First report of crown and stem rot of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) caused by Fusarium solani in India

Abstract In July 2013, symptoms of stem rot were observed in the Dracaena sanderiana cuttings in greenhouses of Mahallat County, Markazi Province, Iran. The symptoms first appeared as severe wilting. Later, leaves became brown and necrotic. Symptoms on the cuttings were observed as rotted areas on the middle of the stems. The cortical tissues of the plants showed a distinct brown discoloration. Eventually, the infected plants died. The pathogen was isolated from Dracaena stems and identified as F. solani by a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) gene. Fusarium solani was confirmed by a pathogenicity test, and the causal agent was re-isolated from infected D. sanderiana plants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of stem rot caused by F. solani on the cuttings of D. sanderiana.

Download Full-text

First Report of Fusarium solani Causing Stunt on Lisianthus

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2001.85.4.443c ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 443-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S. Wolcan ◽

G. Lori ◽

L. Ronco

Keyword(s):

Methyl Bromide ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Buenos Aires Province ◽

Eustoma Grandiflorum ◽

Basal Stem Rot ◽

First Report ◽

Flower Production ◽

Pathogenicity Tests ◽

The Mean

Fusarium solani Mart. (Sacc.) is the causal agent of stem rot and damping-off of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) (1). Since the end of the 1980s, when this flower crop was introduced in Argentina, it has been affected by a basal stem rot (2). A previously undescribed disease was observed in 100% of the greenhouses in the Buenos Aires Province that grow lisianthus. Symptoms that developed after seedlings were transplanted included stunting, shortened internodes with reduced stem diameter, and small narrow leaves that were a dull green color. Some affected plants turned yellow-brownish and died 2 to 3 months after transplanting. Other plants recovered but produced low quality flowers later than normal. A third group of plants remained stunted (5 to 10 cm high) until the last flower harvest (about 8 to 10 months). F. solani was consistently isolated from basal stems and roots of diseased plants. For pathogenicity tests, inoculum was produced by culturing the fungus for 10 days in petri dishes containing sterile moistened rice. Inoculum was air dried, crushed, and mixed with soil that had been autoclaved at 112°C for 40 min on each of two consecutive days. The propagules in the soil were estimated by soil plate dilutions on the Nash & Snyder-PCNB medium at a ratio of about 104 CFU/g soil. Twenty plants of each cultivar Echo White and Echo Blue, whose roots had been pruned, were planted in both infested and noninfested soil. After about 40 days, stunting was observed in 85% of the inoculated plants, while controls remained asymptomatic. F. solani was reisolated from symptomatic plants, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. A test also was conducted in a commercial greenhouse that produced lisianthus for several years, in which healthy plants were planted in three plots fumigated with methyl bromide and in three nonfumigated plots. The mean cfu/g soil of F. solani in the methyl-bromide treated plots was 5 × 102 and 1.6 × 104 CFU/g in the nontreated plot. After 120 days, the incidence of stunting in the treated plots was 0.6 and about 88% in the control plots. F. solani was recovered from symptomatic plants. Because disinfestation of soil is generally practiced in flower production, stunted plants are limited and can be confused with root problems. This is the first report of F. solani causing stunt on lisianthus. References: (1) J. J. Taubenhaus and W. N. Ezekiel. Phytopathology 24:19, 1934. (2) S. M. Wolcan and G. A. Lori. Invest. Agr. Prot. Veg. 11:465, 1996.

Download Full-text

First Report of Stem Rot of Papaya Caused by Fusarium solani Species Complex in Brazil

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-06-12-0519-pdn ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (1) ◽

pp. 140-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. C. Correia ◽

B. O. Souza ◽

M. P. S. Câmara ◽

S. J. Michereff

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Species Complex ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Single Spore ◽

First Report

In October 2010, 2-year-old papaya (cv. Hawaii) trees with high incidence of stem rot were observed during a survey conducted in Rio Grande do Norte state, northeastern Brazil. Stems showing reddish brown-to-dark brown symptoms were collected and small pieces (4 to 5 mm) of necrotic tissues were surface sterilized for 1 min in 1.5% NaOCl, washed twice with sterile distilled water, and plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 0.5 g liter–1 streptomycin sulfate. Plates were incubated at 25°C with a 12-h photopheriod for 4 days. Pure cultures with white, fluffy aerial mycelia were obtained by subculturing hyphal tips onto PDA. Identification was made using morphological characteristics and DNA based molecular techniques. Colonies grown on PDA and Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar (SNA) for 10 days at 25°C with a 12-h photoperiod were used for morphological identification (3). The fungus produced cream sporodochia and two types of spores: microconidia were thin-walled, hyaline, ovoid, one-celled, and 6.8 to 14.6 × 2.3 to 4.2 μm; macroconidia were thick walled, hyaline, slightly curved, 3- to 5-celled, and 25.8 to 53.1 × 3.9 to 5.7 μm. Fifty spores of each type were measured. Rounded, thick-walled chlamydospores were produced, with two to four arranged together. On the basis of morphological characteristics (1), three fungal isolates (CMM-3825, CMM-3826, and CMM-3827) were identified as Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. and were deposited in the Culture Collection of Phytopathogenic Fungi of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (Recife, Brazil). Single-spore isolates were obtained and genomic DNA of the isolates was extracted and a portion of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α) gene of the isolates was amplified and sequenced (2). When compared with sequences available in the GenBank and Fusarium-ID databases, DNA sequences of the three isolates shared 99 to 100% sequence identity with F. solani species complex (GenBank Accession Nos. JF740784.1, DQ247523.1, and DQ247017.1). Representative sequences of the isolates were deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. JQ808499, JQ808500, and JQ808501). Pathogenicity tests were conducted with four isolates on 3-month-old papaya (cv. Hawaii) seedlings. Mycelial plugs taken from the margin of actively growing colonies (PDA) of each isolate were applied in shallow wounds (0.4 cm in diameter) on the stem (center) of each plant. Inoculation wounds were wrapped with Parafilm. Control seedlings received sterile PDA plugs. Inoculated and control seedlings (10 each) were kept in a greenhouse at 25 to 30°C. After 2 weeks, all inoculated seedlings showed reddish brown necrotic lesions in the stems. No symptoms were observed in the control plants. The pathogen was successfully reisolated from symptomatic plants to fulfill Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani species complex causing papaya stem rot in Brazil. Papaya is an important fruit crop in the northeastern Brazil and the occurrence of this disease needs to be taken into account in papaya production. References: (1) C. Booth. Fusarium Laboratory Guide to the Identification of the Major Species. CMI, Kew, England, 1977. (2) D. M. Geiser et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110:473, 2004. (3) J. F. Leslie and B. A. Summerell. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, IA, 2006.

Download Full-text

First Report of Aloe Root and Stem Rot in China Caused by Fusarium solani

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-91-6-0768b ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. 768-768

Author(s):

G. Ji ◽

L. Wei ◽

Y. He ◽

Y. Wu

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Solani ◽

Yunnan Province ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Blue Pigment ◽

Basal Cells ◽

Aloe Barbadensis ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

First Report ◽

Root Rots

During the springs of 2003 and 2004, a serious outbreak of root and stem disease occurred on Aloe barbadensis L. grown in commercial fields in Yuanjiang, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The disease began with brown root rots that advanced to collars and stems, followed by internal decay of the lower stem. Diseased tissue samples collected from plants in different fields were surface disinfested and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). A Fusarium species was consistently isolated, and pure cultures were established by initiating new cultures with single spores. Grayish white and fluffy mycelium with a deep violet-blue pigment developed on PDA agar, with a growth rate of 3.4 cm in 3 days, and a dark, blue-green mass of confluent sporodochia or pionnotes covering the central part of the culture. Microconidia in false heads on long phialides were abundant when initially isolated but were infrequent in later cultures. Microconidia were generally single celled, oval to kidney shaped, and 8 to 16 × 2.5 to 4 μm. Macroconidia were abundant, cylindrical, slightly curved with blunt and rounded apical cells, and foot-shaped or notched basal cells, and mostly three to four septate, 27 to 50 × 3.6 to 5.7 μm. Chlamydospores were sparse, single or in short chains, thick walled, and 7 to 10 μm in diameter. This description corresponds to Fusarium solani (Mart.) Appel & Wollenw. emend. Snyd. & Hans as described by Nelson et al. (1). Inoculations with F. solani were made by dipping healthy aloe roots into a 300-ml suspension of 3 × 105 conidia/ml. Control plants were dipped in sterile water. All plants were potted in soil and kept in a greenhouse (2). After 30 days, all inoculated plants developed root rots followed by collar and stem rots that were similar to those observed in the field. Cultures of F. solani were reisolated from the diseased plants and identification was confirmed by conidial characteristics. No symptoms were observed on the control plants. Tests were repeated with similar results. In China, the Yunnan Province produces one-third of all aloe grown and this disease has a major impact on production. Aloe is grown in certified organic fields and chemical pesticides are not used. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani causing root and stem rot of A. barbadensis. References: (1) P. E. Nelson et al. Fusarium Species: An Illustrated Manual for Identification. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, PA, 1983. (2) X. Ruan et al. Pages 211–215 in: Phytopathology Laboratory of Yunnan Province. Vol. 2. Y. Y. Shengfu, ed. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming, Yunnan, China, 1998.

Download Full-text

First report of root rot disease on Solanum lycopersicum L. caused by Fusarium vanettenii in India

Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.1111/jph.13047 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rubin Debbarma ◽

Deeba Kamil ◽

Bishnu Maya Bashyal ◽

Shiv Pratap Choudhary ◽

Prameeladevi Thokla

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Root Rot ◽

First Report ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Rot Disease

Download Full-text

Evaluación de tres enraizadores comerciales en la producción de plántulas de tomate indeterminado (Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Lam)

RECUBRIMIENTO COMESTIBLE CON BASE DE PIÑON MEXICANO (Jatropha curcas) SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE CHAYOTE MINIMAMENTE PROCESADO ◽

10.32854/agrop.v12i9.1491 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

Author(s):

M. Arébalo-Madrigal ◽

J.L. Escalante-González ◽

J.B. Yáñez-Coutiño ◽

M.E. Gallegos-Castro

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L

Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo de plántula de tomate indeterminado bajo condiciones protegidas, aplicando tres enraizadores y un testigo para aumentar la producción del cultivo en la región. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: se utilizó bajo un diseño experimental en bloques completamente al azar, el cual consistió de cuatro tratamientos correspondiendo a cada uno de los bloques, donde cada bloque pertenecía a cuatro charolas de unicel de 200 cavidades con sustrato de BM2, con cuatro repeticiones cada uno, teniendo 15 unidades experimentales por tratamiento, sumando un total de 60 unidades experimentales, teniendo un total de 240 plántulas de tomate por todo el experimento. Resultados: Como resultado se obtuvo que el enraizador de Phyto Root tuvo un gran efecto en cuanto al desarrollo de altura, grosor de tallo, numero de hojas, biomasa aérea y peso del cepellón, parámetros importantes que debe tener una plántula para su desarrollo y crecimiento al momento de trasplante a campo. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El manejo agronómico desde la siembra en charolas, es necesario que sea uniforme en todos los tratamientos y las repeticiones para tener mejores resultados en cuanto el efecto de los enraizadores. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Para obtener plántulas de buena calidad en el momento de trasplante a campo se le recomienda a la empresa y a los productores de plántulas utilizar el tratamiento de Phyto Root, ya que fue la que mejor respuesta tuvo.

Download Full-text