scholarly journals Experimental approach to modeling of the plasticizing operation in the hot plate welding process

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałęsa ◽  
Krzysztof Talaśka ◽  
Dominik Wilczyński ◽  
Jan Górecki ◽  
Dominik Wojtkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Hot Plate Welding ◽  
Deformation Models ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe paper discusses the topic of butt welding of polyurethane drive belts by the hot plate method in the context of modeling the process of this technological operation. Based on the analysis of the butt welding process, a series of studies of the thermomechanical properties of the material from which the belt is made has been planned. The results will be used for mathematical modeling of the welding process, and in particular its most important phase: the plasticizing operation. On this basis, the study of the compression of cylindrical specimens taken from the belt has been performed at two different speeds. Their result is the relationship between the compressive stress σc and the modulus of longitudinal elasticity Ec at compression and: deformation εc, temperature value T, as well as the compressive velocity vc. In the next step, dynamic viscosity η of the belt material was determined based on the results of dynamic thermomechanical analysis. The research work culminated in the attempts to plasticize the material on a hot plate, in conditions similar to the process of industrial welding. These studies were performed at different speeds vpl, resulting in the correlation between the force required for plasticizing Fpl and the value of the speed of the belt end vpl relative to the hot plate heated to a temperature Tp. The obtained results will be used to formulate a mathematical model of plasticizing the material, based on the selected mechanical deformation models.

scholarly journals Preliminary research of the thermomechanical properties of the round drive belts

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 06007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałęsa ◽  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Michał Pietrzak ◽  
Jan Górecki ◽  
Dominik Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
Welding Process ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Automatic Welding ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Hot Plate Welding ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Force Time

Most of the industrial machines use round-shaped drive belts for power transfer. These drive belts are often a few millimeters in diameter, and made of thermoplastic elastomer, especially polyurethane. Their production process requires the bonding step, which is often performed by hot plate butt welding. The authors have undertaken an effort to design an automatic welding machine, which calls for an analysis of the hot plate welding process consisting in describing the dependency between the technological parameters (temperature, pressure force, time) and the quality of the joint. To analyze this process in a proper way, it is necessary to describe the physical phenomena in the material during temperature and force impacts. In this case the research of thermomechanical properties of the belts is needed. The paper shows results of some preliminary research of the thermomechanical properties of the polyurethane. This research allows to predict the material reaction to increased temperature and force during hot plate welding.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Polyurethane Drive Belts with Different Cross-Section Using Thermomechanical Tests for Modeling the Hot Plate Welding Process

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3826
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałęsa ◽  
Anna Wrzesińska ◽  
Marta Dobrosielska ◽  
Krzysztof Talaśka ◽  
Dominik Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Weld Properties ◽  
Hot Plate Welding

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the circular and flat cross-section belts using measurements of a set of thermomechanical parameters, contributing to research about hot plate welding of drive belts. On the basis of thermogravimetric and spectrophotometric tests, information about the same chemical composition of the two belts was obtained. Dynamic thermomechanical analysis and scanning differential calorimetry provided information about a small difference between belts, which disappeared when the material was placed in a state of increased temperature and mechanical stress. On the basis of the analysis of the specific heat, thermal diffusion, density, and hardness, the values of the selected thermal properties of the belt were obtained, and a large similarity between the belts was identified. On the basis of the novel performed test cycle, it has been hypothesized that circular and flat belts made from thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer could be used interchangeably for butt-welding testing. It has also been proven that cyclic thermomechanical loads unify the properties of both materials so that multiple mechanical and thermal loads do not result in any change in the material properties of the two belts. As a consequence, changes in the weld properties after welding, compared to a solid belt, are not expected.

scholarly journals Process Analysis of the Hot Plate Welding of Drive Belts

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałęsa ◽  
Ireneusz Malujda ◽  
Krzysztof Talaśka ◽  
Dominik Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Automatic Welding ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Hot Plate Welding ◽  
Physical Phenomena

AbstractMost industrial machines use belt transmission for power transfer. These mechanisms often use the round belts of several millimetres in diameter that are made of thermoplastic elastomers, especially polyurethane. Their production process calls for bonding the material, which is often performed by hot plate butt welding. In order to achieve proper design of an automatic welding machine, the authors analysed the hot plate welding process of round belts. This process consists of five phases. It is necessary to recognize all the physical phenomena that occur during welding, especially those connected with thermomechanical properties of material. This knowledge is necessary to determine the temperature distribution during each step of the process. The paper presents a standard welding cycle together with an explanation of the physical phenomena in each phase. An analysis of these fundamentals will be used to derivate the function of temperature distribution during all process phases. In addition, some assumptions for calculation of temperature distribution and some fundamental physic correlations were presented.

scholarly journals Shaping the Parameters of Cylindrical Belt Surface in the Joint Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-261
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałęsa ◽  
Ireneusz Malujda ◽  
Dominik Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Automatic Welding ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Hot Plate Welding ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract Most of the industrial machines use round-shaped drive belts for power transfer. They are often a few millimetres in diameter, and made of thermoplastic elastomer, especially polyurethane. Their production process requires the bonding step, which is often performed by butt welding, using the hot plate method. The authors have undertaken to design an automatic welding machine for this purpose. Consequently, it is required to carry out a process analysis of hot plate welding, which entails describing the dependency between technological parameters (temperature, pressure force, time) and the quality of the joint, especially the outer surface of the belt around the weld. To analyse this process in a proper way, it is necessary to describe the physical phenomena that occur in the material, during particular operations of the hot plate welding process. One of the most troublesome phenomena occurring during the welding process is removing of the flash. These round rings, placed around the weld, which remains after the joining process, are unacceptable in the finished component. The authors took an effort to design the necessary equipment for removing of the flash after welding, using some simple parts that cut off excessive material. The paper shows the three possible solutions for flash removal. They were verified experimentally, and afterwards, the best solution was chosen. Additionally, a number of analytical calculations were carried out in order to determine the maximum force value required for this operation. Results of the analytical calculations were compared with experimental results.

scholarly journals The temperature distribution during heating in hot plate welding process

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 02033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałęsa ◽  
Ireneusz Malujda ◽  
Jan Górecki ◽  
Dominik Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Automatic Welding ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Hot Plate Welding ◽  
Belt Transmission

Most of the industrial machines use the belt transmission for the power transfer. These mechanisms often use the round belts with a few millimetres in diameter, which are made of the thermoplastic elastomers, especially the polyurethane. Their production process requires the bonding step, which is often performed by the butt welding, using the hot plate. To design the automatic welding machine in a proper way, the authors analyzed this process. One of the most important parameter which describes the hot plate welding is plasticized distance. Knowledge about its value is necessary to predict the length reduction of the belt during welding and will be used during the quality of the joint rating. To obtain value of this parameter the temperature distribution calculations are needed. The paper shows the results of the analytical calculations of the temperature distribution and their comparison with analyses performed by the FEM implements. Calculations were performed for the thermoplastic elastomer during the heating phase in the hot plate welding process.

Modeling the interrelationship between the parameters for improving weld strength in plastic hot plate welding: A DEMATEL approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-141
Author(s):  
K Mathiyazhagan ◽  
Krishna Kumar Singh ◽  
V Sivabharathi
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Melting Time ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Plate Temperature ◽  
Hot Plate Welding

Application of plastics is increasing day by day since plastics offer many distinct advantages as compared to metals. Plastics has mainly good thermal and electrical insulation properties, corrosion resistance, chemical inertness, and high strength to weight ratio. Additionally, these are cheaper in cost as compared to conventional materials. Plastics are additionally easy to process. Nowadays, product requirements are getting critical and thus product design is getting more complex in shape. To manufacture intricate complex shape creates complexity in manufacturing process which is sometimes very difficult or almost not feasible to produce with single manufacturing process. To manufacture such critical products, welding is a complimentary process. Type of weld joint and welding process can be selected based on the product design and load application on the product. Hot plate welding is very simple welding process as compared to other plastic welding process and most commonly used. Good quality weld is the prime objective of welding process. Weld strength is dependent on several parameters which may be process parameters as well as product parameters. The objective of this study is to identify the key parameters in hot plate welding process of the plastics using Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory which is one of the prioritization techniques. Results of the study focus on understanding the key parameters affecting the weld strength. Study shows that hot plate temperature, welding time, and melting time are the key parameters affecting the weld strength.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of Magnetically Impelled Arc Butt Welding of Pipes: A Review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Khadeer Sk ◽  
Naseeb Khan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
New Development ◽  
Pipe Welding ◽  
Arc Current ◽  
Welding Technique

This paper describes a new development of circumferential welding of pipes. Circumferential butt welds are commonly used to join pipes in various industries, including power plants and automobile industries. Magnetically impelled arc butt welding process is a hybrid welding technique. It uses a rotating electric arc as its heat source and is known as efficient method for pipe welding. In this process heat is evolved prior to forging by an arc generated between two coaxially aligned pipes, this arc rapidly rotates along the circumferential edges of the pipes to be welded due to the electromagnetic force exerted by the interaction of arc current and magnetic field generated by the external magnetic system. The entire weld over the full joint thickness is made in one single operation, instead of using several passes as in conventional welding. The main emphasis of this review is to describe the different works carried out in the past which help full for providing the information for the future development of research work. Present study exposes the different works that has been done in the past for improving the weld quality.

scholarly journals Experimental research of round welded drive belts

Mechanik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałęsa ◽  
Ireneusz Malujda ◽  
Krzysztof Talaśka
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Welding ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Research Assumptions

Presented are the requirements and preliminary research assumptions for round welded elastomer belts. The strength examination problems of polyurethane belts and welds were noticed. Their results are necessary for further analysis of hot plate welding process.

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