scholarly journals Living with floating vegetation invasions

AMBIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Kleinschroth ◽  
R. Scott Winton ◽  
Elisa Calamita ◽  
Fabian Niggemann ◽  
Martina Botter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Urban Land Cover ◽  
Plant Coverage ◽  
Floating Vegetation ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Water Hyacinths ◽  
Floating Plant

AbstractInvasions of water bodies by floating vegetation, including water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), are a huge global problem for fisheries, hydropower generation, and transportation. We analyzed floating plant coverage on 20 reservoirs across the world’s tropics and subtropics, using > 30 year time-series of LANDSAT remote-sensing imagery. Despite decades of costly weed control, floating invasion severity is increasing. Floating plant coverage correlates with expanding urban land cover in catchments, implicating urban nutrient sources as plausible drivers. Floating vegetation invasions have undeniable societal costs, but also provide benefits. Water hyacinths efficiently absorb nutrients from eutrophic waters, mitigating nutrient pollution problems. When washed up on shores, plants may become compost, increasing soil fertility. The biomass is increasingly used as a renewable biofuel. We propose a more nuanced perspective on these invasions moving away from futile eradication attempts towards an ecosystem management strategy that minimizes negative impacts while integrating potential social and environmental benefits.

Study of The Pharmacological Activity and Heavy Metal Content of Eichhornia Crassipes Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Jimmy ◽  
Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽  
Paulus Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Negative Impacts

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.

Uptake, Distribution, and Transformation of CuO NPs in a Floating Plant Eichhornia crassipes and Related Stomatal Responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (13) ◽  
pp. 7686-7695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Wenting Ren ◽  
Yanhui Dai ◽  
Lijiao Liu ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Stomatal Responses ◽  
Floating Plant

The Perceived Impacts of Sport Tourism: An Urban Host Community Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Hritz ◽  
Craig Ross
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Social Environmental

Sport tourism is one of the fastest growing market segments in the tourism industry and is receiving increased attention for its social, environmental, and economic impacts upon destinations. Prior research in tourism impacts has tended to focus exclusively on tourism as a whole and does not differentiate among the different types of tourism that may be present in a destination. The purpose of this study was to examine how residents of Indianapolis, Indiana perceived the impacts sport tourism has upon their city. A total of 347 surveys were returned in a mailed questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a four factor structure of social benefits, environmental benefits, economic benefits, and general negative impacts. Social and economic benefits were strong predictors for support for further sport tourism development revealing a strong identification with the advantages of sport tourism in their city such as an increased cultural identity and social interaction opportunities.

Residents’ attitudes toward tourism development at Al-Juhfa, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmad Algassim ◽  
Akhmad Saufi ◽  
Diswandi Diswandi ◽  
Noel Scott
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Residents Attitudes

Purpose Al-Juhfa is a small village located near Rabigh City, between Makkah and Madinah, Saudi Arabia, with significant archaeological and religious resources. The purpose of this paper is to examine residents’ attitudes toward tourism development at Al-Juhfa. Design/methodology/approach The qualitative study uses purposive interviewing to recruit informants. Data was collected using semi-structured interview and open-ended questions. Eight semi-structured interviews were made and a list of open-ended questions was distributed to 134 informants. All data were analysed and no new codes were found after the answer of the first 49 informants analysed. Findings The results show that residents’ attitudes toward tourism development in general were positive with residents expecting to receive economic, social and environmental benefits. Residents were aware of potential positive and negative impacts of tourism development and appeared to balance these in developing their attitudes. Tourism was seen to empower residents and the religiosity of the community influenced their perception of tourism development. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by supporting the use of social exchange theory in this context and by recommending the inclusion of religiosity in further studies.

Nutrient removal by water lettuce (Pisitia stratiotes)

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Aoi ◽  
T. Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Lettuce ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Water Hyacinths ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The nutrient uptake and growth rates of the water lettuce [Pisitia stratiotes] were investigated in a batch culture system and a continuous flow system. As the water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes] is well known and widely researched as an aquatic macrophyte, water hyacinths were used as a control in a batch culture system. It was found that the specific growth rate of water lettuce was slightly higher in dry season, and in rainy season the growth rate of water hyacinths decreased almost 70%, but the rate of water lettuce decreased only 45%. From this result, water lettuce is thought to be grow up enough even under low solar radiation. The nitrogen, phosphorus and ash contents of biomass were about 1.5 times higher in water hyacinths than in water lettuce (N:2.15% & 1.65%, P:1.67% & 1.03%, ash 19.6% & 19.9% respectively). As the biomass of water lettuce is not so big and heavy (wet weight of water lettuce was under 100g and the width and height of the plant was under 20cm), removal of surplus biomass from water bodies is easy. It was made clear that water lettuce is very effective for removing nutrient from water bodies.

Environmental Impacts and Benefits of Agroforestry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shibu Jose
Keyword(s):  
Soil Health ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Agronomic Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Agroforestry systems, the planting of perennial trees and/or shrubs with annual agronomic crops or pasture, have been proposed as more environmentally benign, alternative systems for agricultural production in both temperate and tropical regions of the world. Agroforestry provides a number of environmental benefits as confirmed by scientific literature. The four major environmental benefits of agroforestry are (1) climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration, (2) biodiversity conservation, (3) soil health enrichment, and (4) air and water quality improvement. In addition to environmental benefits, the economic benefits of multiple crops within agroforestry systems have also generated interest in their adoption by farmers the world over. The major negative impacts come from conversion or degradation of forests following certain traditional practices, which may not fit in the definition of modern agroforestry. Challenges remain for widespread adoption of agroforestry, particularly in the temperate world; however, a new resurgence of interest in this land-use practice among small-scale farmers has shed light on a path toward its possible success. Past evidence clearly indicates that agroforestry, as part of a multifunctional working landscape, can offer not only economic return, but also a number of ecosystem services and environmental benefits for a sustainable society.

scholarly journals Effects and Mechanisms of Calcium Ion Addition on Lead Removal from Water by Eichhornia crassipes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-mei Zhou ◽  
Zhong-cheng Jiang ◽  
Xiao-qun Qin ◽  
Lian-kai Zhang ◽  
Qi-bo Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Karst Areas ◽  
Fibrous Roots ◽  
Floating Plant

Karst water is rich in calcium ions (Ca2+) and exhibits poor metal availability and low biodegradation efficiency. This study sought to analyze the effects and mechanisms of Ca2+ on lead (Pb) removal and absorption by Eichhornia crassipes (a floating plant common in karst areas). Moreover, the morphology and functional groups of E. crassipes in water were characterized via SEM, and FTIR. The results demonstrated that the removal rate of Pb in karst water (85.31%) was higher than that in non-karst water (77.04%); however, the Pb bioconcentration amount (BCA) in E. crassipes roots in karst water (1763 mg/kg) was lower than that in non-karst water (2143 mg/kg). With increased Ca2+ concentrations (60, 80, and 100 mg/L) in karst water, the Pb removal rate increased (85.31%, 88.87%, and 92.44%), the Pb BCA decreased (1763, 1317, and 1095 mg/kg), and the Ca BCA increased (6801, 6955, and 9368 mg/kg), which was attributed to PbCO3 and PbSO4 precipitation and competitive Ca and Pb absorption. High Ca2+ concentrations increased the strength of cation exchange, alleviated the fracture degree of fibrous roots, reduced the atrophy of vascular bundles, protected the cell wall, promoted C–O combined with Pb, enhanced the strength of O‒H, SO42−, C=O, and reduced the oxidization of alkynyl acetylene bonds.

scholarly journals A Field Guide for Monitoring Riverine Macroplastic Entrapment in Water Hyacinths

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Schreyers ◽  
Tim van Emmerik ◽  
Thanh Luan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc-Anh Phung ◽  
Thuy-Chung Kieu-Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Field Guide ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Floating Vegetation ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Water Hyacinths

River plastic pollution is an environmental challenge of growing concern. However, there are still many unknowns related to the principal drivers of river plastic transport. Floating aquatic vegetation, such as water hyacinths, have been found to aggregate and carry large amounts of plastic debris in tropical river systems. Monitoring the entrapment of plastics in hyacinths is therefore crucial to answer the relevant scientific and societal questions. Long-term monitoring efforts are yet to be designed and implemented at large scale and various field measuring techniques can be applied. Here, we present a field guide on available methods that can be upscaled in space and time, to characterize macroplastic entrapment within floating vegetation. Five measurement techniques commonly used in plastic and vegetation monitoring were applied to the Saigon river, Vietnam. These included physical sampling, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle imagery, bridge imagery, visual counting, and satellite imagery. We compare these techniques based on their suitability to derive metrics of interest, their relevancy at different spatiotemporal scales and their benefits and drawbacks. This field guide can be used by practitioners and researchers to design future monitoring campaigns and to assess the suitability of each method to investigate specific aspects of macroplastic and floating vegetation interactions.

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