Evaluation of acute bioassays for assessing toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soils

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Jo Ellen Hose ◽  
Linda A. Barlow ◽  
Stan Bent ◽  
A.A. Elseewi ◽  
Mark Cliath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Acute Bioassays

Can algae reclaim polychlorinated biphenyl–contaminated soils and sediments?

2022 ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kaleem ◽  
Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi ◽  
Abdul Samad Mumtaz
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Soils And Sediments

Phytoremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soils: the rhizosphere effect

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesema Chekol ◽  
Lester R. Vough ◽  
Rufus L. Chaney
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Rhizosphere Effect

scholarly journals Environmental Dominance and Potential Impacts of Endocrine Disruptors On the Surficial Sediments of Calabar River, South Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Surficial Sediments

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are persistent toxic organic and inorganic chemicals that enter the aquatic environment through point and non-point sources and alter the physico chemical nature of water and the physiology of aquatic organisms. Of significance are the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) contamination of aquatic ecosystems. The study was conducted to provide baseline data and information on the extent of surface sediments contamination by the EDCs in the Calabar river, Nigeria. Surficial sediments from five in equidistant locations were sampled using the Van Veen sediment sampler in the dry and wet seasons of 2014 and 2015. The TOC in the surface sediments for the dry and wet seasons were 33.84 ±0.21 and 54.44±0.14 % respectively. The EDCs were highest during the wet season than the dry season suggesting the desorption and re-mobilization of organochlorines from contaminated soils into the riverine system. The ∑OCP residues ranged from 12.93±0.06µg/kg dry wt in the dry season to 23.50±0.01µg/kg dry wt in the wet season. The ∑PCB concentrations, 4.02± 0.2µg/kg dry wt (dry season) and 7.26± 0.11µg/kg dry wt (wet season) were however lower than the OCPs during the study period. Most of the EDC values were above the permissible limits and maximum contaminant levels of USEPA, indicating that the Calabar river sediments are potentially contaminated as a result of anthropogenic activities entering the system. The implications of the observed seasonal trend with respect to contamination of sea foods and posing of ecological risks to humans are discussed. This study forms part of the ongoing environmental assessment of the pollution status of Nigeria’s marine and coastal ecosystems.

Phyto-rhizoremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated soils: An outlook on plant-microbe beneficial interactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 575 ◽  
pp. 1395-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Vergani ◽  
Francesca Mapelli ◽  
Elisabetta Zanardini ◽  
Elisa Terzaghi ◽  
Antonio Di Guardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl

scholarly journals Potentiality of Native Ascomycete Strains in Bioremediation of Highly Polychlorinated Biphenyl Contaminated Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Joaquim Germain ◽  
Muriel Raveton ◽  
Marie-Noëlle Binet ◽  
Bello Mouhamadou
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments ◽  
Pcb Biodegradation

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic pollutants that are harmful to environment and toxic to humans. Numerous studies, based on basidiomycete strains, have reported unsatisfactory results in the mycoremediation of PCB-contaminated soils mainly due to the non-telluric origin of these strains. The abilities of a five-Ascomycete-strain consortium in the mycoremediation of PCB-polluted soils and its performance to restore their sound functioning were investigated using mesocosm experiments associated with chromatography gas analysis and enzymatic activity assays. With the soil H containing 850 ppm PCB from which the strains had been isolated, a significant PCB depletion of 29% after three months of treatment was obtained. This led to an important decrease of PCBs from 850 to 604 ppm. With the soil L containing 36 ppm PCB, biodegradation did not occur. In both soils, the fungal biomass quantified by the ergosterol assay, did not increase at the end of the treatment. Biodegradation evidenced in the soil H resulted in a significantly improved stoichiometry of N and P acquiring enzymatic activities. This unprecedented study demonstrates that the native Ascomycetes display remarkable properties for remediation and restoration of functioning of the soil they originated from paving the way for greater consideration of these strains in mycoremediation.

scholarly journals Advances and perspective in bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 16355-16375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra K. Sharma ◽  
Ravindra K. Gautam ◽  
Sneha V. Nanekar ◽  
Roland Weber ◽  
Brajesh K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl

Remediation of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated soils/sediments by supercritical fluid extraction

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chen ◽  
W. Zhou ◽  
L. L. Tavlarides
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Fluid Extraction

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Fungal Biodiversity in Long-Term Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Contaminated Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2051
Author(s):  
Camille Marchal ◽  
Joaquim Germain ◽  
Muriel Raveton ◽  
Blandine Lyonnard ◽  
Cindy Arnoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Penicillium Canescens ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) belong to the organic pollutants that are toxic to humans and harmful to environments. Numerous studies dealing with the impact of PCBs on soil microorganisms have focused on bacterial communities. The effects of PCBs on fungal communities in three different PCB-polluted soils from former industrial sites were investigated using high-throughput sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 region. Significant differences in fungal alpha diversity were observed mainly due to soil physico-chemical properties. PCBs only influenced the richness of the fungal communities by increasing it. Fungal composition was rather strongly influenced by both PCBs and soil properties, resulting in different communities associated with each soil. Sixteen Ascomycota species were present in all three soils, including Stachybotrys chartarum, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium canescens, Penicillium chrysogenum,Penicillium citrosulfuratum and Penicillium brevicompactum, which are usually found in PCB-polluted soils, and Fusarium solani, Penicillium canescens, Penicillium citrosulfuratum and Penicillium chrysogenum, which are known PCB degraders. This study demonstrated that PCBs influence the richness and the composition of fungal communities. Their influence, associated with that of soil physico-chemical properties, led to distinct fungal communities, but with sixteen species common to the three soils which could be considered as ubiquitous species in PCB-polluted soils.

scholarly journals Selective screening: isolation of fungal strains from contaminated soils in Austria

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Poyntner ◽  
Max Prem ◽  
Oliver Mann ◽  
Barbara Blasi ◽  
Katja Sterflinger
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Technical Application ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Set Up

Summary Microorganisms are potent contributors to maintaining a safe environment as they are able to degrade organic toxicants. For environmental applications, mostly bacteria are used while fungal strains have received less attention. However, they are able to degrade highly persistent organic contaminants and survive extreme conditions, and may thus be promising organisms. To find new fungal candidates for these applications, twelve soil samples from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated sites in Austria were used to isolate fungal strains. A microplate screening method using PAH contaminated soil as inoculant was set up to isolate fungal strains being able to live in presence of toluene, hexadecane, or polychlorinated biphenyl 126. Not many microbial strains are known that degrade these three contaminants, while the PAH contamination acted as selective pressure for the soil microbiota. After obtaining pure cultures, the fungal strains were further screened for their ability to live in the presence of one of the three contaminant substrates. The potential for technical application of the 11 best performing strains, identified using ITS and 18S rDNA, is discussed. The presented microtiter plate screening method is a cost efficient and quick approach to identify fungal strains for pollutant degradation and results in candidates with a high relevance for bioremediation techniques.

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