Real earnings management practices for meeting earnings benchmarks: Indian evidence

DECISION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-291
Author(s):  
Karan Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Earnings Benchmarks

Financial Distress, Earnings Benchmark and Earnings Management Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226292110109
Author(s):  
Karan Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
Distressed Firms ◽  
Contradictory Evidence ◽  
Financially Distressed

Prior research exhibits contradictory evidence on earnings management practices, both accrual and real, undertaken by the firms in state of financial distress. This study uniquely examines the issue in the presence of earnings-increasing earnings management motivation- meeting earnings benchmark of avoiding losses. For examining the issue, this study analyzes large panel data of Indian public companies for the period 2000–2016. The findings indicate prevalence of earnings-decreasing real earnings management practices, that is, decrease in overproduction and increase in spending on discretionary expenses, in financially distressed firms despite there being motivation to increase earnings to avoid losses. No evidence of accrual earnings management practices has been observed in such firms.

scholarly journals Political and financial background in board interlocking and earnings management in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Baú Dal Magro ◽  
Roberto Carlos Klann
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
The Political ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Of Accounting Information

Purpose Although board interlocking underlying forces are largely hidden, the purpose of this paper is to provide managers, auditors, analysts, regulators and other stakeholders with sociological board interlocking information considering the different backgrounds of their members. Design/methodology/approach The research sample gathered 1,606 observations from 2010 to 2017. For data analysis, the direct and indirect board interlocking linkages, considering the different backgrounds of board members, established the centrality indicators. Subsequently, the authors used these indicators according to each measured background in the regression models. Findings The results indicate that the political background of board interlocking members is positively related to real earnings management practices, while the financial background has a mitigating effect on such practices. Research limitations/implications The findings suggest that individual skills and interests conveyed across the corporate social network have shaped corporate governance, with distinct impacts on the quality of accounting information. Practical implications The authors conclude that both backgrounds could have implications on agency conflicts, increasing (policy) or reducing (financial) information asymmetry between the company and its various stakeholders, which indicates that the authors must consider sociological and not just economic aspects within corporate governance. Social implications The sociological background of individuals is necessary for the congruence of monitoring mechanisms, and consequently, the quality of accounting information. Originality/value This study examines the influence of the political and financial background of board interlocking members on real earnings management practices in Brazilian publicly traded companies in the International Financial Reporting Standards post-adoption period.

scholarly journals IFRS ADOPTION AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT PRACTICE: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA COMPANIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Vina Kholisa Dinuka
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Discretionary Accrual ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Ifrs Implementation

The purpose of this study is to verify IFRS contribution by examining the presence of Accrual Earnings Management (AEM) and Real Earnings Management (REM) in the period pre- and post- IFRS implementation in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. AEM is measured by absolute value of discretionary accrual, while REM is proxied by three measurements of REM, they are abnormal cash flow operation, abnormal production and abnormal discretionary expenses. The sample is taken from Indonesia stock exchange in 2009-2011 and 2013-2015. 2012 is Indonesia adoption period and it is excluded from the sample, because it is considerated as transitory year. This study uses regression analysis and Paired t-test to compare the presence of AEM and REM preceding and following IFRS implementation. The findings reveal that IFRS adoption has significantly negative effect towards AEM and REM. It indicates that the following IFRS implementation, AEM and REM are decrease. Therefore, IFRS is able to reduce earnings management practices in manufacturing companies in Indonesia both for AEM and REM.

Long-Term Orientation and Earnings Management Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Haga ◽  
Fredrik Huhtamäki ◽  
Dennis Sundvik
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Earnings Benchmarks ◽  
Jel Classifications

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate how country-level long-term orientation affects managers' willingness to engage in earnings management and choice of earnings management strategy. Using a comprehensive dataset of 47 countries for the period from 2003 to 2015, we find that firms in long-term-oriented cultures rely relatively more on earnings management through accruals, while firms in short-term-oriented cultures engage in relatively more real earnings management. Furthermore, we find a larger discontinuity around earnings benchmarks in long-term-oriented cultures suggesting that manipulation of accruals enables benchmark beating with high precision. JEL Classifications: M14; M16; M21; M41.

Audit quality and real earnings management: evidence from the UK manufacturing sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-181
Author(s):  
R.P. Sitanggang ◽  
Yusuf Karbhari ◽  
Bolaji Tunde Matemilola ◽  
M. Ariff
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether audit quality is associated with real earnings management in the UK. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply the panel fixed effects method that controls for heterogeneity across firms to investigate whether audit quality is related to real earnings management for a large sample of UK manufacturing companies for the period 2010–2013. The authors utilized three proxies to measure real earnings management and two proxies to measure audit quality. Findings The results provide evidence that audit fees are negatively related to abnormal operating cash flows. Conversely, audit fees are positively related to abnormal discretionary expenses. Besides, audit quality proxies show insignificant relationship with abnormal production costs and real earnings management index. Overall, the study finds partial evidence of significant relationship between audit quality and real earnings management. Research limitations/implications These results are important subject to the adequacy of the indicators of real earnings management and audit quality. Like previous research works that mostly focus on upward earnings management, the authors do not address the question of whether and how firms take real actions to manage earnings downwards in certain contexts. Practical implications The findings inform monitoring bodies that the imposition of higher levels of audit quality may result in unintended consequences. Therefore, monitoring bodies, such as audit committees, should consider the implication of imposing higher quality auditing, which may drive firms to potentially value-decreasing real earnings management practices. Managers should curtail real earnings management practices, especially abnormal operating cash flow, because attempt to use higher-quality auditors to mitigate such practice may destroy firm value. Also, managers’ employment may be threatened due to the potential deterioration of firm value caused by using higher-quality auditors to mitigate managers’ real earnings management practices. Moreover, shareholders are informed of the potential detrimental effects of imposing higher levels of audit quality which may lower the value of their investments. Originality/value The paper extends previous research on earnings management in several ways. First, while earlier studies usually use accruals methods to measure earnings management, the authors use the real earnings management approach as managers can switch from accruals to real earnings management when facing more scrutiny from auditors and/or more constrained regulations or standards that may limit their capability to use discretionary accruals. Second, this study reports new findings, as the authors find partial evidence of a significant relationship between audit quality and real earnings management. Third, it is one of the few studies to use a real earnings management index to measure earnings management and its link to audit quality.

scholarly journals Board characteristics and earnings management in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-18
Author(s):  
Shanmugavel Rajeevan ◽  
Roshan Ajward
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Board Characteristics ◽  
Market Capitalisation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between designated corporate governance attributes and the degree of earnings management in selected quoted companies in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach In total, 70 listed companies in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) were selected based on the highest market capitalisation for the period covering from 2015 to 2017 and representing beverage, food and tobacco, diversified, hotel and travel, manufacturing, oil palms and health care sectors, which accounted for 59.9 per cent of the total market capitalisation of CSE. Findings This study found a positive relationship between CEO-Chair duality and earnings management. Practical implications The insights may also provide investors, economic analysts and regulators with early caution indicators of potential problems in a corporation regarding corporate governance failures and aid stakeholders in assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the board and corporate governance structure and earnings management methods. Originality/value This study extends the extant research on board characteristics and real earnings management by adopting prominent research design and modernised data. This study offers evidence on how selected audit and board committee’s characteristics influence real earnings management practices.

scholarly journals Internal Governance and Real Earnings Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Cheng ◽  
Jimmy Lee ◽  
Terry Shevlin
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Earnings Benchmarks ◽  
Alternative Measures

ABSTRACT We examine whether internal governance affects the extent of real earnings management in U.S. corporations. Internal governance refers to the process through which key subordinate executives provide checks and balances in the organization and affect corporate decisions. Using the number of years to retirement to capture key subordinate executives' horizon incentives and using their compensation relative to CEO compensation to capture their influence within the firm, we find that the extent of real earnings management decreases with key subordinate executives' horizon and influence. The results are robust to alternative measures of internal governance and to various approaches used to address potential endogeneity, including a difference-in-differences approach. In cross-sectional analyses, we find that the effect of internal governance is stronger for firms with more complex operations where key subordinate executives' contribution is higher, is enhanced when CEOs are less powerful, is weaker when the capital markets benefit of meeting or beating earnings benchmarks is higher, and is stronger in the post-SOX period. This paper contributes to the literature by examining how internal governance affects the extent of real earnings management and by shedding light on how the members of the management team work together in shaping financial reporting quality. JEL Classifications: G32; M40.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI MAHASISWA PADA EARNING MANAGEMENT “STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA SEMESTER TUJUH UNIVERSITAS SURABAYA, TAHUN 2017”

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer . ◽  
Yenny Sugiarti
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Earning Management ◽  
Questionnaire Data

This study aims to determine students' perceptions of earningss management practices including student’s perception about real earnings management, student’s perception regarding accrual earnings management. In addition, this study also observe whether or not student perceive difference between real earnings management and accrual earnings management. This study used questionnaires and then the data obtained will be processed using descriptive statistics of mean and mode. The results of questionnaire data that have been processed will be deepened with Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results of this study indicate that there is no difference in student perceptions for real earnings management practices and accrual earnings management.

scholarly journals Determinan Praktik Manajemen Laba Riil

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
Koerniawan Dwi Wibawa ◽  
Bambang Subroto ◽  
Wuryan Andyani
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Disclosure

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the level financial statement disclosure on earnings management and audit quality in moderating this study. The sample of this study was from LQ45 companies, especially in manufacturing as many as 9 companies with an observation period of 5 years (2012-2016). This study provided empirical evidence that a negative influence between the level of disclosure of financial statements and real earnings management used production costs. But with the proxies of operational cash flow and discretionary costs produce provided a positive relationship. The results of the moderation regression test with production costs as proxy of earnings management provided that audit quality can strengthen the negative effect of the financial disclosure level on earnings management. Other results indicate that audit quality can strengthen the positive influence of the financial disclosure level on earnings management with a proxy for operational cash flows and discretionary costs. The Managerial implications of research was that auditors can examine other factors besides operational cash flow and discretionary costs in carrying out judgment on earnings management practices in the company.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document