The Participation of Civil Society Organizations in Public Policies in Latin America

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Hernández Baqueiro
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Civil Society Organizations

scholarly journals A Ação Coletiva Transnacional e os Elementos que Contribuem para sua Sustentabilidade: o caso da MESA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Moises Villamil Balestro ◽  
Marcelle Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
National Organizations ◽  
Transnational Actors ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
America Latina

O artigo contribui para entender melhor a dinâmica dos atores transnacionais, articulada com os contextos nacionais, lançando olhar sobre as diferenças nos casos brasileiro e argentino. O trabalho se insere em um contexto maior de transformações do capitalismo na América Latina e seus processos econômicos que têm impacto nos processos sociais. A América Latina não representa uma realidade única, homogênea e monocromática. Com base no diálogo entre teorias da sociologia e da ciência política com a teoria organizacional, o artigo apresenta categorias analíticas que contribuem para entender a sustentabilidade da articulação transnacional. Três elementos chaves para essa reprodução social da ação coletiva foram a identidade das organizações nacionais, a coordenação entre elas e a retroalimentação do campo estratégico de ação. A sustentabilidade da ação coletiva é entendida a partir da dinâmica dos atores nacionais, as organizações da sociedade civil (OSCs) do Brasil e da Argentina dentro da articulação transnacional. O cenário atual de crise econômica e de crise democrática na região, com a intensificação do neoliberalismo e a erosão dos espaços de participação cidadã no MERCOSUL permitirão testar o grau de resiliência da ação coletiva transnacional nos próximos anos.Palavras-chave: Ação coletiva transnacional; sociedade civil organizada; América Latina; reprodução socialThe Transnational Collective Action and the Elements Contributing to its Sustainability: the case of MESAAbstractThe article contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of transnational actors embedded in the national contexts. The article scrutinizes the differences between the cases of Brazil and Argentina. The transnational actors are part of a larger context of transformations of capitalism in Latin America. Latin America does not represent a single, homogeneous and monochromatic reality. Based on the dialogue between theories of sociology and political science with organizational theory, the article puts forward analytical categories that contribute to understanding the sustainability of the transnational articulation. Three key elements for this social reproduction of collective action were the identity of the national organizations, the coordination among them and the strategic field of action. The sustainability of collective action is understood from the dynamics of national actors, civil society organizations (CSOs) in Brazil and Argentina within the transnational articulation. The current scenario of economic crisis and democratic crisis in the region, with the deepening of neoliberalism and the erosion of the arenas for citizen participation in MERCOSUR will be able to test the degree of resilience of transnational collective action in the coming years.Keywords: transnational collective action; organised civil society; Latin America; social reproductionLa Acción Colectiva Transnacional y los Elementos que Contribuyen a su Sostenibilidad: el caso de la MESAResumen El artículo contribuye a un mejor entendimiento de la dinámica de los actores transnacionales integrados en los contextos nacionales. El trabajo analiza las diferencias entre los casos de Brasil y Argentina. Los actores transnacionales son parte de un contexto más amplio de transformaciones del capitalismo en América Latina. Los países de América Latina no representan una realidad única, homogénea y monocromática. Basado en el diálogo entre las teorías de la sociología y la ciencia política con la teoría de la organización, el artículo presenta categorías analíticas que contribuyen para entender la sostenibilidad de la articulación transnacional. Tres elementos clave para esta reproducción social de la acción colectiva fueron la identidad de las organizaciones nacionales, la coordinación entre ellas y el campo de acción estratégico. La sostenibilidad de la acción colectiva se entiende a partir de la dinámica de los actores nacionales, las organizaciones de la sociedad civil (OSC) en Brasil y Argentina dentro de la articulación transnacional. El escenario actual de crisis económica y crisis democrática en la región, con la profundización del neoliberalismo y la erosión de los espacios de participación ciudadana en el MERCOSUR, pondrá a prueba el grado de resiliencia de la acción colectiva transnacional en los próximos años.Palabras clave: acción colectiva transnacional; sociedad civil organizada; América Latina; reproducción social

Can Civil Society Organizations Solve the Crisis of Partisan Representation in Latin America?

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Hochstetler ◽  
Elisabeth Jay Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Recent Representation

AbstractThis article takes up the question of whether civil society organizations (CSOs) can and do act as mechanisms of representation in times of party crisis. It looks at recent representation practices in Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil, three countries where political parties have experienced sharp crises after several decades of mixed reviews for their party systems. At such moments, any replacement of parties by CSOs should be especially apparent. This study concludes that the degree of crisis determines the extent that CSOs' representative functions replace partisan representation, at least in the short term. Where systems show signs of re-equilibration, CSOs offer alternative mechanisms through which citizens can influence political outcomes without seeking to replace parties. Where crisis is profound, CSOs claim some of the basic party functions but do not necessarily solve the problems of partisan representation.

scholarly journals The Governing Left in Uruguay (2005–2015): A Participatory Democratic Experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Bentancur ◽  
José Miguel Busquets
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
Leftist Party

An account of the first 10 years of government of a leftist party in Uruguay—the Frente Amplio—focusing on a mode of designing public policies that prioritized participation by civil society organizations suggests that this strategy distinguishes it from the preceding traditional party administrations and challenges the “liberal-democratic” label assigned to it by some of the high-profile specialized literature. Este análisis de los primeros diez años de gobierno de un partido de izquierda—el Frente Amplio—en Uruguay, hace foco en una modalidad de construcción de las políticas públicas que incorporó de manera jerarquizada la participación de la sociedad civil. Se argumenta que representa una estrategia alternativa a la desarrollada por los gobiernos de centro-derecha que le precedieron, que no encaja bien en la categoría “liberal democrática” en la que la sitúa parte de la literatura especializada.

scholarly journals CENÁRIOS FUTUROS COMO FERRAMENTA PARA A ORGANIZAÇÃO DA SOCIEDADE CIVIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina d'Avilla Oliveira ◽  
Karine De Mello Freire
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Operating Strategy ◽  
Strategic Design ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Technology Tool ◽  
Object Of Study

Este artigo descreve o modelo de “Cenários Transformadores” pela perspectiva do design estratégico. Objetiva entender a contribuição da ferramenta para a estratégia de atuação da sociedade civil na proposição de políticas públicas. Para tanto, o trabalho investiga a capacidade dos representantes das organizações da sociedade civil em absorver as práticas dos cenários e utilizar da tecnologia dessa ferramenta para o avanço na condução de suas estratégias. Apresenta o exercício do “Cenários Sociedade Civil 2023”, ocorrido no Brasil entre 202 e 2013, que serviu de objeto de estudo para a análise das possibilidades de conceber uma solução própria às organizações da sociedade civil que atuam no contexto das políticas públicas.ABSTRACT This article describes the "Transformers Scenarios " model for the strategic design perspective. Aims to understand the tool's contribution to civil society operating strategy in proposing public policies. Thus, the study investigates the ability of representatives of civil society organizations to absorb the practices of scenarios and make use of this technology  tool for advancing in the conduct of their strategies. It presents the exercise of "Scenarios Civil Society 2023", held in Brazil between 2012 and 2013, which was the object of study to analyze the possibilities of conceiving their own solution to civil society organizations working in the context of public policy. 

Framework for Monitoring HIV/STI Services for Key Populations in Latin America and the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Combination Prevention ◽  
Hiv Care Cascade ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Impact

In Latin America and the Caribbean, between 50% and 65% of new HIV infections occur in key populations or their clients or sexual partners. Improving the availability and coverage of HIV/STI services for these populations requires the support of monitoring systems that are sustainable and adapt to the needs of the countries of the region. To respond to this need, the Pan American Health Organization, through an agreement with the Global Fund, has developed the Framework for Monitoring HIV/STI Services for Key Populations in Latin America and the Caribbean. It introduces a novel system in which the impact of HIV services on key populations is determined, not only by how HIV-positive people maintain an undetectable viral load but also by how HIV-negative people remain HIV-free. This document lists the essential HIV/STI services that, based on a combination prevention approach, should be offered to people from key populations. The monitoring framework establishes one or more indicators for each of the essential services together with the methodology for their measure. Likewise, a new HIV prevention cascade is introduced, which adds to the existing HIV care cascade. Countries are encouraged to disaggregate by key population group the HIV prevention and care cascades as well as the indicators. Finally, it is urgent to show the contribution of civil society organizations to the response to HIV infection and STIs to ensure their sustainability once external donors leave the region. To this end, the framework encourages breaking down the prevention and care cascades information by the service provider, to identify the contribution of health ministries, civil society organizations, and other actors. 

scholarly journals Organized Civil Society Under Authoritarian Populism: Cases from Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Appe ◽  
Daniel Barragán ◽  
Fabian Telch
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Authoritarian Populism ◽  
Organizational Configurations ◽  
Interpretive Approach ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis article examines how civil society organizations (CSOs) in Latin America cope with authoritarian populism. In particular, it outlines cases of coping and adaptive strategies by CSOs in Ecuador during the years of President Rafael Correa’s presidency (2007–2017). Ecuador provides an example of an authoritarian, leftist populist administration; thus situating our discussion in the general civil society-government relations literature, we link together trends of authoritarianism and populism and its implications on CSOs. Using a qualitative-interpretive approach with long-term fieldwork in Ecuador, we outline a selection of coping strategies used by organized civil society that include formal, semi-formal and informal organizational configurations.

scholarly journals The political economy of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Latin America: lessons from Mexico, Chile and Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Carriedo ◽  
Adam D. Koon ◽  
Luis Manuel Encarnación ◽  
Kelley Lee ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Background In Latin America, total sales of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) continue to rise at an alarming rate. Consumption of added sugar is a leading cause of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Coalitions of stakeholders have formed in several countries in the region to address this public health challenge including participation of civil society organizations and transnational corporations. Little is currently known about these coalitions – what interests they represent, what goals they pursue and how they operate. Ensuring the primacy of public health goals is a particular governance challenge. This paper comparatively analyses governance challenges involved in the adoption of taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages in Mexico, Chile and Colombia. The three countries have similar political and economic systems, institutional arrangements and regulatory instruments but differing policy outcomes. Methods We analysed the political economy of SSB taxation based on a qualitative synthesis of existing empirical evidence. We identify the key stakeholders involved in the policy process, identified their interests, and assess how they influenced adoption and implementation of the tax. Results Coalitions for and against the SSB taxation formed the basis of policy debates in all three countries. Intergovernmental support was critical to framing the SSB tax aims, benefits and implementation; and for countries to adopt it. A major constraint to implementation was the strong influence of transnational corporations (TNCs) in the policy process. A lack of transparency during agenda setting was notably enhanced by the powerful presence of TNCs. Conclusion NCDs prevention policies need to be supported across government, alongside grassroots organizations, policy champions and civil society groups to enhance their success. However, governance arrangements involving coalitions between public and private sector actors need to recognize power asymmetries among different actors and mitigate their potentially negative consequences. Such arrangements should include clear mechanisms to ensure transparency and accountability of all partners, and prevent undue influence by industry interests associated with unhealthy products.

Public policies and programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in Latinamerican women: a Scoping Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Martín Ramos Herrera Sr ◽  
María Guadalupe Lemus Flores ◽  
Antonio Reyna Sevilla Sr ◽  
Miguel Ernesto González Castañeda ◽  
Fernando Adolfo Torres Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND Breast Cancer has positioned itself globally as one of the main public health problems, especially in Latin America and Mexico. In some countries there, several programs for prevention and control are being developed and implemented on a permanent basis, but there is no public report on the policies that originated the programs, their number, type and scope, as well as their impact to address the problem of breast cancer in women. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this scoping review were: 1) identifying which policies and/or programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in Latin America have been analyzed in the last 20 years, 2) analyzing their type, extension and scope, and 3) describing the reference frameworks on which these policies and/or prevention and control programs of the breast cancer based on. METHODS A scoping review was carried out according to Arksey & O’Malley’s method in six stages: 1) identify research questions, 2) identify relevant studies, 3) study selection, 4) data representation, 5) classification, synthesis and reporting of results, and 6) consultation exercise (optional). The questions that guided this review were: which breast cancer prevention and control policies in Latin America have been analyzed in the international scientific literature?, what is the type, extension and scope of the policies and/or programs in accordance with those reports?, and what is the existing reference framework for policies and/or programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in women at the national and international level? The search period was 2000-2019 and was carried out in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), MEDLINE (EbscoHost), CINAHL (EbscoHost), Academic Search Complete (EbscoHost), ERIC, ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index) in english, Cochrane and MEDES-MEDicina in Spanish. Data was analyzed and presented through descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis using the ATLAS.ti software. RESULTS The selected studies identify several Latin American countries that have generated policies/programs to prevent and control breast cancer in women, focused mainly on risk communication, prevention and timely detection, effective access to health services, improving the screening process and evaluation of screening programs. However, it is necessary to establish evaluation criteria and greater active participation of civil society in policies design and programs execution with the inclusion of the population to whom they are directed and the contexts where women reside. This could undoubtedly help eliminate existing barriers. CONCLUSIONS Although there are public policies and action programs for the prevention and control of breast cancer in Latin America, a pending issue is the evaluation of results to analyze the effectiveness and impact of its implementation, given the magnitude of the public health problem it represents and because women and civil society have an important role on its prevention and control. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.2196/12624

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