Effect of Build Height on Temperature Evolution and Thermally Induced Residual Stresses in Plasma Arc Additively Manufactured Stainless Steel

Author(s):  
Peijun Hou ◽  
Shahryar Mooraj ◽  
Victor K. Champagne ◽  
Matthew J. Siopis ◽  
Peter K. Liaw ◽  
...  
1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nair ◽  
E. Pang ◽  
R. C. Dix

A numerical scheme for the determination of thermally induced local residual stresses and their relaxation behavior during heat treatment in the case of butt-welded pipes is described. The procedure is illustrated by considering 304 stainless steel and SAE 1020 steel pipes. The results are compared with available experimental and numerical results.


Author(s):  
Johan J. Klopper ◽  
Rudolph F. Laubscher

The presence of longitudinal residual stresses within built-up sections may have a marked effect on their structural behaviour when used as a column [1]. EN 1.4003, also known as 3CR12, is a weldable utility stainless steel developed to provide a superior alternative to coated carbon steels and other alloys which have poor corrosion/abrasion resistance [2]. It is also an economical substitute for conventional stainless steel where environmental conditions do not justify higher alloy content. Hot-rolled structural sections are not readily available in stainless steel and are therefore usually build up by arc and lately laser welding. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the effects of thermally induced residual stresses on the structural behaviour of fabricated EN 1.4003 T-sections. Manual metal arc (MMA) welding and Laser welding are compared as regards to the induced residual stress distribution during fabrication. The residual stresses were measured using the neutron diffraction method. The effect of these measured residual stresses is investigated by incorporation into a non-linear finite element analysis. The buckling strength of a limited number of full scale columns was measured. Conclusions as regards to their effect on the structural integrity of the sections under investigation are made.


1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nair ◽  
E. Pang ◽  
R. C. Dix

A numerical scheme for the determination of thermally induced local residual stresses and their relaxation behavior during heat treatment in the case of butt-welded pipes is described. The procedure is illustrated by considering 304 stainless steel and SAE 1020 steel pipes. The results are compared with available experimental and numerical results.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (12A) ◽  
pp. 1862-1870
Author(s):  
Safa M. Lafta ◽  
Maan A. Tawfiq

RS (residual stresses) represent the main role in the performance of structures and machined parts. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of feed rate with constant cutting speed and depth of cut on residual stresses in orthogonal cutting, using Tungsten carbide cutting tools when machining AISI 316 in turning operation. AISI 316 stainless steel was selected in experiments since it is used in many important industries such as chemical, petrochemical industries, power generation, electrical engineering, food and beverage industry. Four feed rates were selected (0.228, 0.16, 0.08 and 0.065) mm/rev when cutting speed is constant 71 mm/min and depth of cutting 2 mm. The experimental results of residual stresses were (-15.75, 12.84, 64.9, 37.74) MPa and the numerical results of residual stresses were (-15, 12, 59, and 37) MPa. The best value of residual stresses is (-15.75 and -15) MPa when it is in a compressive way. The results showed that the percentage error between numerical by using (ABAQUS/ CAE ver. 2017) and experimental work measured by X-ray diffraction is range (2-15) %.


Author(s):  
Ying Hong ◽  
Xuesheng Wang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Yong Han

Stainless steel 304 L tubes are commonly used in the fabrication of heat exchangers for nuclear power stations. The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of 304 L tubes in hydraulically expanded tube-to-tubesheet joints is the main reason for the failure of heat exchangers. In this study, 304 L hydraulically expanded joint specimens were prepared and the residual stresses of a tube were evaluated with both an experimental method and the finite element method (FEM). The residual stresses in the outer and inner surfaces of the tube were measured by strain gauges. The expanding and unloading processes of the tube-to-tubesheet joints were simulated by the FEM. Furthermore, an SCC test was carried out to verify the results of the experimental measurement and the FEM. There was good agreement between the FEM and the experimental results. The distribution of the residual stress of the tube in the expanded joint was revealed by the FEM. The effects of the expansion pressure, initial tube-to-hole clearance, and yield strength of the tube on the residual stress in the transition zone that lay between the expanded and unexpanded region of the tube were investigated. The results showed that the residual stress of the expanded joint reached the maximum value when the initial clearance was eliminated. The residual stress level decreased with the decrease of the initial tube-to-hole clearance and yield strength. Finally, an effective method that would reduce the residual stress without losing tightness was proposed.


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