Performance enhancing, immunomodulatory, anti-hyperlipidaemic, and antimicrobial properties of bael (Aegle marmelos) leaf powder in broiler chicken

2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Sharma ◽  
Nasir Akbar Mir ◽  
Avishek Biswas ◽  
Chandra Deo
Author(s):  
Samidha M Pawaskar ◽  
Sasangan Kc

Objective: In this study, the leaf powder of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa. was subjected to preliminary phytochemical and in vitro antioxidant analysis. Methods: The freshly prepared plant leaf extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and steroids. Reducing power, superoxide (SO) anion radical, nitric oxide (NO) radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays were carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the methanolic leaf extract of this plant. The amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were also determined. Results: This study has revealed that the A. marmelos (L.) Correa. leaf extract showed considerably high amounts of most of the phytochemicals, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. The study also indicated that the A. marmelos (L.) Correa. showed comparatively good scavenging activity, i.e., inhibition of hydroxyl radical, NO and SO anion scavenging and reducing power activities when compared with the respective standards. Conclusion: The leaf powder of A. marmelos (L.) Correa. can be used as easily accessible source of natural antioxidant and as a possible food supplement or in pharmaceutical industry.


Author(s):  
Jaishree Sharma ◽  
Padma Kumar

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of water, methanolic and pet ether extracts from leaves and fruit of A. marmelos and C. papaya. Methods: Crude extract of leaves and fruit of Aegle marmelos and Carica papaya were prepared for series of polar solvents by hot extraction method in soxhlet then the extracts were first screened for its antimicrobial activity by “Disc Diffusion Assay” against medically important bacteria, plant pathogen and fungi. Fractions showing activities were then used to determine MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC/MFC (minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentration) by broth dilution and total activity were also calculated.Result: Aegle marmelos shows comparatively significant antimicrobial activity than Carica papaya. However antimicrobial activity was found both solvent and organism dependent. Almost all the extracts of Aegle marmelos show an inhibitory effect against most of the test organism whereas the test extracts Carica papaya show an inhibitory effect against the very few test organisms. Lowest MIC values 0.0195 mg/ml were recorded against Roultella planticola and Klebsiella pneumonae indicate the significant antimicrobial potential of the test extracts. The high value of TA was recorded against Roultella planticola in both the plants. Data were analyzed by one way ANNOVA and values were considered significant at P<0.05Conclusion: The MIC and MBC/MFC values of Aegle marmelos showed its broad antimicrobial potential and is promising in the development of phytomedicine for antimicrobial properties then Carica papaya.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Vinita Gopalchandra Nigam ◽  
Vanisha S. Nambiar

<p>The <em>Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa</em> (Bael), is  indigenous to India and its leaves, bark, roots and fruit have  been used for over 5000 years in the Indian traditional system of medicine like the Ayurveda, Naturopathy  and in various folk medicine to treat various diseases including diabetes. This study was conducted to assess Knowledge, Practice and Use (KPU)of <em>Aegle Marmelos (L.) Correa</em> leaves among 20 Ayurvedic (AP) and Naturopathic practitioners (NP) in Vadodara city as well as desk reviews on various commercial formulations of <em>Aegle Marmelos (L.) Correa</em> (Bael) used in health and disease specially diabetes using internet</p><p>Desk reviews were done using Pub Med and other web sources along with personal visits to various libraries across Gujarat state. For KPU, Purposive selection of AP (n=10) and NP (n=10) was done using snow ball sampling technique from Vadodara city in the form of key informant interviews based on their oral consent to share data among.</p><p>Desk reviews revealed that <em>Aegle Marmelos (L.) Correa </em>leaves were being recognized as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes in both Ayurveda and Naturopathy. Many Ayurvedic formulations were available commercially as poly herbal formulations (PHF) rather than single drug in the market of various reputed brands which contained <em>Aegle Marmelos (L.) Correa </em>leaves in the form of various powder, tablets, capsules, etc.  Naturopathy did not contain any commercial brands of <em>Aegle Marmelos (L.) Correa </em> leaves as it believes in fresh doses of the plant.</p><p>KPU results revealed that AP used bael leaves for the treatment of diabetes and the dosage for the treatment ranged from 5-10g/day in various forms such as powder, decoction and dry extract in the form of capsules (1 capsule contains 0.5mg of extract which is equivalent to 5mg of leaf powder). NP<strong> </strong>also used<strong> </strong>bael<em> </em>leaves for the treatment of diabetes and the dosage ranged from 40-50 fresh leaves in the form of juice mixed with water to make a volume of around 100ml.</p><p>Bael<em> </em>leaves were reported to be used by these practitioners as anti-diabetic agent. This information extracted warrants further clinical trials to prove the efficacy of the anti-diabetic properties of these leaves.</p>


Author(s):  
A. Aneesh ◽  
A. J. George ◽  
B. Dhanush Krishna ◽  
M. J. Abraham ◽  
B. J. Kariyil

Background: Aflatoxins (AF) are a major threat in tropical and sub-tropical countries and causes aflatoxicosis in poultry. The deleterious effect of AF are minimised by the addition of various hepatoprotectants. Study was undertaken to find out the effect of Aegle marmelos and Andrographis paniculata on aflatoxicosis of broiler chicken. Methods: Forty eight day old broiler chicks were divided into eight groups and fed with diets: standard feed (T1), T1 with 100 ppb AF (T2), T1 with 0.1 per cent A. marmelos powder and 0.1 per cent A. paniculata powder (T3), T1 with 100ppb AF and 0.10 per cent A. marmelos powder (T4), T1 with 100ppb AF and 0.10 per cent A. paniculata powder (T5), T1 with 100 ppb AF and 0.20 per cent A. marmelos powder (T6), T1 with 100ppb AF and 0.20 per cent A. paniculata powder (T7) and T1 containing 100 ppb AF, 0.1 per cent A. marmelos powder and 0.1 per cent A. paniculata powder (T8). All the experimental birds were sacrificed on 21st day of the experiment. Result: Broiler chicks of T2 group showed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation levels compared with other groups at 21st day of experiment. Liver of T2 group of birds revealed the presence of cytoplasmic vacuolations, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, focal accumulation of mononuclear cells and acinar pattern of parenchyma compared to normal histological appearance of T1 and T3 groups. Kidney of T2 birds revealed epithelial degeneration, mononuclear accumulation, desquamation of proximal convoluted tubule and vacuolation of distal convoluted tubule. The hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effect of both plant powders in aflatoxicosis was established.


Author(s):  
Adiba Benahmed Djilali ◽  
Abdelouahab Benseddik ◽  
Halima Boughellout ◽  
Karim Allaf ◽  
Mohamed Nabiev

Aims: The main objective of the present research work was to evaluate the (phytochemical, biochemical, and antimicrobial) properties of Muscat of Alexandria leaf powder and develop new functional dairy product using the mixture lactic bacteria and vine leaf powder as prebiotic for health applications (gastric and cardiac problems, etc.). Material and Methods: Various nutritional parameters of the vine leaf powder namely: pH, acidity, water content, ashes, salts, fatty acids) were determined. Also, their bioactive substances (TPC, total flavonoids content, tannin content, soluble-water polysaccharides) were extracted and quantified using referenced methods. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity of these substances was carried out by disc method. Vine leaf powder and aqueous extract were used to improve acidification kinetic. Also, functional yogurt using the mixture (lactic bacteria and vine leaf powder as prebiotic) was prepared. Results: The main results demonstrate that, the vine leaf powder contains high-value components such as salts with a high k/Na ratio, fatty acids (palmitic, linolenic and oleic) and bioactives (polyphenols, tannins and polysaccharides). The antimicrobial activity of these bioactive metabolites varies depending on the resistance of the strains tested. On the other hand, vine leaf TPC and polysaccharides act as an antifungal against (C. albicans and A. niger) and increase the acidification rate and consequently the growth and activity of the lactic bacteria in the yogurt, which suggests a probable prebiotic effect. Conclusions: Through this study, we have demonstrated the high content of vine leaves in several bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and polysaccharides. These compounds display an interesting antimicrobial activity and an extensive effect on the activity of lactic bacteria, which suggests a prebiotic effect. Keywords: Bioactive substances, antimicrobial activity, prebiotic, vine leaves.


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