Synergistic Effect of Distillers’ Grains and Petroleum Coke as Reducing Agent on the Carbothermic Reduction of Silica

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effect of combined use of granular graphite and petroleum coke on the properties of copper-based friction materials and the friction and wear mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach Copper-based friction materials with different proportions of petroleum coke and granular graphite were prepared by using powder metallurgy. The friction surfaces were analyzed. Findings Changing the ratio of petroleum coke/granular graphite affects the formation of oxides and sulfides on the surface of the materials. Increasing the petroleum coke promotes the production of metal sulfide and sulfate in the friction materials and reduces coefficient of friction (COF) and wear. Increasing petroleum coke also increases the amount of carbonic oxide (CO) released during the braking process and promotes the reduction process of iron oxide on the friction surface. Originality/value The synergistic effect of carbon materials on copper-based friction materials was studied in terms of the tribological chemical reaction. This research provides useful information for the selection of carbon materials in friction materials. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-02-2020-0075/

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Synergistic effect on co-gasification of chicken manure and petroleum coke: An investigation of sustainable waste management

Chemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.cej.2020.128008 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 128008

Author(s):

Ming Liu ◽

Fanghua Li ◽

Haifeng Liu ◽

Chi-Hwa Wang

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Waste Management ◽

Petroleum Coke ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Sustainable Waste Management

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Production of Ferrosilicoaluminium from Aluminum Slag and Local Ore Via Carbothermic Reduction

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.835.75 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 835 ◽

pp. 75-82

Author(s):

Azza Ahmed ◽

Hoda El-Faramawy ◽

Saeed Ghali ◽

Michel L. Mishreky

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Carbothermic Reduction ◽

Reducing Agent ◽

Arc Furnace ◽

Complex Alloy ◽

Mill Scale ◽

Aluminum Dross ◽

Submerged Arc Furnace ◽

Submerged Arc

This paper deals with the possibility of obtaining FeSiAl complex alloy by carbothermic reduction in a submerged arc furnace using aluminum dross, mill scale and feldspar.Bench scale experiments are carried out to clarify the effect of different variants such as reducing agent, basicity, and mill scale content of the charge on the metallic yield and chemical composition of the produced alloy.It was possible to get FeSiAl alloy containing 22% Si and 18% Al. the results reveal that to obtain such alloy less than 20% mill scale must be involved in the charge and the coke with amount 1 stoichiometric must be used.

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A synergistic effect of a cobalt Schiff base complex and TiO2 nanoparticles on aerobic olefin epoxidation

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra16167g ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (82) ◽

pp. 79085-79089 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Maasoumeh Jafarpour ◽

Hossein Kargar ◽

Abdolreza Rezaeifard

Keyword(s):

Photocatalytic Activity ◽

Schiff Base ◽

Synergistic Effect ◽

Visible Light ◽

Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽

Aerobic Oxidation ◽

Schiff Base Complex ◽

Reducing Agent ◽

Base Complex ◽

Visible Light Photocatalytic

A cobalt Schiff base complex and TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited a synergistic effect on the visible-light photocatalytic activity in the aerobic oxidation of various olefins in the absence of reducing agent.

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Carbon in Solidphase Reduction of Oxides

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.578 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 870 ◽

pp. 578-583

Author(s):

A.V. Senin

Keyword(s):

Active Carbon ◽

Carbothermic Reduction ◽

Reducing Agent ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Surface Porosity ◽

Reduction Model ◽

Chromite Ore ◽

Reducing Conditions ◽

Grain Surface ◽

Reduction Of Oxides

The gasphase-solidphase model is used to explain the results of solid chromite ore carbothermic reduction. The reducing agent is carbon atoms. Carbon is brought to the surface of chromite grains by gaseous carbon-containing molecules and radicals, such as C3O2, CH4, CH3, CH2, CH, C2H2 and other carbon containing particles. Gas particles penetrate a piece of ore through the pores and cracks. Active carbon atoms C are formed by the dissociation of gaseous particles. Reduction by carbon is carried out on the chromite grain surface due to the cations and anions diffusion in the oxide lattice towards the grain surface. Porosity of chromite ores is experimentally defined under reducing conditions; it is estimated at up to 20 – 25 vol.%. Up to 1/4 of porosity is accounted for macropores and macrocracks that have the radius of over 50 microns, the remaining porosity share is accounted for the pore dimensions that are estimated at 0.5 – 50 microns in radius. The carbon presence in the pores of partially reduced ores is deduced based on experiment. There is also carbon in the reduced metal that is situated deep in the lump ore. The experimental results agree with the gasphase-solidphase reduction model.

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