Arthropod pests of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

2022 ◽  
pp. 276-347
Author(s):  
Peter A. Edde
Keyword(s):  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Arthropod Pests

ANALISIS KESESUAIAN LAHAN DAN EVALUASI JENIS TANAH DALAM BUDIDAYA TANAMAN TEBU UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN DAERAH KABUPATEN TEGAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daru Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Sugarcane Plant ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Suitability Map

The objectives of the research were to make land suitability map for sugarcane plant (Saccharum officinarum), to give recommendation of location including area for sugarcane plant cultivation and to increase sugarcane plant productivity. The research used maps overlay and Geographical Information System (GIS) which used Arch-View Spatial Analysis version 2,0 A in Remote Sensing Laboratory, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Jakarta. The research was carried out in Tegal Regency starting from June to October 2004.The results of the research showed that the suitable, conditionally suitable, and not suitable land for sugarcane cultivation in Tegal Regency reached to a high of 20,227 ha, 144 ha, and 81,599 ha respectively. There were six most dominant kind of soil: alluvial (32,735 ha), grumosol 5,760 ha), mediteran (17,067 ha), latosol   (18,595 ha), glei humus (596 ha), and regosol (22,721 ha).

Authenticity of sugar – Identification of plant source and determination of geographical origin of sucrose

2015 ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas G. Degenhardt
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
C3 And C4 Plants ◽  
Plant Source

The isotope ratios of water, organic matter and micronutrients from food are dependent on the circumstances and sites of their origin and production. Analytical methods, based on mass spectrometry, are established for routine determination of isotopes. Differentiation between metabolic pathways of C3 and C4 plants is realizable by determination 13C/12C ratios which can distinguish and identify sucrose from pure beet (Beta vulgaris) and pure cane (Saccharum officinarum). Influenced by the worldwide hydrological cycle the isotope ratios of 2H/1H and 18O/16O vary systematically, the variations give information about geographical origin. The exemplarily determination of authenticity is demonstrated by using mass spectrometric isotope ratio evaluation for identification of plant source and geographical origin with the help of selected sugar samples with known origin.

Authenticity of speciality sugars – Determination of carbohydrate source and geographical origin of invert sugar syrup and burnt sugar syrup

2017 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Andreas G. Degenhardt ◽  
Elke Jansen ◽  
Timo, J. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
C4 Plants ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Sugar Syrup

Modern instrumental analytical methods for the determination of 13C/12C ratios are established to differentiate between metabolic products of C3 and C4 plants. Differentiation and identification of sucrose from pure beet (Beta vulgaris) and pure cane (Saccharum officinarum) are possible without doubt. Influenced by the worldwide hydrological cycle the determination of the isotope ratios of 2H/1H and 18O/16O as well as their variations provide information about geographical origin. Using samples of selected crystal cane sugar (CCS) with known origin, invert sugar syrups (ISS) as well as burnt sugar syrups (BSS) produced therefrom, the authenticity was determined. The speciality sugars ISS and BSS which were made from CCS could be identified as carbohydrates of C4 plants by using 13C/12C Isotope-Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS). In combination with yeast fermentation of ISS and sugar separation from BSS and fermentation into ethanol as well as knowledge about production water, the C2-H/O isotope ratios of ethanol can theoretically determine the geographical origin of the sugars.

DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetic Analysis Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Based on matK ( maturase K) Gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Ganies Riza Aristya ◽  
Fauzana Putri ◽  
Rina Sri Kasiamdari ◽  
Arni Musthofa
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Saccharum Spontaneum ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Hybrid Cultivar ◽  
I Gene ◽  
Sequencing Process

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is an agricultural commodities with a great extent of diversity and high economic value. In Indonesia, the great extent of diversity of sugarcane is evidenced by a large number of cultivars cultivated. Sugarcane diversities at the molecular level can be seen using DNA barcodes, one of which is the matK. The purpose of the study was to identify and characterize matK and reconstruct the phylogenetic tree to determine the phylogeny of 24 sugarcane cultivars Indonesia. matK was amplified using the PCR method with matK F-5’ATGATTAATTAAGAGTAAGAGGAT-3’ and matK R-5’AATGCAAAAATTCGAAGGGT-3. Results showed that the matK gene was successfully amplified as many as 1531 bp. The sequencing process was done to determine the nucleotide sequence and compared with those of the GenBank database. It showed that the samples used had a similarity of 98.87%-99.44% to that of matK in Saccharum officinarum, Saccharum hybrid cultivar and Saccharum spontaneum. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree showed that the samples used were located in the same clade with a zero genetic distance, while all the references from NCBI were also located in the same clade. The analysis of genetic variation indicated that it had no haplotype value.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal Plants Traditionally Used for the Treatment of Jaundice (Icterus) in Himachal Pradesh in Western Himalaya—A Review

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Disha Raghuvanshi ◽  
Rajni Dhalaria ◽  
Anjali Sharma ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Harsh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Pharmacological Significance

Ethnomedicinal plants have a significant role in the lives of people of rural and tribal areas. Thousands of medicinal plant species are used to treat various diseases, including jaundice, and are considered an important therapeutic resource to minimize these diseases. Jaundice (icterus) is a chronic disease that occurs when the amount of bilirubin in the blood increases. This review describes different ethnomedicinal plants used for curing jaundice by tribal and rural people of Himachal Pradesh. The study reveals 87 ethnomedicinal plant species belonging to 51 different families, which are used for treating jaundice in Himachal Pradesh. These plants are arranged in a systematic way, which includes a description of their common name, botanical name, along with its family, plant parts used, region, and mode of use in tabulated form. Some of the plant extracts have already been explored for their phytochemical and pharmacological significance and proved their potential in the preparation of new medicines or drugs against the treatment of jaundice. This review is an attempt to highlight the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants, which are specifically used for the treatment of jaundice. The data mentioned in the present review is compiled from various sources like existing literature, books, Google Scholar, and Scopus publications. Among all the observed plant species, most used medicinal plants for the treatment of jaundice include Justicia adhatoda, Emblica officinalis, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Terminalia chebula, Berberis aristata, Cuscuta reflexa, and Tinospora cordifolia. Plants that are mostly utilized for the treatment of jaundice need to be scientifically validated by pharmacological analysis and should be subsequently used for the preparation of new drugs, which may prove far more beneficial than the existing one.

scholarly journals Characterization of full-length transcriptome in Saccharum officinarum and molecular insights into tiller development

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Yan ◽  
Huiwen Zhou ◽  
Hanmin Luo ◽  
Yegeng Fan ◽  
Zhongfeng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Pyruvate Phosphate Dikinase ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Tiller Bud

Abstract Background Although extensive breeding efforts are ongoing in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), the average yield is far below the theoretical potential. Tillering is an important component of sugarcane yield, however, the molecular mechanism underlying tiller development is still elusive. The limited genomic data in sugarcane, particularly due to its complex and large genome, has hindered in-depth molecular studies. Results Herein, we generated full-length (FL) transcriptome from developing leaf and tiller bud samples based on PacBio Iso-Seq. In addition, we performed RNA-seq from tiller bud samples at three developmental stages (T0, T1 and T2) to uncover key genes and biological pathways involved in sugarcane tiller development. In total, 30,360 and 20,088 high-quality non-redundant isoforms were identified in leaf and tiller bud samples, respectively, representing 41,109 unique isoforms in sugarcane. Likewise, we identified 1063 and 1037 alternative splicing events identified in leaf and tiller bud samples, respectively. We predicted the presence of coding sequence for 40,343 isoforms, 98% of which was successfully annotated. Comparison with previous FL transcriptomes in sugarcane revealed 2963 unreported isoforms. In addition, we characterized 14,946 SSRs from 11,700 transcripts and 310 lncRNAs. By integrating RNA-seq with the FL transcriptome, 468 and 57 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified in T1vsT0 and T2vsT0, respectively. Strong up-regulation of several pyruvate phosphate dikinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase genes suggests enhanced carbon fixation and protein synthesis to facilitate tiller growth. Similarly, up-regulation of linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase and lipoxygenase genes in the linoleic acid metabolism pathway suggests high synthesis of key oxylipins involved in tiller growth and development. Conclusions Collectively, we have enriched the genomic data available in sugarcane and provided candidate genes for manipulating tiller formation and development, towards productivity enhancement in sugarcane.

scholarly journals Photo-selective shade nets on the production and quality of sugarcane plantlets

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
José J. F. Cordeiro Júnior ◽  
Héliton Pandorfi ◽  
José A. D. Barbosa Filho ◽  
Alex S. Moraes ◽  
Luiz A. de Almeida Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) and research aimed at propagation has promoted higher quality in production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the variation of micrometeorological elements on the survival and quality of pre-sprouted sugarcane plantlets. The study was carried out in a protected environment (UFRPE). Plantlets of the cultivar RB92579 were obtained by the technique of production of pre-sprouted plantlets. The protected environments were divided into four modules covered with low-density polyethylene plastic + photo-selective shade nets and one module without shade net. Micrometeorological data of global and photosynthetically active solar radiation, air temperature, substrate temperature, relative humidity and the solar radiation spectrum were recorded in each module. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design and the principal component analysis was used to verify the association between the cultivation modules, micrometeorological variables and crop variables. Anti-UV low-density polyethylene plastic + freshnet led to lower transmittance of global solar radiation, higher percentage of photosynthetically active radiation and lower plantlet mortality. Substrate temperature above 30.2 °C resulted in higher plantlet mortality. Larger spectrum in the red range led to the production of better quality plantlet. The use of freshnet shade net promoted adequate conditions for the cultivation of sugarcane plantlets and allows obtaining better quality plantlets.

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