy of probiotics compared with standard therapy for diarrhea treatment in children under five using meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: A meta-analysis was carried out using systematic PRISMA guidelines. The review process begins with searching for articles published between 2009 and 2019 from PubMed, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases. This study obtained four articles that meet the criteria of the randomized controlled trial (RCT), the study subjects were toddlers and conducted in developing countries. A sample of 995 children was divided into two groups, 518 children received probiotics (intervention) and 477 children received standard therapy (control). The data were analyzed by Review Manager (RevMan) software 5.3 to assess Standardized Mean Difference (SMD). Results: Probiotics administration reduced duration of acute diarrhea in children under five than standard therapy, with pooled estimate= 0.30 (SMD= -0.30; 95% CI= – 0.56 to -0.03). Conclusion: Probiotics administration combined with standard therapy is effective to reduce the duration of acute diarrhea in children under five in developing countries. Keywords: acute diarrhea, probiotic, children under five Correspondence:Nurul Aini Suria Saputri. Midwifery Department, School of Health Polytechnics, Tanjungpinang/ Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim No.1, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285743401971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.95

scholarly journals TREATING A CHILD WITH COUGH OR DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING AT DISTRICT HOSPITALS

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (153) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Shrestha ◽  
P Bhattarai ◽  
M Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
District Hospitals

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the commonest infections in children under the age of five years inNepal. An under five child will have 4-6 episodes of ARI per year in Nepal. ARI episode does not differmuch between developed and developing countries. Pneumonia is the commonest single cause that causesdeath in a child with respiratory infections in developing countries. Treating pneumonia is still confusing.This article re-visits the basic concept in the treatment of pneumonia.Key Words: Pneumonia, persistent, pneumonia, antibiotics, treatment.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years in Urban Slums

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balakrishna Kalakheti ◽  
Kiran Panthee ◽  
Kastur Chand Jain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The Family ◽  
Diarrhea Prevalence ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
Breast Fed

Introduction: Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality in children in developing countries and the condition is worse in slums. In order to provide effective preventive and management strategies, it is important to identify factors associated with the disease. This study was carried out to investigate the risk factors of diarrhea in  children under five years of age in urban slums.   Methods: Parents of all children under five years from the urban slums of Tansen municipality, Palpa, Nepal were interviewed using a standardized pretested questionnaire and proforma. Parental variables, environmental factors, and presence of diarrhea in those children in past three months were collected by trained enumerators and the data were analyzed with statistical software SPSS-10.   Results: A total of 450 under five years children were enrolled in the study. There were 216 (48%) male and 234 (52%) female children with F:M ratio of 1.08:1. Occurrence of diarrhea was lower if the children were breast-fed for more than six months, well-nourished, used fountain water for drinking, or used boiled or treated water. Similarly, diarrhea prevalence was lower if father had a regular job, daily income in the family was more than one US dollar, there was a toilet in the house, practice of hand washing was followed before feeding or preparing food, or there was no child suffering from diarrhea in the neighborhood.   Conclusion: There are a few variables that are significantly related to diarrhea in children under five years of age. In order to decrease the diarrheal episodes in children in the slums of the developing countries, priority could be given in the improvement of those variables.

scholarly journals Estimasi potensi kerugian ekonomi akibat wasting pada balita di indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Brigitte Sarah Renyoet ◽  
Hildagardis Meliyani Erista Nai
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Processing Data

Background: Wasting cases for children under five are currently increasing, the high risk of malnutrition continues to increase so that it has an effect on increasing the prevalence of nutritional problems which results in decreased productivity.Objectives: To estimate the economic potential lost due to wasting in children under five.Methods: Descriptive research, by processing data from various related agencies which are all in the form of secondary data. Calculate using the Konig (1995) formula and a correction factor from Horton's (1999) study. The research activities are carried out starting July 2018 until September 2018.Results: Nationally based on the prevalence of wasting in children under five in 2013 amounting to IDR 1.042 billion - IDR 4.687 billion or 0.01% - 0.06% of the total GDP of Indonesia.Conclusion: The prevalence of high wasting problems can increase the potential for economic losses and affect the economy of a country especially in developing countries and one of them is Indonesia.

scholarly journals Correction: Development and Internal Validation of a Predictive Model Including Pulse Oximetry for Hospitalization of Under-Five Children in Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0147560
Author(s):  
Shahreen Raihana ◽  
Dustin Dunsmuir ◽  
Tanvir Huda ◽  
Guohai Zhou ◽  
Qazi Sadeq-ur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Internal Validation ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN IBU DALAM MENGENALI DIARE PADA ANAK DAN CARA PENCEGAHAN DIARE DI POSYANDU KALI KEJAMBON KECAMATAN TEMBELANG KABUPATEN JOMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 07
Author(s):  
Mamik Ratnawati ◽  
Monika Sawitri Prihatini ◽  
Rini Hayu Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
Child Morbidity ◽  
The World ◽  
Service Activities

Abstrak: Penyakit    diare    masih    menjadi    masalah  global      dengan      derajat      kesakitan      dan  kematian    yang    tinggi    di    berbagai    negara terutama   di   negara   berkembang,   dan   juga sebagai   salah  satu penyebab  utama  tingginya  angka    kesakitan    dan    kematian    anak    di  dunia. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan edukasi kepada ibu balita agar mengerti dan paham tentang diare dan pencegahannya di posyandu Desa Kali Kejambon Kecamatan Tembelang kabupaten Jombang. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan Pemberdayaan Ibu Dalam Mengenali Diare Pada Anak Dan Cara Pencegahan Diare di Posyandu Kali Kejambon Kecamatan Tembelang Kabupaten Jombang berjalan dengan baik, sebanyak 50 orang ibu balita yang hadir dalam kegiatan ini dan terdapat 80% ibu balita paham dengan materi yang disampaikan oleh tim pelaksana pengabdian masyarakat serta terdapat umpan balik dengan memberikan pertanyaan kepada pelaksana kegiatan untuk pembahasan yang belum dimengerti. Bagi para ibu balita agar selalu waspada dengan kejadian diare pada balita karena diare merupakan bukan kasus yang bisa diremehkan dan bagi tenaga kesehatan agar selalu memberikan edukasi tentang penyakit-penyakit yang sering terjadi pada anak-anak agar tidak terjadi bahaya dan komplikasi.Abstract: Diarrhea is still a global problem with high degrees of illness and death in various countries, especially in developing countries, and also as one of the main causes of high child morbidity and mortality in the world. The purpose of this activity is to provide education to mothers of children under five to understand and understand diarrhea and its prevention at the Posyandu in Kali Kejambon Village, Tembelang District, Jombang Regency. Community service activities with the Empowerment of Mothers in Recognizing Diarrhea in Children and How to Prevent Diarrhea in the Kali Kejambon Posyandu in Tembelang District, Jombang Regency went well, as many as 50 under-five mothers attended this activity and 80% of toddlers understood the material delivered by the team implementing community service and providing feedback by giving questions to the implementers of activities for discussions that have not been understood. For mothers of toddlers to always be aware of the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers because diarrhea is not a case that can be underestimated and for health workers to always provide education about diseases that often occur in children so that there is no danger and complications.

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