The air transportation vertical channel, the global value added, and the role played by private versus public control

2022 ◽  
pp. 77-97
Author(s):  
Gianmaria Martini

Subject Development of trans-Eurasian railways under China's 'One Belt, One Road' initiative. Significance China's 'One Belt, One Road' initiative envisages the creation of new China-Europe railway connections and modernisation of existing ones. Railway transport between China and its second-largest trading partner is becoming a viable alternative to sea and air transportation, especially for high-value-added products which require timely deliveries but have insufficient profit margins to warrant substantial air transportation fees. Impacts Flows of Chinese investment into Central Asian countries along the main rail routes will contribute to economic and political stability. Industrial centres will emerge in special economic zones along the railway routes, such Khorgos-East Gate on the China-Kazakhstan border. Improved connections between inland Chinese industrial cities and their European customers will stimulate export flows from China. Demand for rails, steel, logistics, locomotives and wagons will receive a boost from trans-Eurasian railway investment. A new maritime link across the Caspian Sea will reduce Russia's ability to impose transit restrictions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01033
Author(s):  
Daniel Moise ◽  
Diana Mihaela Negescu Oancea ◽  
Amelia Diaconu ◽  
Silviu Diaconu

Research background: The new CoVid19 took by surprise almost all the countries were not aware that encountered the virus. It is most likely that many countries did not even know, realize or were not aware that the virus was already spreading in their homeland. We can consider that it was like a “tornado” or even worse like a “Geo-Storm” that affected almost each country in the World. Purpose of the article: The healthcare system in each country was caught unprotected to such a large scale of need of medical supplies and devices. The lack of medical supplies showed the dependence of many countries on too few manufacturing countries. The demand for such products was sky rocketing and so did the price for this kind of products. Methods: The issue studied should not be only for medical supplies, but also for strategic products, or components for example, for air transportation, military purposes, energy supplies, and so on, that could put in real difficulties the economy and the social well-being, as we know it. We have conducted a research among the stakeholders. Findings & Value added: The outcome of this pandemic might be the end of Globalization, as the trade and dependency upon other countries will stop, or on the contrary, the consolidation of the Globalization, giving itself even an immense synergy in order to deepen and proliferate. In order to discover and debate this matter, we carried out a research to see and understand.


2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (88) ◽  
pp. 13611-13614
Author(s):  
Jialu Wang ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Guozhong Wang ◽  
Yunxia Zhang ◽  
Haimin Zhang

A new type of direct 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation fuel cell based on a bifunctional PtNiSx/CB catalyst not only transformed chemical energy into electric energy but also converted HMF into value-added 2,5-furandicarboxylic (FDCA).


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. 3515-3520
Author(s):  
Wubing Yao ◽  
Jiali Wang ◽  
Aiguo Zhong ◽  
Shiliang Wang ◽  
Yinlin Shao

The selective catalytic reduction of amides to value-added amine products is a desirable but challenging transformation.


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