scholarly journals The Influence of Gender Equality on Volunteering Among European Senior Citizens

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Sánchez-García ◽  
Ana Isabel Gil-Lacruz ◽  
Marta Gil-Lacruz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Empirical Estimation ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThis research analyzes how gender equality influences the participation of European senior citizens in a range of volunteering activities (Social Awareness, Professional and Political, Education, and Religion). The main contribution is the simultaneous consideration of different levels of data aggregation: individual, national and welfare system. This allows conclusions to be drawn on the effects of variables linked to sociodemographic characteristics, gender equality and welfare systems. The empirical estimation utilised microdata from the World Values Survey (2005/09 and 2010/14) and the United Nations Development Programme. Results suggest that the European senior citizens appear to believe that they are more equal than the official statistics of their countries indicate. Men are more likely to participate in professional and education activities; women are more likely to be involved in religious organisations. Welfare systems influence volunteering behaviours. The promotion of macro-policies for gender equality could be important for increasing participation in non-profit organisations.

Internalisasi nilai-nilai transendensi untuk meningkatkan resilensi pasca tsunami di Aceh: Studi literatur melalui peran keluarga

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghozali Rusyid Affandi
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Nations Development

Sepuluh tahun bencana tsunami di Aceh telah berlalu, tentunya banyak bantuan dari dalam dan luar negeri untuk perbaikan infrastruktur yang rusak akibat diterjang tsunami yang telah menewaskan lebih dari 100.000 orang dan total kerusakan diperkirakan mencapai lebih dari 4 juta dolar AS (United Nations Development programme Indonesia, 2007). Namun dampak secara psikologis seperti trauma, depresi karena kehilangan keluarga serta cacat fisik yang dialami tidak begitu saja hilang dari penyintas. Agar seseorang penyintas tsunami Aceh dapat berfungsi kembali dalam kehidup-annya setelah malapetaka yang menimpanya, dibutuhkan kemampuannya untuk bertahan, bangkit, dan menyesuaikan dengan kondisi sulit yang disebut dengan resiliensi. Ada banyak faktor protektif yang digunakan untuk menstimulasi, meningkatkan serta mempertahankan resiliensi para penyintas. Bisa jadi satu faktor protektif dapat secara efektif meningkatkan resiliensi di budaya tertentu, tetapi kurang efektif di budaya yang lain sebab ada batasan-batan budaya (culture bound) yang mempengaruhi pemaknaan konsep psikologi. Budaya Aceh yang berkenaan dengan kemampuan resiliensi penyintas tsunami adalah nilai-nilai Islami serta penerimaan terhadap kehendak Tuhan, yang berkaitan erat de-ngan konsep spiritualitas. Hasil beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa faktor protektif yang berupa spiritualitas dapat meningkatkan resilensi seseorang. Oleh sebab itu, guna mempertahankan serta meningkatkan resiliensi, maka faktor protektif spiritualitas berlandaskan nilai-nilai Islami yang sesuai dengan budaya masyarakat Aceh perlu diinternalisasikan melalui keluarga dan sekolah. Penginternali-sasian spiritualitas tidak hanya berkenaan dengan pelaksanaan ritual Ibadah, akan tetapi lebih pada penguatan nilai-nilai transendensi.Kata kunci: resiliensi, transendensi, keluarga, budaya

Constitutional Analysis: A Proclamation of Children's Right to Protection, Provision, and Participation

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Tisdale Driskill ◽  
Paige LeForce DeFalco ◽  
Jill Holbert Lang ◽  
Janette Habashi
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Developmental Index ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Constitutional Analysis

AbstractThe study of children's images as delineated in constitutional documents highlights the historical transitions that have occurred within and among countries, as manifested in the Convention of the Rights of the Child. As such, content analysis was administered to examine constitutional and amendment documents of 179 nation-states listed and recognized by the United Nations Development Programme in the Human Developmental Index. This analysis produced quantitative and qualitative data in which it described the ranking of each country and it's postulation toward children's protection, provision and participation as outlined by CRC. The findings provide greater understanding of the nation-state posture towards children as active rights bearers.

Infrastructures for Peace as a Path to Resilient Societies: An Institutional Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Ryan
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Reflective Essay

To prevent conflict and move away from fragility towards resilient societies, states increasingly adopt systematic efforts and institutionalised mechanisms to build the necessary capacities to manage conflict and promote peace. One such approach, ‘infrastructures for peace’, offers an inclusive and respectful response. This reflective essay describes the central features of infrastructures for peace and examines how they strengthen resilience within societies. It provides examples of such structures that are being supported by the United Nations Development Programme and its national partners, and examines how they have contributed to national governance and transformed conflict situations.

scholarly journals An Urban Revolution Through Age Friendly Cities? The Case Of Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Joy
Keyword(s):  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Public Provision ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Policy Program ◽  
The City

This dissertation examines the claim that Age Friendly Cities (AFCs) represents an effective and revolutionary policy approach to population aging. The AFC approach is a placebased policy program intended to enhance the ‘fit’ between senior citizens and their environment. Mainstream accounts of AFCs claim that the program represents a paradigmatic shift in the way we think about aging, to move away from an individual health deficit approach to one that seeks to improve local environments by empowering seniors and local policy actors. However, initial critical literature notes that while AFCs may offer the potential to expand social and physical infrastructure investments to accommodate diverse population needs, they are being popularized in a conjuncture where the public sector is being restructured through narrow projects of neoliberalism that call for limiting public redistribution. This literature calls for further empirical studies to better understand the gap between AFC claims and practice. I heed this call through a qualitative case study of AFCs in the City of Toronto; a particularly relevant case because the recent Toronto Seniors Strategy has been critiqued for being more symbolic than substantive. My research represents a critical policy study as I understand AFCs not as a technical policy tool but as a political object attractive to conflicting progressive and neoliberal projects that use rhetorical and practical strategies to ensure their actualization. My approach is normative as I seek to provide insight for a transformative ‘right to the city’ for senior citizens through the AFC approach. I use literature on citizenship to understand the multiplicity of political projects that seek to expand or narrow the relations between people, environments and institutions through the AFC program. This understanding is based on the meanings 82 different policy actors from local government, the non-profit sector, academia, and other levels of government make of their everyday work in creating age-friendly environments. The broad question I ask is: How do local policy actors understand the rhetoric and practice of AFCs in Toronto and how do these understandings illustrate particular expansive and narrow political projects that affect the development of a right to the city for senior citizens through this policy program? I begin with an initial Case Chapter that scopes age friendly policy work in Toronto from a ‘seeing like a city’ perspective that identifies the complex multi-scalar and multi-actor nature of this policy domain. The Recognizing Seniors and Role of Place Chapters then examine AFCs rhetorically with respect to how local policy actors understand the ‘person’ and the ‘environment’. The Rescaling Redistribution and Restructuring Governance Chapters explore the practice of AFCs, including how local policy actors understand their capacities to design and deliver age-friendly services and amenities and the institutional mechanisms at their disposal to action AFCs. My findings challenge the claim that the AFC policy approach is effective, let alone revolutionary. I learn from policy actors that narrow projects of restructuring work to assemble seemingly progressive rhetoric and practice around active aging and localism to reduce universal public provision, expand the role of private citizens and their families to provide care, and use local policy actors as residual providers of last resort. My research documents how more expansive understandings of senior citizens as rights bearers and the role of the public and non-profit sector to recognize and redistribute on this basis are also in operation. Understanding these political projects more deeply through the AFC policy program helps me to offer policy insight as to what is needed both rhetorically and practically to craft a more effective and revolutionary alternative AFC model based on a right to the city for senior citizens.

scholarly journals Demokratický deficit v islámských zemích

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Vítová ◽  
Jaromír Harmáček
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Democratic Deficit ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Nations Development

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) identified in 2002 three fundamental areas of human development in which the Arab world lags behind the rest of the world. One of those specified areas was the lack of freedom and democracy. To investigate the presence of the democratic deficit, the study introduces a composite democracy index that measures and compares countries’ performances in the democratic domains. This paper aims to define and describe the democratic deficit in the context of the Islamic world, verify its existence in the Arab world, and determine its possible presence in other Muslim countries in various world regions. The study results showed that although the deficit was formulated almost twenty years ago, it is still relevant. It has been observed that Muslim countries performed, on average, worse on the index score than non-Muslim countries, which means that the Islamic countries face the democratic deficit. Moreover, the results showed that the performance of the Arab world in the democratic index is even worse than that of the other Muslim countries. The analysis additionally confirmed that the economic factor is important in verification of the deficit and its depth. On the level of individual countries, poor Muslim states often achieved the worst results, usually from the group of the least developed countries, such as Yemen, Somalia, Sudan, or Eritrea.

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