The effect of mating status on lifespan, egg laying, and starvation resistance in Drosophila melanogaster in relation to selection on longevity

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Service
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Starvation Resistance ◽  
Mating Status

Environmental sensitivity and heterosis for egg laying in Drosophila melanogaster

1989 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Santiago ◽  
A. Dom�nguez ◽  
J. Albornoz ◽  
R. Pi�eiro ◽  
J. I. Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Environmental Sensitivity

scholarly journals Social modulation of oogenesis and egg-laying in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailly Tiphaine ◽  
Philip Kohlmeier ◽  
Rampal Etienne ◽  
Bregje Wertheim ◽  
Jean-Christophe Billeter
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Gravid Females

Being part of a group facilitates cooperation between group members, but also creates competition for limited resources. This conundrum is problematic for gravid females who benefit from being in a group, but whose future offspring may struggle for access to nutrition in larger groups. Females should thus modulate their reproductive output depending on their social context. Although social-context dependent modulation of reproduction is documented in a broad range of species, its underlying mechanisms and functions are poorly understood. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, females actively attract conspecifics to lay eggs on the same resources, generating groups in which individuals may cooperate or compete. The tractability of the genetics of this species allows dissecting the mechanisms underlying physiological adaptation to their social context. Here, we show that females produce eggs increasingly faster as group size increases. By laying eggs faster in group than alone, females appear to reduce competition between offspring and increase their likelihood of survival. In addition, females in a group lay their eggs during the light phase of the day, while isolated females lay them during the night. We show that responses to the presence of others are determined by vision through the motion detection pathway and that flies from any sex, mating status or species can trigger these responses. The mechanisms of this modulation of egg-laying by group is connected to a lifting of the inhibition of light on oogenesis and egg-laying by stimulating hormonal pathways involving juvenile hormone. Because modulation of reproduction by social context is a hallmark of animals with higher levels of sociality, our findings represent a protosocial mechanism in a species considered solitary that may have been the target of selection for the evolution of more complex social systems.

scholarly journals The mating rate of Drosophila suzukii reduction due to reproductive interference from Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhuo Chen ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Pengcheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Reproductive Interference ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Offspring Number ◽  
Successful Mating ◽  
Reproductive Activities

Abstract Background Drosophila suzukii is widely distributed. Research has revealed that the presence of Drosophila melanogaster can reduce the emergence and egg laying of D. suzukii. However, the reasons for these phenomena have not yet been reported. To investigate this issue, we sought to answer three questions: Can the presence of D. melanogaster reduce the longevity of D. suzukii? Does D. melanogaster dominate in larval interspecific competition with D. suzukii? Does reproductive interference occur between these species; i.e., do individuals of one species (e.g., D. suzukii) engage in reproductive activities with individuals of the other (e.g., D. melanogaster) such that the fitness of one or both species is reduced? Results The results showed that the adult offspring number of Drosophila suzukii was significantly reduced when this species was reared with Drosophila melanogaster. The larval interspecific competition had no significant effects on Drosophila suzukii longevity or population size. Surprisingly, Drosophila melanogaster imposed reproductive interference on males of Drosophila suzukii, which led to a significant decline in the rate of successful mating of the latter species. Conclusions The presence of Drosophila melanogaster causes the population size of Drosophila suzukii to decrease through reproductive interference, and the rate of successful mating in Drosophila suzukii is significantly reduced in the presence of Drosophila melanogaster.

Starvation resistance in Drosophila melanogaster: testing for a possible 'cannibalism' bias

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 952-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. HUEY ◽  
J. SUESS ◽  
H. HAMILTON ◽  
G. W. GILCHRIST
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Starvation Resistance

Complex Trade-Offs and the Evolution of Starvation Resistance in Drosophila melanogaster

Evolution ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam K. Chippindale ◽  
Terence J. F. Chu ◽  
Michael R. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Starvation Resistance ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals A quantitative genetic study of starvation resistance at different geographic scales in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIETA GOENAGA ◽  
JUAN JOSÉ FANARA ◽  
ESTEBAN HASSON
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Food Shortage ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Starvation Resistance ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Variation Explained

SummaryFood shortage is a stress factor that commonly affects organisms in nature. Resistance to food shortage or starvation resistance (SR) is a complex quantitative trait with direct implications on fitness. However, surveys of natural genetic variation in SR at different geographic scales are scarce. Here, we have measured variation in SR in sets of lines derived from nine natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster collected in western Argentina. Our study shows that within population variation explained a larger proportion of overall phenotypic variance (80%) than among populations (7·2%). We also noticed that an important fraction of variation was sex-specific. Overall females were more resistant to starvation than males; however, the magnitude of the sexual dimorphism (SD) in SR varied among lines and explained a significant fraction of phenotypic variance in all populations. Estimates of cross-sex genetic correlations suggest that the genetic architecture of SR is only partially shared between sexes in the populations examined, thus, facilitating further evolution of the SD.

scholarly journals Phenotypic coupling of sleep and starvation resistance evolves in D. melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem P. Sarikaya ◽  
Julie Cridland ◽  
Adam Tarakji ◽  
Hayley Sheehy ◽  
Sophia Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Starvation Resistance ◽  
Plastic Response ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Function Of Sleep

Abstract Background One hypothesis for the function of sleep is that it serves as a mechanism to conserve energy. Recent studies have suggested that increased sleep can be an adaptive mechanism to improve survival under food deprivation in Drosophila melanogaster. To test the generality of this hypothesis, we compared sleep and its plastic response to starvation in a temperate and tropical population of Drosophila melanogaster. Results We found that flies from the temperate population were more starvation resistant, and hypothesized that they would engage in behaviors that are considered to conserve energy, including increased sleep and reduced movement. Surprisingly, temperate flies slept less and moved more when they were awake compared to tropical flies, both under fed and starved conditions, therefore sleep did not correlate with population-level differences in starvation resistance. In contrast, total sleep and percent change in sleep when starved were strongly positively correlated with starvation resistance within the tropical population, but not within the temperate population. Thus, we observe unexpectedly complex relationships between starvation and sleep that vary both within and across populations. These observations falsify the simple hypothesis of a straightforward relationship between sleep and energy conservation. We also tested the hypothesis that starvation is correlated with metabolic phenotypes by investigating stored lipid and carbohydrate levels, and found that stored metabolites partially contributed towards variation starvation resistance. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that the function of sleep under starvation can rapidly evolve on short timescales and raise new questions about the physiological correlates of sleep and the extent to which variation in sleep is shaped by natural selection.

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